Association between different obesity metrics and risk of inguinal hernia.

Purpose: Obesity is closely associated with a lower risk of inguinal hernia, but the association between different obesity metrics and the risk of inguinal hernia is still unclear.

Methods: In our study, we categorized obesity measurement indicators into three groups based on the difficulty of measurement: (1) indicators easily available, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR); (2) indicators accessible with moderate difficulty, such as body fat percentage and body fat mass; (3) indicators difficultly accessible, such as the volume of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to investigate the causal relationship between various adiposity measures and the risk of inguinal hernia in both European ancestry and East Asians.

Cervical cancer with patent foramen ovale metastasis to the left ventricle: a case report.

Background: Metastasis of malignant tumors to the cardiac endocardium is rare and mainly involves the right side of the heart. It is extremely rare to involve the left cardiac endocardium, especially when there is neither pulmonary metastasis nor primary lung cancer, which we call "isolated" left cardiac endocardium metastasis in this paper. Few such cases previously reported in the literature were not screened for patent foramen ovale (PFO).

The Effects of Prophylactic Laxative Use on Critically Ill Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

: To investigate the effects of prophylactic use of stimulant laxatives and/or docusate on the clinical outcomes in critically ill patients who required mechanical ventilation (MV). : A single-center, retrospective, cohort study was conducted. Patients who received MV in the first 24 h after intensive care unit (ICU) admission were enrolled and divided into four groups: non-laxative, stimulant laxatives, docusate, and stimulant laxatives-docusate combination.

Relationship between immune cell traits, circulating inflammatory cytokines, and the risk of incisional hernia after gastric surgery.

Purpose: The systemic and local inflammatory response in patients after surgical operation is closely related to the quality of the wound healing. Low-quality wound healing and defects in the suture technique lead to the occurrence of incisional hernia (IH). However, the causal relationship between human circulating inflammatory cytokines, immune cell traits, and the risk of IH remains unclear.

Newer Therapies for Refractory Infection in Adults: A Systematic Review.

Background: () infection is a global health concern, affecting approximately two-thirds of the world's population. Standard first-line treatment regimens often fail, necessitating alternative rescue therapies.

Objectives: This review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of newer treatment regimens in patients who have failed initial eradication therapy.

Strategies to Improve Access to Care for Patients With Opioid Use Disorder.

Treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) faces several challenges, including restricted access to medications, geographical and logistical barriers, and variability in treatment availability across different communities. This article outlines several strategies aimed at improving access to medications. Pharmacy-based care could potentially extend access to medications but would require regulatory changes to empower pharmacists.

Potential Use of ChatGPT for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases in Vulnerable Populations.

Background: ChatGPT could be a useful tool in the infectious disease field. However, the application of ChatGPT for the treatment of infectious diseases in vulnerable population has not been determined.

Methods: We designed questions about antibiotic use, including the choice of antibiotics, dose, and treatment duration for prevalent infectious disease in vulnerable populations.

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Children and Adolescents with Obesity or Overweight: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Four glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been used in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight. This network meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of these regimens. Embase, PubMed, and Scopus were searched on March 2023 and updated in June 2024 for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Efficacy and safety of tirzepatide versus placebo in overweight or obese adults without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Tirzepatide was approved to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, but its efficacy and safety in patients without diabetes has not been investigated.

Aim: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide compared to placebo in overweight or obese patients without diabetes.

Method: PubMed, Embase and Cochrane were searched on January 18, 2024.

Quantity, Duration, Adherence, and Reasons for Dietary Supplement Use among Adults: Results from NHANES 2011-2018.

Dietary supplement use is common among US adults. We aimed to investigate the quantity, duration, adherence, and reasons for supplement use in individuals who take supplements. Data from 2011 to 2018 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset were analyzed.

Vonoprazan-based therapies versus PPI-based therapies in patients with H. pylori infection: Systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan-amoxicillin (VA), vonoprazan-amoxicillin-clarithromycin (VAC), vonoprazan-based bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (VBQT), and PPI-based triple (PAC) or quadruple therapy (PBQT) for H. pylori infection with the consideration of duration of therapy and amoxicillin dose (H: high; L: low).

Materials And Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to December 15, 2023.

Balance recovery for lower limb exoskeleton in standing posture based on orbit energy analysis.

The need for effective balance control in lower limb rehabilitation exoskeletons is critical for ensuring stability and safety during rehabilitation training. Current research into specialized balance recovery strategies is limited, highlighting a gap in biomechanics-inspired control methods. We introduce a new metric called "Orbit Energy" (OE), which assesses the balance state of the human-exoskeleton system based on the dynamics of the overall center of mass.

A giant left atrial myxoma transits across patent foramen ovale a PFO mimicking biatrial myxoma: a case report.

Background: Multiple myxomas are rare and often associated with Carney syndrome. We present a giant left atrial myxoma that passes through a patent foramen ovale (PFO), mimicking biatrial myxoma.

Case Summary: A 46-year-old female was admitted to the hospital with a cardiac neoplasm without symptoms.

Complete resection of a giant intrapericardial cardiac synovial sarcoma.

Synovial sarcoma of the heart is a rare tumor. Herein we would like to report a case of giant intrapericardial cardiac synovial sarcoma that originated from the right ventricle and grew outward near the diaphragm. After making adequate preoperative preparation, we performed the surgery as quickly as possible and resected the tumor completely.

Causal relationship of obesity and adiposity distribution on risk of ventral hernia.

Purpose: Ventral hernia (VH) is a common surgical disease. Previous studies suggested that obesity is an important risk factor for VH. However, the causal relationship between fat distribution and the risk of VH is still unclear.

Semi-Supervised 3D Shape Segmentation via Self Refining.

3D shape segmentation is a fundamental and crucial task in the field of image processing and 3D shape analysis. To segment 3D shapes using data-driven methods, a fully labeled dataset is usually required. However, obtaining such a dataset can be a daunting task, as manual face-level labeling is both time-consuming and labor-intensive.

A Multi-Modal Attention-Based Approach for Points of Interest Detection on 3D Shapes.

Identifying points of interest (POIs) on the surface of 3D shapes is a significant challenge in geometric processing research. The complex connection between POIs and their geometric descriptors, combined with the small percentage of POIs on the shape, makes detecting POIs on any given 3D shape a highly challenging task. Existing methods directly detect POIs from the entire 3D shape, resulting in low efficiency and accuracy.

Latent profile and network analysis of risk perception among a sample of Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

Background: The risk perception of contracting COVID-19 is an important topic for assessing and predicting COVID-19 infection and health education during the pandemic. However, studies that use latent profiles and network analysis together to measure the risk perception of COVID-19 are rare. Therefore, this study combined latent profile analysis and network analysis to measure risk perception toward COVID-19 among Chinese university students through a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

Branching externalized guidewire to facilitate retrograde endograft deployment in the hybrid aortic repair with aortic valve replacement.

Background: The hybrid aortic repair consisting of root replacement and endovascular arch repair is an optimal alternative for patients unfit for circulatory arrest. However, an artificial aortic valve prosthesis might impede the endovascular procedure. This study aims to present our experience with the branching retrograde externalized guidewire (BREG) technique in such situations, and discuss its utility and efficiency.

Medication adherence in Medicare-enrolled older adults with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease before and during COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Medication adherence in Medicare-enrolled older adults with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is unknown.

Objectives: To evaluate medication adherence and determinants of high adherence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in this population.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Piecewise Developable Modeling via Implicit Neural Deformation and Feature-Guided Cutting.

We propose a novel and automatic method to model shapes using a small set of discrete developable patches. Central to our approach is using implicit neural shape representation that makes our algorithm independent of tessellation and allows us to obtain the Gaussian curvature of each point analytically. With this powerful representation, we first deform the input shape to be an almost developable shape with clear and sparse salient feature curves.

[Human muscle fatigue monitoring method and its application for exoskeleton interactive control].

Aiming at the human-computer interaction problem during the movement of the rehabilitation exoskeleton robot, this paper proposes an adaptive human-computer interaction control method based on real-time monitoring of human muscle state. Considering the efficiency of patient health monitoring and rehabilitation training, a new fatigue assessment algorithm was proposed. The method fully combined the human neuromuscular model, and used the relationship between the model parameter changes and the muscle state to achieve the classification of muscle fatigue state on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the fatigue trend.