Effects of short time -30° head-down tilt on time perception.

Exposure to microgravity induces abnormal experiences that may affect the perception of time. Head-down tilts (HDTs) are commonly used to investigate the effects of weightlessness. A -30° HDT is considered an appropriate model to simulate the acute phase of microgravity exposure.

Bifunctional probe propelling multipath strand displacement amplification tandem CRISPR/Cas12a for ultrasensitive and robust assay of DNA methyltransferase activity.

Background: DNA methylation catalyzed by various DNA methyltransferases (DNA MTases) is one of the important epigenetic regulations in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Therefore, the detection of DNA MTase activity is a vital target and direction in the study of methylation-related diseases.

Results: In this study, an ultrasensitive and robust strategy was developed for DNA MTase activity sensing based on bifunctional probe propelling multipath strand displacement amplification and CRISPR/Cas12a techniques.

Two-component system GrpP/GrpQ promotes pathogenicity of uropathogenic Escherichia coli CFT073 by upregulating type 1 fimbria.

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a major cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Invasion into bladder epithelial cells (BECs) on the bladder luminal surface via type 1 fimbria is the first critical step in UPEC infection. Although type 1 fimbria expression increases during UPEC invasion of BECs, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Electrochemical In Situ Characterization Techniques in the Field of Energy Conversion.

With the proposal of the "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" goals, the utilization of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and tidal energy has garnered increasing attention. Consequently, the development of corresponding energy conversion technologies has become a focal point. In this context, the demand for electrochemical in situ characterization techniques in the field of energy conversion is gradually increasing.

Soil aggregation alterations under soil microplastic and biochar addition and aging process.

Soil microplastics (MPs) are a substantial threat to soil health, particularly by disrupting soil aggregation. Additionally, MPs undergo aging processes in the soil, which may significantly alter their long-term impacts on soil structure. To investigate these effects, we conducted an eight-month soil incubation experiment, examining the influence of MPs and their aging on soil aggregation.

Photoredox-Catalyzed Alkene Acylesterification with Acyloxime Esters via C-C and Tertiary C-O Bond Formation.

We describe an efficient acyl esterification method for alkenes utilizing acyloxime esters as bifunctional reagents featuring radical acylation and congested C-O bond formation. This approach is characterized by mild photoredox conditions, high step and atom economy, a broad substrate scope, and excellent regioselectivity. A variety of valuable α-acyl hindered alcohol esters, including those obtained via gram-scale synthesis and late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutical molecules, were presented, demonstrating its synthetic potential and practicability.

MorphoDiff: Cellular Morphology Painting with Diffusion Models.

Understanding cellular responses to external stimuli is critical for parsing biological mechanisms and advancing therapeutic development. High-content image-based assays provide a cost-effective approach to examine cellular phenotypes induced by diverse interventions, which offers valuable insights into biological processes and cellular states. In this paper, we introduce MorphoDiff, a generative pipeline to predict high-resolution cell morphological responses under different conditions based on perturbation encoding.

The effects of interactive video games combined with LEGO game therapy on social anxiety in rural left-behind children.

Background: China has a significant population of left-behind children, defined as those whose parents have migrated away from their home for at least six months. This situation arises when one or both parents leave to seek work in urban areas. Among the various challenges faced by left-behind children, social anxiety has emerged as one of the most pressing issues.

Characteristics of compression wave propagation and energy absorption effects in dry sandy soil.

The mechanical responses of sandy soil under dynamic loading is closely related to protective engineering and geotechnical engineering, is still not fully understood. To investigate the energy attenuation law and propagation velocity of compressed waves in dry sandy soil, this paper focuses on the dynamic response of compression waves in the specimen under single impact and repetitive impact conditions using an improved split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The results reveal that the length of the specimen follows an exponential relationship with the attenuation of the peak stress.

IL-10 signaling modulates PRKN methylation and influences STAT3 activity to drive regulatory macrophage differentiation.

The pathogenesis of many immune disorders is linked to regulatory macrophage dysfunction. The mechanism underlying it is unclear. The objective of this study is to examine the mechanism by which the PRKN ubiquitin protein ligase (PRKN) inhibits the development of regulatory macrophages (Mreg).

Trends and levels of the global, regional, and national burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension from 1990 to 2021: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and progressive lung disease that significantly impairs patients' health and imposes heavy clinical and economic burdens. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive epidemiological analysis on the global burden and trends of PAH.

Methods: We estimated the prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of PAH from 1990 to 2021 using the results of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD).

-driven CX3CR1 PD-L1 phagocytes route to tumor tissues and reshape tumor microenvironment.

The intracellular bacterium (Fn) mediates tumorigenesis and progression in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the origin of intratumoral Fn and the role of Fn-infected immunocytes in the tumor microenvironment remain unclear. Here, we observed that Fn-infected neutrophils/macrophages (PMNs/MΦs), especially PMNs, accumulate in tumor tissues and fecal Fn abundance correlates positively with an abundance of blood PD-L1 PMNs in CRC patients.

A randomised controlled study on efficacy of midazolam and cartoon for decreasing preoperative anxiety in preschool children undergoing strabismus surgery.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect and influence of midazolam and cartoon on postoperative behaviour in reducing preoperative anxiety in preschool children.

Methods: Three hundred children undergoing monocular strabismus correction were divided into three groups: midazolam (M), cartoon (C), and CM. Preoperative anxiety scores, cooperation scores during anaesthesia induction, awakening time, emergence agitation, and postoperative adverse behaviours were recorded.

Dust mite antigens endow dendritic cells with the capacity to induce a Th2 response by regulating their methylation profiles.

Background: It is well-known that Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential in the development of airway Th2 polarization and airway allergy (AA). The underlying mechanism is still not fully understood. The objective of this study is to examine the role of methyltransferase-like protein-5 (Mettl5), a methyltransferase involved in N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, in altering DC's properties to facilitate the development of Th2 polarization and AA.

Dual biomarkers CT-based deep learning model incorporating intrathoracic fat for discriminating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in multi-center cohorts.

Background: Recent studies in the field of lung cancer have emphasized the important role of body composition, particularly fatty tissue, as a prognostic factor. However, there is still a lack of practice in combining fatty tissue to discriminate benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

Purpose: This study proposes a deep learning (DL) approach to explore the potential predictive value of dual imaging markers, including intrathoracic fat (ITF), in patients with pulmonary nodules.

In-Situ Constructed Core-Shell Catalyst Enabling Subzero Capacity Unlocking of Cost-Effective and Long-Life Vanadium Flow Batteries.

Vanadium flow battery (VFB) promises a route for achieving grid-scale power storage by harnessing renewable energy sources. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics of vanadium redox couples and serious hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) still restrict the further development of VFB. Addressing these challenges requires not only effective solutions but also ones that are cost-efficient and scalable to meet the demands of affordable energy storage.

Highly Oriented and Ordered Co-Assembly Monolayers for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Perovskite solar cells with inverted architecture have remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operating stability based on self-assembled molecules (SAMs) hole transport layer. Homogeneous distribution and covalent binding mode of SAM monolayers are critical to improving interfacial property and reducing interfacial losses, which can be achieved through molecular design and co-assembly strategy. Here, we propose co-assembly strategy with SAM by employing a novel 2D π-conjugated structure graphdiyne derivative (PAG) with phosphoric acid groups.

Sub--benziporphyrin: a subcarbaporphyrinoid and its B complex with an unprecedented planar tridentate 14π-aromatic network.

Sub--benziporphyrins were synthesized by Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling of ,'-diboryl--benzitripyrrane with 9,10-bis(1,1-dibromomethylenyl)anthracene. Reaction of sub--benziporphyrin with PhBCl and triethylamine gave its B-phenyl complex as a tetracoordinate nonaromatic B complex. In contrast, the reaction with BBr and triethylamine furnished a neutral B porphyrinoid with a planar and triangular coordination as the first example, in which the -phenylene unit was partially reduced, allowing for the global 14π-aromatic circuit.

Species mass transfer governs the selectivity of gas diffusion electrodes toward HO electrosynthesis.

The meticulous design of advanced electrocatalysts and their integration into gas diffusion electrode (GDE) architectures is emerging as a prominent research paradigm in the HO electrosynthesis community. However, it remains perplexing that electrocatalysts and assembled GDE frequently exhibit substantial discrepancies in HO selectivity during bulk electrolysis. Here, we elucidate the pivotal role of mass transfer behavior of key species (including reactants and products) beyond the intrinsic properties of the electrocatalyst in dictating electrode-scale HO selectivity.

Probiotic DNA regulates intestinal Th2 polarization by inducing epithelial cells to produce PD-L1.

Th2 polarization is a characteristic feature of many immune diseases; its pathogenesis is still being elucidated. Probiotics have immune regulatory effects. This study is aimed at testing the impact of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR) DNA on regulating Th2 polarization and elucidating its underlying mechanism.

Photoinduced Aromatization-Driven Deconstructive Fluorosulfonylation of Spiro Dihydroquinazolinones.

A catalyst-free photoinduced deconstructive fluorosulfonylation cascade of spiro dihydroquinazolinones with DABSO and NFSI is reported. This protocol features mild reaction conditions, good yields and excellent functional group tolerance, providing a practical approach to the quinazolin-4(1)-one-functionalized aliphatic sulfonyl fluorides. In addition, the ease of gram-scale synthesis and the versatility of the SuFEx exchange highlight the application potential of this protocol.

Comprehensive Diagnostic Value of Vertebral Bone Quality Scores and Paravertebral Muscle Quality Parameters in Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures.

Objective: Both vertebral bone quality (VBQ) scores and paravertebral muscle quality can predict osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs). This study aimed to compare the diagnostic value of opportunistic VBQ scores and sarcopenia for OVF and to determine if their combined use could enhance diagnostic efficacy.

Methods: A total of 194 patients, matched 1:1 by age and sex, were included.

From microbes to medicine: harnessing the power of the microbiome in esophageal cancer.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignancy with a high incidence and poor prognosis, significantly influenced by dysbiosis in the esophageal, oral, and gut microbiota. This review provides an overview of the roles of microbiota dysbiosis in EC pathogenesis, emphasizing their impact on tumor progression, drug efficacy, biomarker discovery, and therapeutic interventions. Lifestyle factors like smoking, alcohol consumption, and betel nut use are major contributors to dysbiosis and EC development.