The therapeutic potential of recombinant ANGPTL4 in Parkinson's disease: Evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies.

Background: The established body of knowledge attests to the pivotal influence of ANGPTL4 on lipid metabolism and vascular biology. Nevertheless, its potential implication in neurodegenerative disease remains to be fully characterized.

Methods: The present investigation delves into the involvement of ANGPTL4 in the pathological progression of PD, both in vitro and in vivo.

Laparoscopic-assisted sclerotherapy in pediatric retroperitoneal lymphatic malformations.

Background: Retroperitoneal lymphatic malformations (LMs) are rare. Currently, the treatment of retroperitoneal LMs remains challenging. This study aimed to examine the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted sclerotherapy for retroperitoneal LMs in pediatric patients.

Tracking changes in image-defined risk factors during neoadjuvant chemotherapy and their predictive value for surgical outcomes based on the International Neuroblastoma Surgical Report Form.

Background: The capacity of presurgical image-defined risk factors (IDRFs) to predict secondary surgical outcomes in patients with neuroblastoma is controversial.

Methods: The International Neuroblastoma Surgical Report Form (INSRF) was employed to retrospectively collect the clinical data of 53 patients diagnosed with neuroblastoma at our hospital from April 2014 to April 2020. IDRFs were identified at the time of diagnosis and reassessed during the course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors in Children: Ten Years of Experience in Three Children's Medical Centers in Shanghai.

Objective: The aim was to describe the clinical features of extracranial germ cell tumors (GCTs) in pediatrics and study the clinical risk factors related to survival for malignant germ cell tumors (MGCTs) in order to optimize therapeutic options.

Methods: The clinical data of children with extracranial GCTs in three children's medical centers in Shanghai were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: In total, 1007 cases of extracranial GCTs diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 were included in this study, including teratomas (TERs) 706 (70.

Misdiagnosis of scrotal and retroperitoneal lymphangioma in children.

Background: Scrotal and retroperitoneal lymphangioma (SRL) in children is relatively rare and its clinical symptoms are usually difficult to distinguish from other conditions such as hydrocele and incarcerated inguinal oblique hernia. This study aimed to explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment of abdominal scrotal lymphangioma in children, and thus, to increase our understandings of this disease in clinical practice.

Method: This study enrolled nine boys, aged 1-10, who were admitted to Shanghai Children's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 and who were finally confirmed with lymphangioma in the inguinal area.

Pathogenicity of p.Phe147del in RET in familial Hirschsprung's disease.

Objective: The study aimed to explore the pathogenicity of p.Phe147del in a Hirschsprung'irschspru (HSCR) family and facilitate the deeper understanding of HSCR families.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to decipher a HSCR family.

SMAD9-MYCN positive feedback loop represents a unique dependency for MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma.

Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor occurring during childhood and high-risk NB patients have a poor prognosis. The amplified MYCN gene serves as an important determinant of a high risk of NB.

Methods: We performed an integrative screen using public NB tissue and cell line data, and identified that SMAD9 played an important role in high-risk NB.

Multi-omics integration reveals a six-malignant cell maker gene signature for predicting prognosis in high-risk neuroblastoma.

Background: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood, arising from the sympathetic nervous system. High-risk neuroblastoma (HRNB) remains a major therapeutic challenge with low survival rates despite the intensification of therapy. This study aimed to develop a malignant-cell marker gene signature (MMGS) that might serve as a prognostic indicator in HRNB patients.

The composition of the gut microbiota is altered in biliary atresia with cholangitis.

Aim: To detect the composition of the gut microbiota in biliary atresia after Kasai surgery.

Methods: Infants within six months after the Kasai operation who were diagnosed by cholangiography at Shanghai Children's Hospital were enrolled in the study. Fecal samples were collected from diapers, placed into sterile tubes in the inpatient department or outpatient department and frozen at -80°C within half an hour.

Graft-versus-host disease complicated with small bowel obstruction in children: A case report.

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a severe complication following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The clinical manifestations of GvHD can affect multiple systems. Although gastrointestinal (GI) GvHD is common, GI obstruction complications are rare.

A retrospective study about incidental appendectomy during the laparoscopic treatment of intussusception.

Purpose: We aim to see incidental appendectomy (IA) was worth or not during the laparoscopic treatment of intussusception.

Methods: This study included forty-eight patients who underwent a laparoscopic procedure for idiopathic intussusception without intestinal resection between April 2014 and April 2021. The Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables and the Student -test for continuous variables were used to analyze and compare patient characteristics.

Single-cell transcriptomics uncovers cellular architecture and developmental trajectories in hepatoblastoma.

Background And Aims: Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the predominant type of childhood liver cancer. Treatment options for the clinically advanced HB remain limited. We aimed to dissect the cellular and molecular basis underlying HB oncogenesis and heterogeneity at the single-cell level, which could facilitate a better understanding of HB at both the biological and clinical levels.

Gastric Peroral Endoscopic Pyloromyotomy for Infants With Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis.

Introduction: Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (CHPS), the most common infantile disease requiring surgical intervention, is routinely treated with open or laparoscopic pyloromyotomy. Recently, gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy (G-POEM) has been used for adult gastroparesis. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of G-POEM in treating infantile CHPS.

Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Pathological Intussusceptions in Children Prior to Surgical Intervention.

Purpose: Establish and validate a nomogram to help predict the preoperative risk of a pathological intussusception.

Methods: A primary cohort of patients who underwent surgery for an intussusception were enrolled from one center, while a validation cohort consisted of patients from another center. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the variables to build the nomogram.

The relationship between contralateral patent processus vaginalis and metachronous contralateral inguinal hernia in children with unilateral inguinal hernia: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: Laparoscopic contralateral patent processus vaginalis (CPPV) repair in children is debatable due to the high CPPV rate, but low metachronous contralateral inguinal hernia (MCIH) rate. We conducted this study to find risk factors for MCIH.

Method: We conducted a prospective, observational trial with patients recruited from Shanghai Children's Hospital.

Prognostic impact of tumor size on patients with neuroblastoma in a SEER-based study.

Objective: The prognostic value of tumor size in neuroblastoma (NB) patients has not been fully evaluated. Our purpose is to elucidate the prognostic significance of tumor size in surgery performed on neuroblastoma patients.

Methods: Neuroblastoma patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2015 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) for the study.

Teratoid Wilms Tumor and Classical Wilms Tumor: A Retrospective 10-Year Single-Center Study and Literature Review.

Background: One of the most prevalent forms of renal tumors detected among pediatric patients is the Wilms tumor (WT). Teratoid WT is a rare WT subclassification that is characterized by teratoma-like characteristics that include the features of many diverse tissue categories. Less than 70 teratoid Wilms tumor (TWT) cases have been explained up to now.

Primary omental torsion in children: single-center experience of 17 cases.

Objective: Primary omental torsion (POT) is a rare condition in children often misdiagnosed because of a lack of clinical manifestations. Here we present insights gained from the treatment of pediatric POT cases at a single center over 8 years and summarize some influencing factors found in diagnosis and treatment, in order to reduce the misdiagnosis of POT in children in the future.

Methods: Demographic and clinical data of 17 children with POT treated in Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University from June 2012 to December 2020 were reviewed.

A Comprehensive Genomic Analysis Constructs miRNA-mRNA Interaction Network in Hepatoblastoma.

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare disease but nevertheless the most common hepatic tumor in the pediatric population. For patients with advanced HB, the prognosis is dismal and there are limited therapeutic options. Multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) were reported to be involved in HB development, but the miRNA-mRNA interaction network in HB remains elusive.

DRG1 Maintains Intestinal Epithelial Cell Junctions and Barrier Function by Regulating RAC1 Activity in Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Background: An immature intestine is a high-risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which is a serious intestinal disease in newborns. The regulation of developmentally regulated GTP-binding protein 1 (DRG1) during organ development suggests a potential role of DRG1 in the maturation process of the intestine.

Aim: To illustrate the function of DRG1 during the pathogenesis of NEC.

Perianorectal abscesses and fistula due to ingested jujube pit in infant: Two case reports.

Background: About 90% of perianal infection is caused by cryptoglandular infection. Only a few cases of peritonitis or intra-abdominal abscesses secondary to perforation of the digestive tract by an ingested foreign body have been reported. The most common sites of impaction and perforation include the appendix, cecum and the terminal ileum.

Pyriform Sinus Fistula in Children: Preferred Imaging Modality and Risk Factors for Diagnostic Delay.

Diagnostic delay of pyriform sinus fistula (PSF) continues to challenge clinicians, and the preferred imaging modality is yet to be verified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the preferred imaging modality for PSF and the possible risk factors for a longer diagnostic delay. Medical records of patients with a surgically confirmed PSF from 2014 to 2018 were retrospectively evaluated.

Role of image-defined risk factors in predicting surgical complications of localized neuroblastoma.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between image-defined risk factors and surgical complications of localized neuroblastoma.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 84 patients who met the inclusion criteria at our hospitals between June 2014 and June 2019. Patients' clinic data were collected and the common terminology criteria for adverse events were used to categorize complications as major (grade 3-4) or minor (grade 1-2).