Tannic acid reactivates HIV-1 latency by mediating CBX4 degradation.

HIV-1 can integrate viral DNA into host cell chromosomes and establish a long-term stable latent viral reservoir, a major obstacle in curing HIV-1 infection. The reactivation of latent proviruses with latency-reversing agents (LRAs) is a prerequisite for the eradication of viral reservoirs. Previous reports have shown that tannic acid (TA) exerts several biological functions, including antioxidant and antitumor activities.

Piezoelectric nanocomposite electrospun dressings: Tailoring mechanics for scar-free wound recovery.

Rational wound management and enhancing healing quality are critical in clinical practice. Electrical stimulation therapy (EST) has emerged as a valuable adjunctive treatment due to its safety and cost-effectiveness. Integrating piezoelectric materials into dressings offers a way to miniaturize and personalize electrotherapy, enhancing convenience.

Vitamin D supplementation could enhance the effectiveness of glibenclamide in treating type 2 diabetes by improving the function of pancreatic β-cells through the NF-κB pathway.

Purpose: The high morbidity and mortality associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pose a significant global health challenge, necessitating the development of more efficient anti-diabetic drugs with fewer side effects. This study investigated the intervention of vitamin D3 combined with glibenclamide in rats with T2DM to elucidate its effects on pancreatic β-cells through the NF-κB pathway.

Methods: Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to four groups: the control group (CG), the model group (MG), the glibenclamide group (GG), and the glibenclamide + vitamin D3 group (GDG).

Integrating Molecular Biology and Network Pharmacology to Analyze the Antidepressant Mechanism of Glycyrrhizaglabra.

Introduction: Antidepressants have adverse effects and induce drug resistance when used excessively or frequently. Therefore, adjuvants are needed to reduce the use of antidepressants during treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important adjunctive approach to depression with safety, environmental protection, and low toxicity.

Invasive infection diagnosed by traditional microbial detection methods and metagenomic next-generation sequencing in a pediatric patient: a case report and literature review.

, as an opportunistic pathogen, can infect individuals with immunosuppression, neutropenia, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), or other high-risk factors, leading to invasive or localized infections. Particularly in patients following allogeneic HSCT, is more likely to cause invasive or disseminated infections. This study focuses on a pediatric patient who underwent HSCT for severe aplastic anemia.

Single-cell landscape reveals the immune heterogeneity of bone marrow involvement in peripheral T-cell lymphoma.

The prognosis of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) depends on bone marrow involvement (BMI). The bone marrow (BM) tumor microenvironment in PTCL remains unclear. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on 11 fresh BM samples from patients with BMI to reveal the associations of immune landscape and genetic variations with the prognosis of PTCL patients.

Fibroblasts and endothelial cells interplay drives hypertrophic scar formation: Insights from in vitro and in vivo models.

Hypertrophic scar formation is influenced by the intricate interplay between fibroblasts and endothelial cells. In this study, we investigated this relationship using in vitro and in vivo models. Clinical observations revealed distinct morphological changes and increased vascularity at pathological scar sites.

Extrusion bioprinting of cellular aggregates improves mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation.

3D extrusion bioprinting brings the prospect of stem cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. These bioprinted stem cells are expected to proliferate and differentiate to form the desired organoids into 3D structures, which is critical for complex tissue construction. However, this strategy is hampered by low reproducible cell number and viability, and organoid immaturity due to incomplete differentiation of stem cells.

Reciprocal interaction between vascular niche and sweat gland promotes sweat gland regeneration.

The incorporation of vasculature is known to be effective in tissue or organ functional regeneration. However, a vague understanding of the interaction between epidermal appendages and their vascular niches is a foremost obstacle to obtaining sweat gland (SG)-specific vasculature units. Here, we map their precise anatomical connections and report that the interplay between SG cells (SGCs) and the surrounding vascular niche is key for glandular development and homeostasis maintenance.

Collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 promotes functional recovery of sweat glands by inducing adjacent microvascular network reconstruction .

Background: Sweat glands (SGs) have low regenerative potential after severe burns or trauma and their regeneration or functional recovery still faces many obstacles. In practice, restoring SG function requires not only the structural integrity of the gland itself, but also its neighboring tissues, especially blood vessels. Collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (CTHRC1) was first identified in vascular repair, and increasing reports showed a close correlation between cutaneous appendage specification, patterning and regeneration.

L- lactate inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation of microglia in the hippocampus.

Depression is a common psychological and physiological disease in the world, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and families. Exercise is an economic and noninvasive antidepressant measure, which has been widely recognized and applied in daily life and clinical practice, and the related mechanism research has also been paid attention to. In recent years, a new research report pointed out that peripheral administration of L-lactate can reverse depression-like behavior in mice, which suggesting that the lactic acid produced during exercise may be one of the factors leading to antidepressant effect, but the detailed mechanism is not clear.

Nanoparticle Vaccines Based on the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) and Heptad Repeat (HR) of SARS-CoV-2 Elicit Robust Protective Immune Responses.

Various vaccine strategies have been proposed in response to the global COVID-19 pandemic, each with unique strategies for eliciting immune responses. Here, we developed nanoparticle vaccines by covalently conjugating the self-assembled 24-mer ferritin to the receptor binding domain (RBD) and/or heptad repeat (HR) subunits of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein. Compared to monomer vaccines, nanoparticle vaccines elicited more robust neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses.

USP49 potently stabilizes APOBEC3G protein by removing ubiquitin and inhibits HIV-1 replication.

The antiviral activity of host factor apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G, A3G) and its degradation mediated by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif protein are important topics. Although accumulating evidence indicates the importance of deubiquitination enzymes (DUBs) in innate immunity, it is unknown if they participate in A3G stability. Here, we found that USP49 directly interacts with A3G and efficiently removes ubiquitin, consequently increasing A3G protein expression and significantly enhancing its anti-HIV-1 activity.

Design and synthesis of aminothiazole based Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) capsid inhibitors.

The capsid assembly is an essential step for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) life cycle and is an important target for anti-HBV drug development. In this report, we identified a hit compound with aminothiazole structure by the high throughput screening (HTS) which inhibited the interaction of HBV capsid protein within the cells. The structure hopping and SAR studies of the hit compound afforded compound 79 with potent anti-HBV replication activity and good basic drug-like properties.

TRIM28 promotes HIV-1 latency by SUMOylating CDK9 and inhibiting P-TEFb.

Comprehensively elucidating the molecular mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) latency is a priority to achieve a functional cure. As current 'shock' agents failed to efficiently reactivate the latent reservoir, it is important to discover new targets for developing more efficient latency-reversing agents (LRAs). Here, we found that TRIM28 potently suppresses HIV-1 expression by utilizing both SUMO E3 ligase activity and epigenetic adaptor function.

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Potently Inhibit the Replication of Zika Viruses by Inducing the Degradation of AXL.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is genetically and biologically related to other family members and has disseminated to many countries. It is associated with severe consequences, including the abnormal development of the neural system in fetuses and neurological diseases in adults. Therefore, the development of anti-ZIKV drugs is of paramount importance.

A recombinant chimeric protein specifically induces mutant KRAS degradation and potently inhibits pancreatic tumor growth.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal human diseases, with an all-stage 5-year survival rate below 5%. To date, no effective and specific therapy is available for this disease. Mutations in KRAS are frequently reported in pancreatic and many other cancers; thus, KRAS is an attractive therapeutic target.

Identification of an HIV-1 replication inhibitor which rescues host restriction factor APOBEC3G in Vif-APOBEC3G complex.

HIV-1 Vif protein is one of the most crucial accessory proteins for viral replication. It efficiently counteracts the important host restriction factor APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G, A3G) which is lethal to HIV-1 by causing G to A mutation of viral genome. Vif protein mediates degradation of APOBEC3G via the complicated protein-protein interactions of Vif, APOBEC3G, Elongin C/B and Cullin 5.