Development and Validation of a Prediction Model for Enteral Feeding Intolerance in Critical Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Aim: To construct and validate a prediction model for enteral feeding intolerance in critically ill patients during the first 7 days of enteral feeding.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of two intensive care units from January 2015 to August 2023, to develop a prediction model by univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis.

Characteristics of China's coal mine methane emission sources at national and provincial levels.

Methane (CH) is the second most abundant greenhouse gas. China is the largest CH emitter in the world, with coal mine methane (CMM) being one of the main anthropogenic contributions. Thus, there is an urgent need for comprehensive estimates and strategies for reducing CMM emissions in China.

Abnormal platelet parameters in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Platelet dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite clinical observations indicating abnormalities in platelet parameters among IBD patients, inconsistencies persist, and these parameters lack standardization for diagnosis or clinical assessment.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant articles published up to December 16th, 2023.

Progranulin Protects against Keratitis by Attenuating the Inflammatory Response through Enhancing Autophagy.

Fungal keratitis (FK) is a severe corneal condition caused by pathogenic fungi and is associated with the virulence of fungi and an excessive tissue inflammatory response. Progranulin (PGRN), functioning as a multifunctional growth factor, exerts a pivotal influence on the regulation of inflammation and autophagy. The aim of our research was to analyze the role of PGRN in () keratitis.

Structural characteristics and drivers of greenhouse gas emissions at county-level and long-time scales: A case study of the Anji County, China.

To achieve carbon neutrality, the Chinese government needs to gain a comprehensive understanding of the sources and drivers of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly at the county level. Anji County in eastern China is a typical example of an industrial transformation from quarrying to a low-carbon economy. This study analyzed the decoupling types and structural characteristics of GHG emissions and the driving factors of carbon dioxide (CO) emissions in the Anji from 2006 to 2019, and explored the differences between county-level and provincial-level or city-level results.

Thymoquinone attenuates inflammation in C. Albicans keratitis by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and reducing fungal load.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antifungal properties of thymoquinone (TQ) and elucidate its mechanism of action in the context of C. albicans keratitis.

Methods: Various methods were employed to identify a safe and effective concentration of TQ with antifungal properties, including the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) test, and the Draize experiment.

Role of Inhibiting Inflammation of LC3-Associated Phagocytosis in Dry Eye Disease.

Purpose: To confirm the expression and investigate the role of LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP) in dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: The DED model of mice was established by scopolamine subcutaneous injection in a low-humidity environment chamber. Tear secretion test and corneal fluorescein sodium staining were used to evaluate the severity of DED.

Candidalysin amplifies the immune inflammatory response in Candida albicans keratitis through the TREM-1/DAP12 pathway.

Candidalysin is a fungal peptide toxin secreted by Candida albicans hyphae during invasion into epithelial cells. In Candida albicans-infected mucosa, candidalysin causes epithelial cell damage and activates downstream inflammatory responses, especially the release of inflammatory cytokines. However, the role of candidalysin in Candida albicans corneal keratitis remains unexplored.

Inhibition of AIF-1 alleviates laser-induced macular neovascularization by inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation via restrained p44/42 MAPK signaling pathway.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading blinding disease worldwide, and macular neovascularization (MNV) is a common complication encountered in the advanced stages of AMD. While the underlying causes of MNV remain elusive, aberrant multiplication of choroidal endothelial cells (CECs) and increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are thought to play significant roles in the occurrence and development of MNV. Allograft inflammatory factor-1(AIF-1) is a crucial regulatory factor of vascular tubular structure formation and growth, involving the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells and various tumor cells.

Biomimetic, Injectable, and Self-Healing Hydrogels with Sustained Release of Ranibizumab to Treat Retinal Neovascularization.

Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a typical feature of ischemic retinal diseases that can lead to traction retinal detachment and even blindness in patients, in which the vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) plays a pivotal role. However, most anti-VEGF drugs currently used for treating RNV, such as ranibizumab, need frequent and repeated intravitreal injections due to their short intravitreal half-life, which increases the incidence of complications. Herein, a hydrogel intravitreal drug delivery system (DDS) is prepared by a dynamic Schiff base reaction between aminated hyaluronic acid and aldehyde-functionalized Pluronic 127 for sustained release of ranibizumab.

Characteristics and source apportionment of some halocarbons in Hangzhou, eastern China during 2021.

In recent years, eastern China has been identified as an important contributor to national and global emissions of halocarbons, some of which are ozone depletion substances (ODSs) that delay the recovery of the stratospheric ozone layer. However, the most recent characteristics and sources of halocarbons in eastern China remain unclear. Thus, hourly atmospheric observations of halocarbons were conducted in Hangzhou throughout 2021.

Global methyl halide emissions from biomass burning during 2003-2021.

Methyl halides (CHCl, CHBr, and CHI) are ozone-depleting substances. Biomass burning (BB) is an important source of methyl halides. The temporal variations and global spatial distribution of BB methyl halide emissions are unclear.

NADPH oxidase 2 plays a protective role in experimental keratitis in mice through killing fungi and limiting the degree of inflammation.

Aim: To explore whether nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2) is expressed in fungal keratitis in mice and investigate its role in this disease.

Methods: NOX2 expression was detected in C57BL/6 mice. After testing the inhibitory effect of diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) on NOX2, its impact on clinical performance, myeloperoxidase levels, the number of colonies forming units, the level of H3, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of cytokines [NF-κB, interleukin-17A (IL-17A), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Nrf2, IL-10, and TGF-β] were compared.

Eugenol protects against Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis by inhibiting inflammatory response and reducing fungal load.

Fungal keratitis is a corneal infection, which severely impairs vision. The fungal pathogen provokes host immune response, but the excessive inflammatory response causes significant collateral damage to the cornea. Eugenol, the main component of clove oil, has been found to have a broad range of pharmacological activities including anti-microbial, antioxidation and anti-inflammation.

Antifungal and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Punicalagin on Murine Aspergillus fumigatus Keratitis.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and antifungal effect of punicalagin in murine fungal keratitis.

Methods: We used in vitro and in vivo protocols to assess the anti-inflammatory effect and antifungal effect of punicalagin. In vitro, time kill and mycelial stain were done.

Cotton photosynthetic productivity enhancement through uniform row-spacing with optimal plant density in Xinjiang, China.

Xinjiang is currently the most dominant cotton ( L.)-growing region in China and possesses abundant radiation resource. The cultivation techniques such as wide and narrow row-spacing and high density are widely adopted to obtain high cotton yield in the region.

A comprehensive review on anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission estimates in China: Comparison and outlook.

Accurate measurement and estimation on the trends and spatial distributions of VOCs emissions in China are critical to establishing efficient local or regional pollution control measures, while less is known about the discrepancies on VOCs emissions estimated by previous studies. In this study, two of the estimation approaches including the bottom-up and top-down methods have been reviewed with the data collected from many studies. The approaches demonstrated that the total anthropogenic VOCs emissions in China have been increasing since 1949.

[Spatio-temporal variation of atmospheric CH concentration and its driving factors in monsoon Asia].

Based on the ground-based observations from seven atmospheric background stations during 2009 to 2018 in monsoon Asia (including BKT station in Indonesia, LLN and WLG stations in China, RYO and YON stations in Japan, TAP station in Republic of Korea, and UUM station in Mongolia), we analyzed the temporal and spatial variation of atmospheric CH concentration and its driving factors using harmonic model and maximal information-based nonparametric exploration. The results showed that the CH concentration in monsoon Asia varied from 1853.04 to 1935.

IL-36α Exerts Proinflammatory Effects in Aspergillus fumigatus Keratitis of Mice Through the Pathway of IL-36α/IL-36R/NF-κB.

Purpose: To explore the role of IL-36α in corneas infected by Aspergillus fumigatus.

Methods: The experimental group was comprised of 15 corneas with fungal keratitis, and 15 healthy donor corneas were included in the control group. IL-36α was detected in normal and infected corneas of humans and C57BL/6 mice.

Evaluation of vitrectomy combined preoperative intravitreal ranibizumab and postoperative intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Background: To explore the treatment efficacy of the combination of preoperative intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) and postoperative intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) in patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: A retrospective comparative study was performed on 128 eyes of 128 patients who had PDR and underwent PPV. Patients who received a single PPV were assigned to Group A.