Short-Term Dietary Caffeine Intake for Alleviating Symptoms of Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Randomised Controlled Comparison With Alpha-Lipoic Acid.

Objective: This study investigates whether daily supplementation of 120-150 mg of caffeine can relieve symptoms of Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) compared to alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) and a control group.

Methods: In this randomised controlled trial, 118 BMS patients were divided into three groups: caffeine, ALA, and control. The caffeine group received 120-150 mg of caffeine daily, the ALA group received 200 mg of ALA three times daily, and the control group received no interventions.

Strategy for the Selection of Tank-Mix Adjuvants to Improve the Wettability of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Sprayed Liquids on Citrus Leaf Surfaces.

The past decade has witnessed a growth spurt in aerial pesticide application by plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, compared to the traditional ground application, their operation characteristics of low capacity and high concentration put forward rather higher requirements for the wettability of pesticide solutions on the target crop surface, which was a critical link to the pesticide efficiency. Tank mix of adjuvants is a common measure to modify the spray liquid wettability during foliar pesticide application.

Identification and mechanism analysis of biomarkers related to butyrate metabolism in COVID-19 patients.

Background: Butyrate may inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and affect the development of COVID-19. However, there have been no systematic comprehensive analyses of the role of butyrate metabolism-related genes (BMRGs) in COVID-19.

Methods: We performed differential expression analysis of BMRGs in the brain, liver and pancreas of COVID-19 patients and controls in GSE157852 and GSE151803.

High-Throughput Proteoform Imaging for Revealing Spatial-Resolved Changes in Brain Tissues Associated with Alzheimer's Disease.

Spatially resolved characterization of proteoforms has substantial potential to significantly advance the understanding of physiological and disease mechanisms. However, challenges remain regarding throughput and coverage. A robust method is developed for high-throughput proteoform imaging (HTPi) by combining matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) and region-specific top-down proteomic analysis.

TRIM66-HP1γ remodels the chromatin through phase separation.

Chromatin contains not only heterochromatin (HC) and euchromatins (EC) but also facultative heterochromatin (fHC), which experience the dynamic remodeling between HCs and ECs by different regulators. The regulation of fHCs involves lots of different cell functions, like genomic stability and gene transcription. Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) recognizes methylated H3K9 and reshapes the chromatin into the fHCs through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS).

Effect of adipose-derived stem cells exosomes cross-linked chitosan-αβ-glycerophosphate thermosensitive hydrogel on deep burn wounds.

Background: Burn wound management is challenging, and while mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes show therapeutic potential, optimal delivery methods are unclear.

Aim: To study chitosan (CS)-αβ-glycerophosphate (CS-αβ-GP) hydrogel crosslinked with adipose-derived stem cell exosomes (ASC-Exos) for healing deep burn injuries.

Methods: Rats with deep burn injuries were divided into the CS + ASCs-Exos group, the ASCs-Exos group, the CS group, and the control group.

Aberrant Inflammatory Cells of Peripheral Blood in Nasal Inverted Papilloma.

Introduction: Nasal inverted papilloma (NIP) is a common nasal benign tumor, with a complex pathogenesis closely linked to inflammatory response. It can be classified into Grade-I and Grade-II phenotypes based on nasal epithelium abnormality. Our objective is to investigate potential inflammatory biomarkers in peripheral blood of NIP patients for preoperative assessment of disease severity.

A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Latent Growth Curve Models for Children With a Diagnosis of Asthma.

Introduction: This study examined lung function trajectory (FEV1 % predicted) in children with asthma and explored the influence of sex and asthma control on these trajectories.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study used a latent growth curve model (LGCM) to analyze the FEV1 trajectory in children with asthma.

Results: FEV1 followed a quadratic trajectory with significant individual variability.

Towards effective Pd nanoparticles immobilization on NH-MIL-53(Al) coated cellulose fiber: A stable and efficient catalyst for Suzuki reaction.

The modification of cotton fibers with sodium chloroacetate, followed by the incorporation of NH-MIL-53(Al) through covalent bonding, has been successfully developed as a support for the immobilization of palladium nanoparticles. The integration of NH-MIL-53(Al) into cellulose enhanced the specific surface area and introduced a significant number of amino groups and pore structures, which physically isolated the metal sites. Additionally, the introduction of nitrogen heteroatoms offers numerous anchoring points, effectively preventing the loss and aggregation of the metal species.

Regulation of the Endocytosis System Using Ultrathin g-CN Nanosheets for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy of Glioma.

Glioma is the most aggressive form of brain cancer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising treatment method for glioma; however, its efficacy is often hindered by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the need for precise tumor cell targeting. In the present study, a facile strategy is found to enhance the penetration of the BBB and the internalization efficiency by exfoliating the (100) crystal plane of g-CN (CN) using liquid nitrogen, resulting in ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride (CN12) nanosheets with hydroxyl-rich surfaces.

A review on As-contaminated soil remediation using waste biomass feedstock-based biochar and metal-modified biochar.

Arsenic (As) is a carcinogen that threatens ecosystems and human health. Due to its high adsorption, and microporosity, biochar is widely available for soil remediation. This review significantly summarizes the current status of waste biomass feedstock-based biochar and metal-modified biochar for As-contaminated soil remediation.

Cleavage of the selective autophagy receptor NBR1 by the PDCoV main protease NSP5 impairs autophagic degradation of the viral envelope protein.

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes severe diarrhea in neonatal piglets worldwide and presents a significant public health threat due to its potential for cross-species transmission. Selective macroautophagy/autophagy, mediated by autophagy receptors such as NBR1 (NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor), plays a key role in restricting viral infection and modulating the host immune response. In this study, we revealed that overexpression of NBR1 inhibits PDCoV replication, while its knockdown increases viral titers.

Azithromycin for eradication of and prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of azithromycin in eradicating and preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants.

Design: Six literature databases and three clinical trial registration platforms were searched for studies up to 22 July 2024. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan V.

Fibronectin Mediates Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Retina Angiogenesis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in pathological retinal angiogenesis and identify key molecular mediators in retina angiogenesis.

Methods: RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed on retinal tissue from an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model to analyze gene expression patterns. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was used to examine the correlation between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis gene sets.

Visible-Light-Mediated Radical α-C(sp)─H -Difluoroallylation of Amides with Trifluoromethyl Alkenes via Halogen Atom Transfer and 1,5-Hydrogen Atom Transfer.

Direct -difluoroallylation at the α-carbonyl position is a challenging process by conventional methods. Herein we report the photocatalytic radical α-C(sp)─H -difluoroallylation of amides with trifluoromethyl alkenes to access the target compounds with good yields and functional group tolerance. The mild and effective conditions allow -difluoroalkene motifs as carbonyl bioisosteres incorporated concisely to some complex molecules, including gemfibrozil and estrone derivatives, presenting great potential for late-stage functionalization of drugs, natural products, and bioactive intermediates.

Fabricating Remote-Controllable Dynamic Ionomer/CNT Networks via Cation-π Interaction for Multi-Responsive Shape Memory and Self-Healing Capacities.

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) with remotely controllable triggering capabilities are crucial for actuating applications in biomedical and aeronautic devices. This work presents a novel ionomer/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite network with exceptional remotely controllable shape memory effects (SMEs) and self-healing capabilities. By integrating quaternary ammonium (QA) units covalently bonded to crystalline polycaprolactone (PCL) segments through a chain extension reaction, we not only enabled the formation of ion clusters that act as netpoints in PCLQA ionomers to achieve superior SMEs, but also facilitated the generation of cation-π interactions when the multiresponsive CNTs were incorporated into the PCLQA ionomer matrix.

MiR-3202-DTL signaling axis impedes NSCLC malignancy via regulating the ubiquitination-proteasome degradation of p21.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a highly prevalent and aggressive malignancy, where early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention are pivotal for enhancing patient prognosis. Nonetheless, the lack of reliable biomarkers remains a substantial hurdle in clinical practice. In this study, we identified dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in NSCLC, revealing a significant downregulation of miR-3202 and an upregulation of miR-3182.

Enhanced Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Tobacco Stalk via Simultaneous Deconstruction and Modification through Triton X-100-mediated Organosolv Pretreatment.

Tobacco stalks (TS) present substantial potential for biofuel and biochemical production; however, their complex lignin structures and tightly bound carbohydrates pose significant challenges for enzymatic hydrolysis due to high recalcitrance. This study explores Triton-X 100-mediated 1,4-butanediol combined with AlCl3 pretreatment for TS fractionation towards improving enzymatic hydrolysis. Optimized pretreatment conditions achieved a significant removal of 87.

Acoustic-fluorescence-activated-cell sorter for transfection cells screening.

Biological particle sorting is a technology that isolates specific biological particles from complex samples based on their detectable characteristics. This technology has wide-ranging applications in disease diagnosis and treatment, drug development and evaluation, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Here we employed highly focused travelling surface acoustic waves combined with microfluidic chip as a strategy to solve the problem of biological damage and bioaerosol pollution, which can achieve high throughput separation of biological particles at low voltage.

Catalytic Performance of Highly Dispersed Bimetallic Catalysts for CO Hydrogenation to DME.

Highly dispersed bimetallic atomic-scale catalysts have garnered significant attention in syngas conversion filed due to the synergistic effects of the precisely structured bimetallic site, which facilitate the effective activation of CO. Despite their potential, synthesizing these catalysts to meet the specific application requirements remains challenging. Herein, various bimetallic catalysts were synthesized through the pyrolysis of the bimetallic ZIF precursors which were prepared by in situ doping of different metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu) into the ZIF-8 structure.

Neutrophil Depletion Reduced the Relative Abundance of Unsaturated Long-Chain Fatty Acid Synthesis Microbiota and Intestinal Lipid Absorption.

As immune cells, neutrophils serve as the first line of defense against infections; however, the mechanism by which neutrophils regulate lipid metabolism is unknown. The neutrophil depletion group was treated with 100 μg InVivoMAb anti-mouse Ly6G 6 times, whereas the control group mice were intraperitoneally injected with the same quantity of InVivoMAb rat IgG2a. Body fat content, triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the jejunum and ileum, as well as 9 long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in the intestinal contents were significantly decreased.

3D printing of microstructured polyacrylamide/sodium alginate/lithium chloride composite hydrogels for nanofriction generator and e-skin.

The development of wearable electronic devices presents significant challenges to develop flexible power supplies and sensors that are efficient and convenient, highly sensitive, and adaptable to complex environments. In this study, dual-network ionic PSL hydrogels were successfully synthesized and characterized, which have excellent cyclic tensile properties (maximum stress fluctuation <8 % over 50 tensile times), anti-freezing (-47.2 °C), electrical conductivity (175.

Transcriptome sequencing and metabolome analysis to reveal renewal evidence for drought adaptation in mulberry.

As an economically important tree species, mulberry (Morus spp.) has exhibited a remarkable tolerance for salinity, drought and heavy metals. However, the precise mechanism of metabolome-mediated drought adaptation is unclear.

Outcomes from the Victorian Healthy Homes Program: a randomised control trial of home energy upgrades.

Objectives: The Victorian Healthy Homes Program investigated the impact of thermal home upgrades on energy and health outcomes in vulnerable, older individuals over winter in Victoria, Australia.

Design: A staggered parallel-group randomised control trial design of 984 (764 per protocol (PP)) vulnerable households and 1313 (1015 PP) individuals. The intervention group received their upgrade prior to their winter of recruitment, and the control group received their upgrade after the winter of their recruitment.