A review of the empirical evidence for costs of plasticity in ectothermic animals.

Phenotypic plasticity can represent a vital adaptive response to environmental stressors, including those associated with climate change. Despite its evolutionary advantages, the expression of plasticity varies significantly within and among species, and is likely to be influenced by local environmental conditions. This variability in plasticity has important implications for evolutionary biology and conservation physiology.

Analysis of Urban Indian Organizations' Promotion of Cancer Services.

The burden of cancer remains elevated for American Indian/Alaska Natives (AI/AN) in the United States, particularly urban communities. Urban Indian Organizations (UIOs) are part of the Indian health care system for urban AI/AN populations to receive culturally competent care; therefore, it is important that UIOs convey the importance of cancer preventive and treatment options through their websites. The purpose of this study was to utilize the Indian Health Service (IHS) Office of Urban Indian Health Programs' official website to identify, analyze, and describe IHS funded UIOs offering cancer-related services.

Detecting Clinically Relevant Topological Structures in Multiplexed Spatial Proteomics Imaging Using TopKAT.

Novel multiplexed spatial proteomics imaging platforms expose the spatial architecture of cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The diverse cell population in the TME, including its spatial context, has been shown to have important clinical implications, correlating with disease prognosis and treatment response. The accelerating implementation of spatial proteomic technologies motivates new statistical models to test if cell-level images associate with patient-level endpoints.

Cushing's Disease Clinical Phenotype and Tumor Behavior Vary with Age: Diagnostic and Perioperative Implications.

Context: Little is known about presenting clinical characteristics, tumor biology, and surgical morbidity of Cushing's disease (CD) with aging.

Objective: Using a large multi-institutional dataset, we assessed diagnostic and prognostic significance of age in CD through differences in presentation, laboratory results, tumor characteristics, and postoperative outcomes.

Design: Data from the Registry of Adenomas of the Pituitary and Related Disorders (RAPID) were reviewed for patients with CD treated with transsphenoidal tumor resection at 11 centers between 2003 and 2023.

Lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis.

Dr. Irwin Braverman, a luminary in our field of dermatology, united his love of internal medicine with dermatology to pioneer our understanding of the cutaneous manifestations of systemic disease. His meticulous documentation of physical examination findings in his book Skin Signs of Systemic Disease became fundamental to the training of dermatologists worldwide for decades.

Host and habitat shape ectoparasite diversity on and (Muridae).

and are commensal rodent species endemic to Africa. A recent taxonomic revision within leaves the parasite–host list of questionable and that of incomplete. The current study aimed to develop a better understanding of the ectoparasite diversity associated with the 2 distinct but closely related rodent species and to explore the influence of host and habitat type on ectoparasite infestations.

Predictors of Durable Remission After Successful Surgery for Cushing Disease: Results From the Multicenter RAPID Registry.

Background And Objective: Cushing disease (CD) affects mortality and quality of life along with limited long-term remission, underscoring the need to better identify recurrence risk. The identification of surgical or imaging predictors for CD remission after transsphenoidal surgery has yielded some inconsistent results and has been limited by single-center, single-surgeon, or meta-analyses studies. We sought to evaluate the multicenter Registry of Adenomas of the Pituitary and Related Disorders (RAPID) database of academic US pituitary centers to assess whether robust nonhormonal recurrence predictors could be elucidated.

Measuring Burnout and Professional Fulfillment Among Emergency Medicine Residency Program Leaders in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Objective: Emergency medicine (EM) physicians face high burnout rates, even in academic settings. Research on burnout among EM residency program leaders is limited, despite their role in shaping the training environment and influencing resident well-being. This study aims to measure burnout and professional fulfillment among EM residency program leaders and identify contributing factors.

Trends and predictors of unfilled emergency medicine residency positions: A comparative analysis of the 2023 and 2024 Match cycles.

Background: The emergency medicine (EM) landscape has evolved due to the increasing number of programs paired with fewer applicants. This study analyzed the characteristics of EM residency programs associated with unfilled positions during the 2024 Match and compared them with data from the 2023 Match to identify persistent and emerging trends influencing these outcomes.

Methods: In this cross-sectional, observational study, we investigated factors associated with unfilled EM residency positions in the 2024 Match.

Multicenter Registry of Adenomas of the Pituitary and Related Disorders: Initial Description of Cushing Disease Cohort, Surgical Outcomes, and Surgeon Characteristics.

Background And Objectives: To address the lack of a multicenter pituitary surgery research consortium in the United States, we established the Registry of Adenomas of the Pituitary and Related Disorders (RAPID). The goals of RAPID are to examine surgical outcomes, improve patient care, disseminate best practices, and facilitate multicenter surgery research at scale. Our initial focus is Cushing disease (CD).

Spatial organisation within the earliest evidence of post-built structures in Britain.

This paper explores tool-using activities undertaken in and around the earliest known evidence of post-built structures in Britain. Microwear results associated with at least three structures identified at the Early Mesolithic site of Star Carr, North Yorkshire, are examined as a means of identifying activity zones associated with the diverse stone tools used to process a variety of materials (e.g.

Stone axes throw new light on Baltic stone age mortuary rites.

Despite their ubiquity, Mesolithic lithic tools given as funerary offerings have rarely been studied in detail. Whereas personal ornaments (e.g.

Impact of Frailty on Surgical Outcomes of Patients With Cushing Disease Using the Multicenter Registry of Adenomas of the Pituitary and Related Disorders Registry.

Background And Objectives: Despite growing interest in how patient frailty affects outcomes (eg, in neuro-oncology), its role after transsphenoidal surgery for Cushing disease (CD) remains unclear. We evaluated the effect of frailty on CD outcomes using the Registry of Adenomas of the Pituitary and Related Disorders (RAPID) data set from a collaboration of US academic pituitary centers.

Methods: Data on consecutive surgically treated patients with CD (2011-2023) were compiled using the 11-factor modified frailty index.

Evaluation of an autonomous acoustic surveying technique for grassland bird communities in Nebraska.

Monitoring trends in wildlife communities is integral to making informed land management decisions and applying conservation strategies. Birds inhabit most niches in every environment and because of this they are widely accepted as an indicator species for environmental health. Traditionally, point counts are the common method to survey bird populations, however, passive acoustic monitoring approaches using autonomous recording units have been shown to be cost-effective alternatives to point count surveys.

Acid Adaptation Enhances Tolerance of O157:H7 to High Voltage Atmospheric Cold Plasma in Raw Pineapple Juice.

Pathogens that adapt to environmental stress can develop an increased tolerance to some physical or chemical antimicrobial treatments. The main objective of this study was to determine if acid adaptation increased the tolerance of O157:H7 to high voltage atmospheric cold plasma (HVACP) in raw pineapple juice. Samples (10 mL) of juice were inoculated with non-acid-adapted (NAA) or acid-adapted (AA) to obtain a viable count of ~7.

Clustering and visualization of single-cell RNA-seq data using path metrics.

Recent advances in single-cell technologies have enabled high-resolution characterization of tissue and cancer compositions. Although numerous tools for dimension reduction and clustering are available for single-cell data analyses, these methods often fail to simultaneously preserve local cluster structure and global data geometry. To address these challenges, we developed a novel analyses framework, Single-Cell Path Metrics Profiling (scPMP), using power-weighted path metrics, which measure distances between cells in a data-driven way.

Application of Laser-Induced Acoustic Desorption for Molecular Rotational Resonance Spectroscopy.

Molecular Rotational Resonance (MRR) spectroscopy is a uniquely precise tool for the determination of molecular structures of volatile compounds in mixtures, as the characteristic rotational transition frequencies of a molecule are extremely sensitive to its 3D structure through the moments of inertia in a three-dimensional coordinate system. This enables identification of the compounds based on just a few parameters that can be calculated, as opposed to, for example, mass spectrometric data, which often require expert analysis of 10-20 different signals and the use of many standards/model compounds. This paper introduces a new sampling technique for MRR, laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD), to allow the vaporization of nonvolatile and thermally labile analytes without the need for excessive heating or derivatization.

Multidisciplinary Consensus on Curricular Priorities for Pediatric Neurocritical Care Nursing Education: A Modified Delphi Study in the United States.

Background: Nurses are vital partners in the development of pediatric neurocritical care (PNCC) programs. Nursing expertise is acknowledged to be an integral component of high-quality specialty patient care in the field, but little guidance exists regarding educational requirements to build that expertise. We sought to obtain expert consensus from nursing professionals and physicians on curricular priorities for specialized PNCC nursing education in pediatric centers across the United States.

Differences in birch tar composition are explained by adhesive function in the central European Iron Age.

Birch bark tar is the most widely documented adhesive in prehistoric Europe. More recent periods attest to a diversification in terms of the materials used as adhesives and their application. Some studies have shown that conifer resins and beeswax were added to produce compound adhesives.

Unfulfilled and method-specific contraceptive preferences among reproductive-aged contraceptive users in Arizona, Iowa, New Jersey, and Wisconsin.

Objective: To identify characteristics associated with unfulfilled contraceptive preferences, document reasons for these unfulfilled preferences, and examine how these unfulfilled preferences vary across specific method users.

Data Sources And Study Setting: We draw on secondary baseline data from 4660 reproductive-aged contraceptive users in the Arizona, Iowa, New Jersey, and Wisconsin Surveys of Women (SoWs), state-representative surveys fielded between October 2018 and August 2020 across the four states.

Study Design: This is an observational cross-sectional study, which examined associations between individuals' reproductive health-related experiences and contraceptive preferences, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics.