Analysis of volatile compounds in Xiangjiao baijiu from different storage containers and years based on HS-GC-IMS and DI-GC-MS.

The volatile compounds in 16 different storage containers and years of Xiangjiao Baijiu (XJBJ) were compared and analyzed via direct injection (DI) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and headspace extraction (HS) coupled with gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) for the first time. Through HS-GC-IMS analysis, it was found that the succession rules of 14 compounds such as furfural during aging process. A total of 60 compounds were identified using DI-GC-MS.

Interactions between food matrices and odorants: A review.

Currently, although odorants of various foods have been thoroughly studied, the regulation of food aromas is still difficult due to the interaction between odorants and food matrices. These complex matrices in food may interact with odorants to change the volatility of odorants, which in turn affect food aroma. Clarifying the interaction between them are promising for predicting food aroma formation, which will provide valuable support for a high-efficiency food industry.

Relatively reliable and rapid identification of colorant compounds in food matrices by HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS combined with theoretical calculation.

A new convenient method for identifying colorant compounds (CCs) in food matrices was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HPLC-DAD-Q/TOF-MS) combined with theoretical calculations. A model sample containing three typical CCs was completely separated via HPLC-DAD. The obtained 3D ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra revealed the maximum absorption wavelengths (MAWs) of all CCs (yellow, 430 nm; red, 520 nm; blue, 620 nm) in the range of 400-800 nm, and their colors were determined based on their MAWs.

Study on Interaction of Aromatic Substances and Correlation between Electroencephalogram Correlates of Odor Perception in Light Flavor Baijiu.

Light-flavor Baijiu (LFB) is widely cherished for its flavor. This study identified the thresholds of 14 aroma compounds in a 52% ethanol-water matrix and conducted a comprehensive analysis of the interactions among key aroma compounds in LFB using the Feller additive model and odor activity values approach. Among them, the interactions of β-damascenone with ester and alcohol compounds were primarily promotive, while the interaction with acid compounds was predominantly masking.

Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants with Different Counterions-modified Montmorillonite for Efficient Removal of Methyl Orange.

Organic Na-montmorillonite (OMt-12-2-12·2Y , Y=CH CO , C H COO and Br ) modified by a series of Gemini quaternary ammonium surfactants with different counterions was prepared for enhancing the adsorption capacity of methyl orange. Compared with the initial adsorption capacity of 5.251 mg/g of Na-Mt, the adsorption effect of OMts under the optimal conditions increased by about 31~34 times.

Comparative study on key odorants of Jiujiang Fenggang Huangjiu and their succession regularities during aging using sensory-directed flavor analysis.

Huangjiu was a Chinese national alcohol with a unique flavor. The key odorants in Jiujiang Fenggang Huangjiu (JJFG) and their succession regularities during aging were systematically researched by a sensomics analysis approach. The volatiles of JJFG were isolated by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation, 77 odorants were identified using gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry combined with odor-specific magnitude estimation.

Sarsasapogenin blocks ox-LDL-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through suppressing STIM1 expression.

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a pathological vascular disorder responsible for the majority of cardiovascular deaths. Sarsasapogenin (Sar) is a natural steroidal compound which has been extensively applied to multiple human diseases due to its pharmacological properties. In the present paper, the impacts of Sar on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and its possible action mechanism were investigated.

Organo-Montmorillonite Modified by Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants with Different Counterions for Adsorption toward Phenol.

The discharge of industrial phenol pollutants causes great harm to the natural environment and human health. In this study, phenol removal from water was studied via the adsorption of Na-montmorillonite (Na-Mt) modified by a series of Gemini quaternary ammonium surfactants with different counterions [(CHCONH(CH)N (CH)(CH) N(CH) (CH)NHCOCH·2Y, Y = CHCO, CHCOO and Br, 12-2-12·2Y]. The results of the phenol adsorption indicated that MMt-12-2-12·2Br, MMt-12-2-12·2CHCO and MMt-12-2-12·2CHCOO reached the optimum adsorption capacity, which was 115.

Green Synthesis, Surface Activity, Micellar Aggregation, and Foam Properties of Amide Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants.

A series of amide quaternary ammonium surfactants with the formula C HCONH(CH)N(CH)·CHCO ( = 9, 11, 13, 15) were synthesized using a fatty acid, ,-dimethylethylenediamine, and a green reagent dimethyl carbonate. A comparative study of the four surfactants in terms of surface activity, aggregation characteristics, and foam properties was conducted. The results show that these amide quaternary ammonium surfactants reduce the surface tension of water to a minimum value of 23.

Preparation of Piper nigrum Microcapsules by Spray Drying and Optimization with Response Surface Methodology.

To overcome the problems of incomplete flavor components from Piper nigrum extract and the Piper nigrum product easy deterioration in the storage process, microcapsules of the whole Piper nigrum were prepared by spray-drying combined with enzymatic hydrolysis. Under the best conditions for the microencapsulation obtained by the response surface methodology, which have been determined as the ratio of core and wall material (1:0.2, w/w), proportion of wall materials (starch sodium octenyl succinate : maltodextrin : xanthan gum) (1:1:0.

A sphingolipid-mTORC1 nutrient-sensing pathway regulates animal development by an intestinal peroxisome relocation-based gut-brain crosstalk.

The mTOR-dependent nutrient-sensing and response machinery is the central hub for animals to regulate their cellular and developmental programs. However, equivalently pivotal nutrient and metabolite signals upstream of mTOR and developmental-regulatory signals downstream of mTOR are not clear, especially at the organism level. We previously showed glucosylceramide (GlcCer) acts as a critical nutrient and metabolite signal for overall amino acid levels to promote development by activating the intestinal mTORC1 signaling pathway.

Ultrafast interfacial charge evolution of the Type-II cadmium Sulfide/Molybdenum disulfide heterostructure for photocatalytic hydrogen production.

The interfacial charge dynamics was crucial for semiconductor heterostructure photocatalysis. Through the rational design of the heterostructure interface, heterojunction expressed variable recombination and migration dynamics for excited carriers. Herein, followed by a typical chemical bath strategy with the hexagonal cadmium sulfide (CdS) overlapped on the exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS) film, we developed a cadmium sulfide/molybdenum disulfide (CdS-MoS) nano-heterojunction and investigated the interfacial charge dynamics for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Faeces from malnourished colorectal cancer patients accelerate cancer progression.

Backgroud: Malnutrition has been confirmed to play an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression via the gut microenvironment. However, the characteristics of the gut microbiota or its potential biological mechanism in CRC remain inconclusive.

Methods: In this work, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) tool and 16sRNA sequencing were prepared to detect the variation in gut microbiota and the association between nutrition status and gut microbiota.

Investigating the active sites in molybdenum anchored nitrogen-doped carbon for alkaline oxygen evolution reaction.

Developing durable and efficient non-precious-metal based catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is highly desirable in the field of electrocatalysis. In this work, a series of novel Mo anchored N-doped carbon catalysts (denoted as Mo/NC-T) were prepared starting from the zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8) precursor. Firstly, Mo doped ZIF-8 precursor (Mo/ZIF-8) with a regular polyhedron structure was formed through a simple ion-exchange method process between molybdenum pentachloride (MoCl) and ZIF-8.

Influence of Inorganic Salts and pH on Surface Activity of Biodegradable Amido Gemini Amine Oxide Surfactant.

The present study was designed to provide information regarding the influences of pH and inorganic salts on the surface activity of the amido Gemini amine oxide surfactants, the formula of which was C H CONH(CH)NO(CH)-(CH)-(CH)NO(CH)NHCOC H (n=11, 13, 15, and 17). Their biodegradability was also investigated. The results showed that the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the corresponding surface tension (γ) changed regularly with the increase of the mass concentration of NaCl and CaCl.

Controlled preparation of hollow ZnCdS nanospheres modified by NiS nanosheets for superior photocatalytic hydrogen production.

Developing durable and efficient photocatalysts for H evolution is highly desirable to expedite current research on solar-chemical energy conversion. In this work, a novel photocatalytic H evolution system based on ZnCdS/NiS nanocomposite was rationally designed for the first time. In this advanced composite structure, NiS nanosheets as a co-catalyst were intimately coupled to the inner surface of the hollow spherical ZnCdS.

Insight into the amorphous nickel-iron (oxy)hydroxide catalyst for efficient oxygen evolution reaction.

The specific roles of Ni and Fe in nickel-iron (oxy)hydroxide catalyst (NiFeO(OH)) are extensively discussed during oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, there still remains controversy about whether Ni or Fe species as the dominate active site. In this work, we reported the NiFeO(OH) catalysts with varied atomic ratio of nickel and iron for OER to explore the dominate active site during OER processes.

Synthesis and pH-stimuli responsive research of gemini amine-oxide surfactants containing amides.

The series of gemini amine-oxide surfactants with the formula C HCONH(CH)NO(CH)-(CH)-(CH)NO(CH)NHCOC H ( = 11, 13, 15, and 17) has been synthesized successfully. Their isoelectric point and acid dissociation constant were measured to determine the ionization form of the surfactant molecules in aqueous solution within different pH values. The studies showed that the length of the hydrophobic alkyl chains had a great influence on the pH-stimuli responsive behavior of these surfactants.

Surface Activities, Antibacterial Activity and Corrosion Inhibition Properties of Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants with Amido Group and Carboxylic Counterions.

A series of gemini quaternary ammonium surfactants containing carboxylate counterion with the formula CHCONH(CH)N(CH)(CH)N(CH)(CH) NHCO CH·2Y (Y=HCOO, CHCOO, CHCHOHCOO) have been synthesized by a counterion conversion process and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. It is found that these surfactants reduce the surface tension of water to a minimum value of 26.78 mN·m at a concentration of 1.

[Preparation of monoclonal antibody against human CD33 by immunizing mice with recombinant vector].

Objective To prepare a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against human CD33 by immunizing mice with recombinant vector and analyze its characteristics and clinical application. Methods The eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+)/CD33 was constructed and used to immunize mice.

The surface adsorption, aggregate structure and antibacterial activity of Gemini quaternary ammonium surfactants with carboxylic counterions.

A group of Gemini quaternary ammonium surfactants with the formula C HCONH(CH)N(CH)(CH)N(CH)(CH) NHCOC H · 2Y ( = 11, 13 and 15, Y = HCOO, CHCOO and CHCHOHCOO) have been synthesized by a counterion conversion process and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy. Their adsorption and self-aggregation properties are investigated by surface tension, conductivity, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. The results show that these surfactants reduce the surface tension of water to a minimum value of 26.

Identification and Functional Evaluation of miR-4633-5p as a Biomarker and Tumor Suppressor in Metastatic Melanoma.

Background/aims: Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SMM) is a rare but extremely aggressive disease. Interestingly, however, as lethal as SMM, a few patients could survive for over 5 years without metastasis. However, biomarkers for metastatic SMM are lacking.

Expressions and clinical significance of HER4 and CD44 in sinonasal mucosal malignant melanoma.

Sinonasal mucosal malignant melanoma (SNMMM) is a rare disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of HER4 and CD44 in human SNMMM tissues and their relationship with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients. In total, 64 paraffin-embedded samples of SNMMM treated in our hospital from 29 December 1999 to 24 June 2011 were collected.

Anti-diabetic effect of extract on 57BL/KsJ db-/db- mice.

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood glucose levels. Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may disrupt insulin signaling and result in insulin resistance. The extract (AOE) possesses powerful antioxidant activity and may therefore inhibit the development of insulin resistance.

[Construction of eukaryotic expression vector of human CD34 and establishment of stably transfected cell line].

Aim: To construct eukaryotic expression vector of human CD34 and transfect it to 3T3 cells so as to establish stably transfected 3T3 cell line.

Methods: The RNA was extracted from KG1a. CD34 gene was amplified by RT-PCR.