Overcoming CD226-related immune evasion in acute myeloid leukemia with CD38 CAR-engineered NK cells.

CD226 plays a vital role in natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, interacting with its ligands CD112 and CD155 to initiate immune synapse formation, primarily through leukocyte function-associated-1 (LFA-1). Our study examined the role of CD226 in NK cell surveillance of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). NK cells in patients with AML had lower expression of CD226.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

Controllable Droplet Splitting with Parallel-Plate Optoelectrowetting Chips.

Recent advances in microfluidic technology highlight electrowetting for its programmability and precision. However, traditional electrowetting chips face limitations in scalability due to fixed electrode sizes. Optoelectrowetting (OEW) offers a solution with light-controlled virtual electrodes, but droplet splitting remains challenging.

Mechanisms of tandem duplication in the cancer genome.

Tandem duplications (TD) are among the most frequent type of structural variant (SV) in the cancer genome. They are characterized by a single breakpoint junction that defines the boundaries and the size of the duplicated segment. Cancer-associated TDs often increase oncogene copy number or disrupt tumor suppressor gene function, and thus have important roles in tumor evolution.

RBM47 promotes cell proliferation and immune evasion by upregulating PDIA6: a novel mechanism of pancreatic cancer progression.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal malignancy characterized by poor prognosis and high mortality. We found the highly expressed RNA-binding motif protein 47 (RBM47) in PC progression. The RBM47 expression was negatively correlated with natural killer (NK) cell infiltrate in PC.

High-performance supercapacitors based on coarse nanofiber bundle and ordered network hydrogels.

Most of the developed flexible hydrogel supercapacitors struggle to maintain their electrochemical stability and structural integrity under tensile strain. Therefore, developing a flexible supercapacitor with excellent mechanical properties and stable electrochemical performance under different strains remains a challenge. Based on the previous cartilage-like structure, we designed a new coarse nanofiber bundle and ordered network.

Evaluating virtual reality anatomy training for novice anesthesiologists in performing ultrasound-guided brachial plexus blocks: a pilot study.

Background: Developing proficiency in ultrasound-guided nerve block (UGNB) demands an intricate understanding of cross-sectional anatomy as well as spatial reasoning, which is a big challenge for beginners. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of virtual reality (VR)-facilitated anatomy education in the first performance of ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus blockade among novice anesthesiologists. We carried out pilot testing of this hypothesis using a prospective, single blind, randomized controlled trial.

Protocol of an adaptive mobile health intervention for the management of gestational weight gain: The LEAP cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: More than half of pregnant patients with overweight or obesity exceed national gestational weight gain (GWG) guidelines, increasing their risk of adverse outcomes. There is an urgent need to develop effective and scalable interventions to improve GWG.

Objective: To describe the protocol of Lifestyle, Eating, and Activity in Pregnancy (LEAP), a cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating a mobile health (mHealth) intervention promoting appropriate GWG in an integrated healthcare system.

Deep eutectic solvent and styrene copolymer-shelled magnetic microspheres for the capture of Ovomucoid in foods and their interactions.

FeO is a cost-effective and strong magnetic core, meanwhile polymerizable deep eutectic solvents (PDESs) are considered to have excellent performance and biocompatibility in separation and material fields. Therefore, the aim was to prepare magnetic microspheres (P(DES-co-St)@FeO) with FeO as the core and PDESs (choline chloride/acrylic acid, 1:2; choline chloride/itaconic acid, 1:1)-styrene (St) copolymer as the shell for binding of target protein. The resulting microspheres exhibited ideal magnetic responsiveness (14.

Remodeling the Inflammatory and Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment for Enhancing Antiangiogenic Gene Therapy of Colorectal Cancer.

Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), as an intestinal pathogenic bacterium, is closely related to the occurrence, progression, and limited therapeutic efficacy of colorectal cancer (CRC). The presence of Fn within CRC communities induces an inflammatory and immunosuppressive microenvironment while promoting new vessel formation. Therefore, developing novel methods to efficiently eliminate Fn and enhance the therapeutic outcomes against Fn-associated CRC is of great significance.

[Bushen Huoxue Decoction regulates ADSCs-Exos to affect nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis and ERK signaling pathway in intervertebral disc degeneration].

This study aims to investigate the effects of Bushen Huoxue Decoction regulating adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)-exosomes(Exos) on the apoptosis of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) signaling pathway. Tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide(TBHP)-induced NPCs were divided into control, model, drug-containing serum, blank Exos, normal serum Exos, and drug-containing serum Exos groups. Cell viability and proliferation were examined by the CCK-8 assay and EdU staining, respectively.

Neddylation drives myofibrillogenesis in the developing heart.

Neddylation is a highly conserved post-translational modification that plays critical roles in various cellular processes through the modulation of cullins and non-cullin substrates. While neddylation is known to be essential for embryonic development, tumor growth, and organogenesis of different tissues, its role in cardiogenesis remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the role of neddylation in early cardiac development by deleting the gene encoding a regulatory subunit of the NEDD8-specific E1 activating enzyme, Nae1, globally and in a heart-specific fashion via Nkx2-5.

Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of QTLs for Stigma Exsertion Rate in Rice.

Stigma exsertion rate (SER) is a crucial trait that influences the seed production of hybrid rice by determining the outcrossing ability of male sterile lines (MSLs). However, the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying SER are still poorly understood. In this study, we identified 14 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from B805D-MR-16-8-3 (B805D) and Hua6S.

AthRiboNC: an Arabidopsis database for ncRNAs with coding potential revealed from ribosome profiling.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are traditionally considered incapable of encoding proteins, but new evidence suggests that small open reading frames (sORFs) within ncRNAs can actually encode biologically functional small peptides. Despite growing recognition of their importance, a systematic exploration of plant ncRNAs with coding potential has remained largely uncharted territory, especially in the context of their translational activities. By collecting and analyzing Ribo-Seq data from 226 Arabidopsis thaliana samples, we have integrated extensive information on Arabidopsis ncRNAs with coding potential and developed the AthRiboNC database, a novel and dedicated database that consolidates extensive information on ncRNAs with coding potential in Arabidopsis.

Optimizing s-p Orbital Overlap between Sodium Polysulfides and Single-Atom Indium Catalyst for Efficient Sulfur Redox Reaction.

P-block metal carbon-supported single-atom catalysts (C-SACs) have emerged as a promising candidate for high-performance room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries, due to their high atom utilization and unique electronic structure. However, the ambiguous electronic-level understanding of Na-dominant s-p hybridization between sodium polysulfides (NaPSs) and p-block C-SACs limits the precise control of coordination environment tuning and electro-catalytic activity manipulation. Here, s-p orbital overlap degree (OOD) between the s orbitals of Na in NaPSs and the p orbitals of p-block C-SACs is proposed as a descriptor for sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) and sulfur oxidation reaction (SOR).

Sulforaphane regulation autophagy-mediated pyroptosis in autoimmune hepatitis via AMPK/mTOR pathway.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a liver disease marked by inflammation of unknown origin. If untreated, it can progress to cirrhosis or liver failure, posing a significant health risk. Currently, effective drug therapies are lacking in clinical practice.

Detection of African swine fever virus antibodies using p11.5 and p14.5 protein-based indirect ELISA.

African swine fever (ASF), which is caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). There are currently no effective vaccines or therapies for ASF; rapid diagnosis has become an important way to control the disease. The p11.

Research on the Structural and Magnetic Phase Transitions of CeMnGe Alloy.

Magnetic phase transitions play crucial roles in various material applications, including sensors, actuators, information storage, magnetic refrigeration, and so on. Typically, these magnetic phase transitions exhibit discontinuous first-order phase transitions. When a material undergoes a magnetic phase transition, it often exhibits simultaneous changes in both its crystal and electronic structures.

Identification of suitable vegetation restoration areas and carrying capacity thresholds on the Loess Plateau.

The Loess Plateau is one of the most ecologically fragile areas in the world. It has long faced the twin dilemmas of ecological degradation and water resource shortage. In recent decades, large-scale vegetation restoration projects have been carried out on the Loess Plateau with the aim of improving the ecological environment.

Impact of Pre-existing Anti-polyethylene Glycol Antibodies on the Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of a COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine (Comirnaty) In Vivo.

The presence of anti-polyethylene glycol (anti-PEG) antibodies can hinder the therapeutic efficacy of PEGylated drugs. With the widespread use of a PEGylated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger RNA vaccine (Comirnaty), the impact of pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies on vaccine potency has become a point of debate. To investigate this, we established mouse models with pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies and divided them into 3 groups: group 1 with anti-PEG immunoglobulin G + immunoglobulin M concentrations of 0.

Drip irrigation affects soil bacteria primarily through available nitrogen and soil fungi mainly via available nutrients.

The issue of water scarcity is a global concern. Water-saving irrigation has long been a topic of interest among agricultural researchers. In this study, changes in soil microbial community structure and diversity under different periods of drip irrigation were analyzed using the Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform and 16S rRNA gene sequence amplification.

The concept of cone opponency may extend beyond accommodation, to myopiagenesis and emmetropization, for a better peripheral defocus lens.

Myopia has ever-rising prevalence in the past few decades globally. Its pathogenesis is still not adequately elucidated especially at the signal transduction level. For the environmental risk factors, there is a large body of fragmented knowledge about the visual inputs for accommodation, myopiagenesis and emmetropization, with the latter two being essentially local processes.

Semiquantitative muscle parameters derived from FAPI and FDG PET/CT in evaluating sarcopenia among patients with malignant tumors.

Background: The objective of this study is to explore and compare the potential utility of fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) and fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography (CT) in assessing sarcopenia among patients with malignant tumors.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 127 patients with histologically confirmed malignant tumors who underwent both 18F/68Ga-FAPI and fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT scans. Clinical characteristics and PET/CT parameters of maximum and mean standard uptake value (SUVmax and SUVmean) of muscle at the 3rd lumbar (L3) level were reviewed.

Photoaging Decoded: Extracellular Matrix Alterations and Mechanisms via Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/Matrix Metalloproteinase, Transforming Growth Factor-β Pathways, and Glycosaminoglycan Metabolism.

Photoaged skin features an appearance of premature aging induced by external factors, mainly ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Visible aging signs and increased susceptibility to skin-related diseases triggered by UV irradiation have raised widespread concern. As a critical component of human skin, the extracellular matrix (ECM) provides essential structural, mechanical, and functional support to the tissue.

Oral switch vs. continued intravenous antibiotic therapy in patients with bacteraemia and sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Bacteraemia and sepsis have traditionally required continued intravenous (IV) antibiotics.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate if early transition to oral antibiotics is non-inferior to continued IV antibiotic therapy in treating patients with bacteraemia and sepsis.

Data Sources: Data sources include MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Wanfang databases from inception to 13 July 2024, along with clinical trial registries and Google.