Histidine metabolism drives liver cancer progression via immune microenvironment modulation through metabolic reprogramming.

Background: Histidine metabolism is crucial in role in tumor biology, contributing to tumor progression, immune regulation, and metabolic reprogramming. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), dysregulated histidine metabolism may promote tumor growth and immune evasion, although the specific mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Methods: Using single-cell RNA sequencing, the expression patterns of histidine metabolism-related genes were evaluated across different cell types in HCC samples.

Hepcidin mediates the disorder of iron homeostasis and mitochondrial function in mice under hypobaric hypoxia exposure.

The human body to prolonged high-altitude environments exposure can cause the decreased hepcidin and the disorder of iron homeostasis. Few animal studies have examined the molecular basis of iron metabolism disorder and the impact of hepcidin on the complex phenotype of high-altitude environments. In this study, we display reduced hepcidin level and impaired iron homeostasis upon hypobaric hypoxia, accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal blood cells and metabolic disorder.

Frailty increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease in non-demented individuals: A longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Frailty, which is considered a potential modifiable risk factor for dementia, continues to generate debate when it comes to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, the underlying pathological mechanisms linking frailty to AD remain uncertain.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between frailty and the risk of AD while elucidating the connections between frailty, AD biomarkers, and cognitive function.

Particle Size-Dependent Monthly Variation of Pollution Load, Ecological Risk, and Sources of Heavy Metals in Road Dust in Beijing, China.

Road dust carries various contaminants and causes urban non-point source pollution in waterbodies through runoff. Road dust samples were collected in each month in two years and then sieved into five particle size fractions. The concentrations of ten heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe) in each fraction were measured.

The association of the triglyceride-glucose index with Alzheimer's disease and its potential mechanisms.

Background: The correlation between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the glucose-triglyceride (TyG) index remains undetermined.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and AD, as well as the relationship between the TyG index and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers and cognition.

Methods: Six hundred twenty-eight non-dementia participants were included.

Global research trends and hotspots on smoking and lung cancer from 1994-2023: A bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: Lung cancer is a significant cause of mortality, especially among smokers. Lung cancer and smoking are strongly associated, according to numerous studies.

Methods: Publications related to smoking and lung cancer were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) database of the Web of Science Core Collection for the period 1994-2023.

Explore the Role of Frailty as a Contributor to the Association Between AT(N) Profiles and Cognition in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: The relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathology and cognition was not exactly consistent.

Objective: To explore whether the association between AD pathology and cognition can be moderated by frailty.

Methods: We included 1711 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database.

Mechanistic insights into xanthomicrol as the active anti-HCC ingredient of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.: A network pharmacology analysis and transcriptomics integrated experimental verification.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. (PAR) is a Traditional Chinese Medicinal (TCM) plant with a broad global distribution encompassing 35 species, four of which are found in the People's Republic of China. It occupies a significant role in both Oriental and American traditional medicine, employed in treating a range of conditions such as edema, inflammation, dermatitis, and rheumatism.

An Evaluation of the Impact of Co Irradiation on Volatile Organic Compounds of Olibanum Using Gas Chromatography Ion Mobility Spectrometry.

Olibanum is a resinous traditional Chinese medicine that is directly used as a powder. It is widely used in China and is often combined with other traditional Chinese medicine powders to promote blood circulation and relieve pain, as well as to treat rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. Powdered traditional Chinese medicine is often easily contaminated by microorganisms and Co irradiation is one of the good sterilization methods.

Associations of Frailty with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: Frailty is a vulnerability state increasing the risk of many adverse health outcomes, but little is known about the effects of frailty on neuropsychiatric health.

Objective: To explore the associations between frailty and the risk of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in its different clinical stages.

Methods: We included 2,155 individuals assessed using modified frailty index-11 (mFI-11), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

Association of peripheral immunity and cerebral small vessel disease in older adults without dementia: A longitudinal study.

This study explored the associations between peripheral immunity with cerebral small vessel diseases. Older adults without dementia from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were investigated. Peripheral blood was obtained, and magnetic resonance imaging was performed to measure cerebral microbleeds (CMB), lacunar infarctions (LI), and white matter hyperintensities (WMH).

Functional role of Ash2l in oxLDL induced endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.

Endothelial injury and dysfunction in the artery wall fuel the process of atherosclerosis. As a key epigenetic regulator, Ash2l (Absent, small, or homeotic-Like 2) is involved in regulating vascular injury and its complications. However, the role of Ash2l in atherosclerosis has not yet been fully elucidated.

Associations of cerebrospinal fluid complement proteins with Alzheimer's pathology, cognition, and brain structure in non-dementia elderly.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) complement activation is a key part of neuroinflammation that occurs in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the associations of CSF complement proteins with AD pathology, cognition, and structural neuroimaging biomarkers for AD have been rarely investigated.

Methods: A total of 210 participants (125 mild cognitive impairment [MCI] patients and 85 normal controls) were included from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database who measured AD pathology, cognition, and neuroimaging at baseline and every 12 months.

Association between cerebrospinal fluid clusterin and biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in mild cognitive impairment: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Clusterin, a glycoprotein implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), remains unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) clusterin in relation to AD biomarkers using a longitudinal cohort of non-demented individuals.

Methods: We gathered a sample comprising 86 individuals under cognition normal (CN) and 134 patients diagnosed with MCI via the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database.

Omnidirectional broadband phase modulation by total internal reflection.

Phase modulation plays a crucial role in shaping optical fields and physical optics. However, traditional phase modulation techniques are highly dependent on angles and wavelengths, limiting their applicability in smart optical systems. Here, we propose a first-principle theory for achieving constant phase modulation independent of incident angle and wavelength.

Based on the multi-scale information sharing network of fine-grained attention for agricultural pest detection.

It is of great significance to identify the pest species accurately and control it effectively to reduce the loss of agricultural products. The research results of this project will provide theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the spread of pests and reducing the loss of agricultural products, and have important practical significance for improving the quality of agricultural products and increasing the output of agricultural products. At the same time, it provides a kind of effective prevention and control measures for farmers, so as to ensure the safety and health of crops.

Exogenous melatonin enhances the tolerance of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) via DNA damage repair pathway under heavy metal stress (Cd) at the sprout stage.

Heavy metal (HM) stress is a non-negligible abiotic stress that seriously restricts crop yield and quality, while the sprout stage is the most sensitive to stress and directly impacts the growth and development of the later stage. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), as an exogenous additive, enhances stress resistance due to its ability to oxidize and reduce. However, few reports on exogenous melatonin to tiger nuts under HM stress have explored whether exogenous melatonin enhances plants' resistance to heavy metals.

Emission profiles, source identifications, and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a road tunnel located in Xi'an, China.

Understanding the sources and characteristics of PM-bound PAHs from traffic-related pollution can provide valuable data for mitigating air contamination from traffic in local urban regions. However, little information on PAHs is available regarding the typical arterial highway-Qinling Mountains No.1 tunnel in Xi'an.

PARP16-Mediated Stabilization of Amyloid Precursor Protein mRNA Exacerbates Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis.

The accumulation and deposition of beta-amyloid (Aβ) are key neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). PARP16, a Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, is a known tail-anchored endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane protein that transduces ER stress during pathological processes. Here, we found that PARP16 was significantly increased in the hippocampi and cortices of APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice and hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells exposed to Aβ, suggesting a positive correlation between the progression of AD pathology and the overexpression of PARP16.

Regional Transport of PM from Coal-Fired Power Plants in the Fenwei Plain, China.

The Fenwei Plain (FWP) remains one of the worst PM-polluted regions in China, although its air quality has improved in recent years. To evaluate the regional transport characteristics of PM emitted by coal-fired power plants in the FWP in wintertime, the primary PM, SO, and NOx emissions from coal-fired power plants with large units (≥300 MW) in 11 cities of the area in January 2019 were collected based on the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS). The spatial distribution and source contribution of primary and secondary PM concentrations were investigated using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model and the California Puff (CALPUFF) model.

Age-Related Association Between APOE ɛ4 and Cognitive Progression in de novo Parkinson's Disease.

Background: APOE ɛ4 genotype was correlated with exacerbation of pathology and higher risk of dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD). Meanwhile, the differential influence of APOE ɛ4 on cognition in young and old individuals interpreted as antagonistic pleiotropy.

Objective: To examine whether the effect of APOE ɛ4 on cognitive progression in de novo PD is age dependent.

Association between air pollution and CSF sTREM2 in cognitively normal older adults: The CABLE study.

Objectives: Ambient air pollution aggravates the process of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Currently, the exact inflammatory mechanisms underlying these links from clinical research remain largely unclear.

Methods: This study included 1,131 cognitively intact individuals from the Chinese Alzheimer's Biomarker and LifestylE database with data provided on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers (amyloid beta-peptide 42 [Aβ42], total tau [t-tau], and phosphorylated tau [p-tau]), neuroinflammatory (CSF sTREM2), and systemic inflammatory markers (high sensitivity C-reactive protein and peripheral immune cells).