A biodegradable magnesium phosphate cement incorporating chitosan and rhBMP-2 designed for bone defect repair.

Background: The repair of bone defects has always been a significant challenge in clinical medicine. To address this challenge, doctors often utilize autologous bone grafts, allogeneic bone grafts and artificial bone substitutes. However, the former two methods may result in additional trauma and complications, while allogeneic bone grafts carry the risks of immune rejection and disease transmission.

A Turbo-Charging System-Like Contrast Agent for MRI-Guided STING Pathway-Activated Cancer Immunotherapy.

To overcome the problems of Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs) (nephrotoxicity and brain deposition) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists (poor stability, low delivery efficiency, and potential toxicity), in this study, a Turbo-charging system-like GBCA is designed and constructed for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided STING pathway-activated cancer immunotherapy. Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) is used to coordinate with Gd, forming a Gd/PAA macrochelate. Both Gd/PAA macrochelate and SR717 are conjugated to cystamine (CA) to obtain SR717-CA@Gd/PAA self-assembled nanoparticles (SAN), which are termed as Turbo S because of its similarity with the Turbo-charging system of cars.

CNN-Informer: A hybrid deep learning model for seizure detection on long-term EEG.

Timely detecting epileptic seizures can significantly reduce accidental injuries of epilepsy patients and offer a novel intervention approach to improve their quality of life. Investigation on seizure detection based on deep learning models has achieved great success. However, there still remain challenging issues, such as the high computational complexity of the models and overfitting caused by the scarce availability of ictal electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for training.

Revealing the fast reaction kinetics and interfacial behaviors of CuFeS hollow nanorods for durable and high-rate sodium storage.

The synergistic effect of two metallic elements in metal sulfides is regarded as a promising route for constructing advanced anodes for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, the explorations of intricate interactions and structural evolution in host material are often overlooked, which are crucial for the performance optimization. Herein, a bimetallic sulfide CuFeS and FeS/CuS heterostructure with similar hollow nanorods morphology is obtained by regulating sulfuration conditions.

Discovery of PANoptosis-related signatures correlates with immune cell infiltration in psoriasis.

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease that relapses frequently. Keratinocyte apoptosis dysregulation plays a crucial role in the pathological mechanisms of psoriasis. PANoptosis is a process with intermolecular interaction among pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis.

Internal audit quality and accounting information comparability: Evidence from China.

This study employs the impact and mechanism of internal audit quality on the comparability of corporate accounting information. Using manually collected internal audit data, the study focuses on non-financial listed companies of A-share market spanning from 2007 to 2022 in China. The findings are as follows: (1) Internal audit significantly enhances the comparability of accounting information, the higher the quality of internal audit, the more pronounced its contribution.

A sustainable lignin-clay nano-absorbent for highly efficient methylene blue removal.

Water pollution caused by toxic dyes such as methylene blue (MB) has become a bottleneck for recycling or reusing enormous industrial wastewater. Designing a green and cost-effective bio-absorbent for the highly efficient removal of MB from wastewater is crucial but remains a great challenge. In this study, abundant, inexpensive, and environmentally benign lignin and bentonite were used as starting materials, and quaternary and amphiphilic lignin as a network macromolecule was designed to be inserted into the galleries of the stacked bentonite clay to prepare lignin-bentonite nanohybrids.

Effective drug design screening in bacterial glycolytic enzymes via targeting alternative allosteric sites.

Three glycolytic enzymes phosphofructokinase (PFK), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GADPH) and pyruvate kinase (PK) that belong to Staphylococcus aureus were used as targets for screening a dataset composed of 7229 compounds of which 1416 were FDA-approved. Instead of catalytic sites, evolutionarily less conserved allosteric sites were targeted to identify compounds that would selectively bind the bacteria's glycolytic enzymes instead of the human host. Seven different allosteric sites provided by three enzymes were used in independent screening experiments via docking.

A convenient approach for generating dimeric nucleic acid dyes via click-chemistry.

Fluorescent dyes are essential tools for visualizing DNA and RNA. Dimeric dyes like GelGreen have gained popularity as safer alternatives to ethidium bromide (EB) due to their reduced mutagenicity and genotoxicity. In this study, we present a straightforward method to synthesize novel acridine orange (AO)-based dimeric dyes using click chemistry.

A competing-risk nomogram for predicting gastric cancer-specific survival in patients over 70 years: A SEER-based study.

Background: Cancer-specific survival in older patients with gastric cancer is competitively affected by death from other causes. This study aimed to investigate cancer-specific survival and associated risk factors by competing-risk analysis in older patients with gastric cancer.

Methods: The data of this study are from the SEER database, using univariable and multivariable analysis of competitive risk model to weaken the impact of competitive events, explore the risk factors of cancer-specific survival, and developed a nomogram model.

Search for the Z Boson Decay to ττμμ in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

The first search for the Z boson decay to ττμμ at the CERN LHC is presented, based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}. The data are compatible with the predicted background. For the first time, an upper limit at the 95% confidence level of 6.

Re-evaluating retrosynthesis algorithms with Syntheseus.

Automated synthesis planning has recently re-emerged as a research area at the intersection of chemistry and machine learning. Despite the appearance of steady progress, we argue that imperfect benchmarks and inconsistent comparisons mask systematic shortcomings of existing techniques, and unnecessarily hamper progress. To remedy this, we present a synthesis planning library with an extensive benchmarking framework, called SYNTHESEUS, which promotes best practice by default, enabling consistent meaningful evaluation of single-step and multi-step synthesis planning algorithms.

Interpretable Surrogate Learning for Electronic Material Generation.

Despite many accessible AI models that have been developed, it is an open challenge to fully exploit interpretable insights to enable effective materials design and develop materials with desired properties for target applications. Here, we introduce an interpretable surrogate learning framework that can actively design and generate electronic materials (EMGen), akin to producing updated materials with requirements by screening all possible elements and fractions. Taking the materials system with required band gaps as a case study, EMGen exhibits a benchmarking predictive error and a running time of 1.

Preliminary Study of Radionuclide-Labeled MerTK-Targeting PET Imaging Agents for the Diagnosis of Melanoma.

MerTK PET imaging holds potential as a promising approach for assessing tumor aggressiveness and monitoring treatment response. In this study, we synthesized a series of F- and Ga-labeled tracers derived from MerTK inhibitors for detection of MerTK expression. Among the synthesized agents, the dimeric compounds [Ga] and [Ga] demonstrated good and stability, high affinities to the MerTK receptor, and good MerTK-targeting specificity.

Impact of an extended light regimen imposed during nursery period on the performance and lipid metabolism of weanling pigs.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of a prolonged photoperiod on the growth performance and lipid metabolism of weaned piglets.

Methods: Twenty-four piglets weaned at 28 days of age were randomly dichotomized into two groups that were alternatively subjected to either long photoperiod (LP) group (16 L:8 D) or short photoperiod (SP) group (10 L:14 D) for 42days. Four replicates of three animals per replicates were used per experimental treatment.

A 3D-Printed Bionic Membrane with Autonomously Passive Unidirectional Liquid Transfer Capability for Water Condensation, Collection, and Purification.

Interfacial solar vapor generation is a promising technology for alleviating the current global water crisis, and the evaporation rate and efficiency have approached the theoretical limit. In a practical interfacial evaporation water purification system, the collection rate of purified water is typically lower than the evaporation rate. Passive collection devices based on gravity are susceptible to environmental influences and exhibit low collection efficiency, while active collection devices consuming external energy suffer from complex device systems and extra energy consumption.

Causal association between insulin sensitivity index and Alzheimer's disease.

Evidence from observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies suggested that insulin resistance (IR) was associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the causal effects of different indicators of IR on AD remain inconsistent. Here, we aim to assess the causal association between the insulin sensitivity index (ISI), a measure of post-prandial IR, and the risk of AD.