Versatile and robust transparent polymer film with preprogrammed diffusion and bidirectional irreversible fluorescence for sequential information encryption.

The materials currently available for information encryption often suffer from low transparency, poor mechanical strength, and a reliance on single decryption conditions, which limits their security and hence application potential. To address these challenges, we developed a transparent, mechanically robust polymer film inspired by the camouflage and communication strategies of the glass squid. In this film, 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (DHTA) and zinc acetate dihydrate are integrated into a crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol-glutaraldehyde (PVA-GA) matrix to achieve bidirectional irreversible fluorescence and sequential decryption.

Sensitive and Deep Coverage Phosphoproteome Detection Method Reveals Spleen as a More Sensitive Organ than Liver in Early Detection of Liver Fibrosis-Related Signaling Protein Dysregulation.

Although cathepsin S is transported from the spleen to the liver, where it cleaves collagen XVIII to produce endostatin and plays a critical role in the onset of early liver fibrosis, the relationship between liver fibrosis and spleen function remains underexplored. Given the roles of phosphorylation in disease, understanding its regulatory mechanism in early liver fibrosis is crucial. Despite advances in mass spectrometry enhancing phosphoproteomics, its application is limited by small clinical samples and subtle protein changes.

scRNA-Seq reveals age-dependent microglial evolution as a determinant of immune response following spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to severe impairments in sensory and motor functions. Previous studies have pointed out that patient age is a critical factor influencing SCI prognosis. However, the role of microglia in age-related differences in SCI outcomes remains unclear.

Correlation between glymphatic dysfunction and cranial defect in severe traumatic brain injury: a retrospective case-control study based on a diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) investigation.

Background: To date, limited research has been conducted on the functionality of the glymphatic system during the recovery phase of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). This study aimed to use a diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) to evaluate glymphatic system function in patients recovering from sTBI who underwent unilateral decompressive craniectomy, and to examine the correlation between the ALPS index and the size of the cranial defect. We hypothesized that assessments would reveal ongoing impairments in glymphatic system function among sTBI patients during the recovery phase.

Effects of Emulsifiers on Physicochemical Properties and Carotenoids Bioaccessibility of Sea Buckthorn Juice.

The need to improve the physicochemical properties of sea buckthorn juice and the bioavailability of carotenoids is a major challenge for the field. The effects of different natural emulsifiers, such as medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), tea saponins (TSs) and rhamnolipids (Rha), on the physical and chemical indexes of sea buckthorn juice were studied. The particle size of sea buckthorn juice and the carotenoids content were used as indicators for evaluation.

Bioactive triterpenoid compounds of Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf in the treatment of diabetic ulcers via regulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Diabetic ulcers represent a chronic condition characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia and delayed wound healing, accompanied by endocrine disorders, inflammatory responses, and microvascular damage in the epidermal tissue, demanding effective clinical treatment approaches. For thousands of years, ancient Chinese ethnopharmacological studies have documented the use of Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf in treating diabetic ulcers.

Undenatured type II collagen nanofibrils with sodium alginate coating: Structural characterization, physicochemical properties and capability to load curcumin.

In this study, the structural design and physicochemical property enhancement of undenatured type II collagen (UC-II) nanofibrils with sodium alginate (SA) coating induced by calcium ions (Ca) were investigated. The research aimed to elucidate the impact of Ca concentration on the morphology, thermal stability, and digestive resistance, as well as to assess the potential of UC-II/SA nanofibrils as a delivery system for curcumin (Cur). A series of Ca concentrations (1-9 mM) were methodically applied to optimize the condition that maintains the triple-helical structure of UC-II, thereby enhancing its functional properties.

Effects of chitosan molecular weight and mass ratio with natural blue phycocyanin on physiochemical and structural stability of protein.

Phycocyanin (PC), an algae-extracted colorant, has extensive applications for its water-solubility and fresh blue shade. When PC is added to acidified media, dispersions are prone to aggregate and decolorize into cloudy systems. For palliating this matter, chitosan with high, medium, and low molecular weights (HMC, MMC, and LMC) were adopted in PC dispersions, and their protective effects were compared based on physiochemical stabilities.

Anoikis patterns via machine learning strategy and experimental verification exhibit distinct prognostic and immune landscapes in melanoma.

Background: Anoikis is a cell death programmed to eliminate dysfunctional or damaged cells induced by detachment from the extracellular matrix. Utilizing an anoikis-based risk stratification is anticipated to understand melanoma's prognostic and immune landscapes comprehensively.

Methods: Differential expression genes (DEGs) were analyzed between melanoma and normal skin tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression data sets.

Macrophage-Derived Cathepsin S Remodels the Extracellular Matrix to Promote Liver Fibrogenesis.

Background & Aims: Liver fibrosis is an intrinsic wound-healing response to chronic injury and the major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, no effective diagnostic or therapeutic strategies are available, owing to its poorly characterized molecular etiology. We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying liver fibrogenesis.

Insight into the composite assembly process, nanofibril structure and stability of undenatured type II collagen in the presence of different types of nanocelluloses.

Four types of nanocelluloses (CNs), including cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), cationic etherified nanocellulose (CCNF) and TEMPO-oxidized nanocellulose (TOCNF), were incorporated into the assembly process of undenatured type II collagen (UC-II). In the presence of CNs, the kinetics of UC-II composite assembly slightly fluctuated and the magnitude of UC-II assembly increased (from 59.93 to 66.

Loading neural stem cells on hydrogel scaffold improves cell retention rate and promotes functional recovery in traumatic brain injury.

Neural stem cell (NSC) has gained considerable attention in traumatic brain injury (TBI) treatment because of their ability to replenish dysfunctional neurons and stimulate endogenous neurorestorative processes. However, their therapeutic effects are hindered by the low cell retention rate after transplantation into the dynamic brain. In this study, we found cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow after TBI is an important factor associated with cell loss following NSC transplantation.

Damaged collagen detected by collagen hybridizing peptide as efficient diagnosis marker for early hepatic fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is characterized by excessive synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in liver tissues. However, it still has been lacking of early detection and diagnosis methods. The collagen hybridizing peptide (CHP) is a novel synthetic peptide that enables detection of collagen damage and tissue remodeling.

Rapid Preparation of Flame-Retardant Coatings Using Polyurethane Emulsion Mixed with Inorganic Fillers.

The traditional aqueous flame-retardant coating faces the problem of slow solvent evaporation rate in the preparation process. It is an urgent problem to ensure that the function of the membrane is not destroyed while accelerating the solvent volatilization. Herein, we fabricated films on the metal substrate surface by a totally novel method: demulsification-induced fast solidification to rapidly obtain the flame-retardant coating.

Effects of different mechanical processes on the structural and powdery properties of insoluble undenatured type II collagen.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dynamic high-pressure homogenization (DHPH), dynamic high-pressure microfluidization (DHPM), and wet media milling (WMM) processes on the particle size, microstructure, triple helix structure, wettability and suspension stability of insoluble undenatured type II collagen (IUC-II). The structural and powdery properties were regulated by different processes and parameters. By contrast, WMM-treated IUC-II showed smallest particle size (15.

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) stabilized by natural or synthetic emulsifiers for lutein delivery: Improved physicochemical stability, antioxidant activity, and bioaccessibility.

This study investigated the impacts of individual emulsifiers on the physicochemical stability, antioxidant ability, and in vitro digestion behavior of lutein-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). NLCs particles stabilized by ethyl lauroyl arginate, rhamnolipid, or tea saponin were fabricated by high-pressure microfluidization method. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction results confirmed the regulatory effect of emulsifiers on the crystallization behavior of NLCs.

Assessment of electroencephalography and event-related potentials in unresponsive patients with brain injury.

Objective: To investigate the predictors of clinical outcomes in unresponsive patients with acquired brain injuries.

Methods: Patients with coma or disorders of consciousness were enrolled from August 2019 to March 2021. A retrospective analysis of demographics, etiology, clinical score, diagnosis, electroencephalography (EEG), and event-related potential (ERP) data from 1 week to 2 months after coma onset was conducted.

Chinese guideline on the application of anti-seizure medications in the perioperative period of supratentorial craniocerebral surgery.

Seizures are a common symptom of craniocerebral diseases, and epilepsy is one of the comorbidities of craniocerebral diseases. However, how to rationally use anti-seizure medications (ASMs) in the perioperative period of craniocerebral surgery to control or avoid seizures and reduce their associated harm is a problem. The China Association Against Epilepsy (CAAE) united with the Trauma Group of the Chinese Neurosurgery Society, Glioma Professional Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, Neuro-Oncology Branch of the Chinese Neuroscience Society, and Neurotraumatic Group of Chinese Trauma Society, and selected experts for consultancy regarding outcomes from evidence-based medicine in domestic and foreign literature.

The kinetic mechanism of cations induced protein nanotubes self-assembly and their application as delivery system.

The amphiphilic proteins can be used as building blocks (BBs) forming various self-assemblies. Understanding their self-assembly mechanism is important for designing novel nanomaterials. Herein, the BBs dimers were first prepared from carboxyl-abundant enzymolyzed α-lactalbumin (α-lac) at 50 °C.

Intracranial Pressure after Closure of Dura Predicts Decompressive Craniectomy in Patients with Head Trauma.

This study aimed to address the risk factors of second decompressive craniectomy (DC) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who initially underwent mass lesion evacuation, but no primary DC. Patients were enrolled if they had had a hospital visit to Xiangya Hospital, Central South University with acute closed TBI from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019 and had undergone craniotomic mass lesion evacuation. Sociodemographic information, computed tomography (CT) information, clinical profiles, and surgical information were obtained from an electronic database.

TFCP2, a binding protein of ATF3, promotes the progression of glioma by activating the synthesis of serine.

Glioma is one of the most common malignancies. De novo serine synthesis promotes glioma progression and therapeutic resistance. Therefore, clarifying the regulatory mechanism of serine synthesis is of great significance for glioma therapy.

Immune Landscape and an RBM38-Associated Immune Prognostic Model with Laboratory Verification in Malignant Melanoma.

Background: Current studies have revealed that RNA-binding protein RBM38 is closely related to tumor development, while its role in malignant melanoma remains unclear. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the function of RBM38 in melanoma and the prognosis of the disease.

Methods: Functional experiments (CCK-8 assay, cell colony formation, transwell cell migration/invasion experiment, wound healing assay, nude mouse tumor formation, and immunohistochemical analysis) were applied to evaluate the role of RBM38 in malignant melanoma.

Clinical Validation of BCI-Controlled Wheelchairs in Subjects With Severe Spinal Cord Injury.

Brain-controlled wheelchairs are one of the most promising applications that can help people gain mobility after their normal interaction pathways have been compromised by neuromuscular diseases. The feasibility of using brain signals to control wheelchairs has been well demonstrated by healthy people in previous studies. However, most potential users of brain-controlled wheelchairs are people suffering from severe physical disabilities or who are in a "locked-in" state.

Study of Vertebral Artery Dissection by Ultrasound Superb Microvascular Imaging Based on Deep Neural Network Model.

To assess the diagnostic value of ultrasound Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) and versus Doppler ultrasound (TCD) for microvascular structure and aerodynamic changes in vertebral artery dissection (VAD). In this paper, we firstly simulate the process of clinician recognition of vertebral artery dissection and propose a combination of a priori shape information of vertebral artery dissection and deep folly convolutional networks (DFCNs) for IVUS. In this paper, 15 patients with vertebral artery dissection confirmed by SMI, digital subtraction angiography (DSA), or computed tomography angiography (CTA) from 2020 to 2021 were selected, and the true and false lumen diameters, peak systolic flow velocity (PSV), end-diastolic flow velocity (EDV) and PSV, EDV, and plasticity index (PI) of the intracranial vertebral artery were measured.