Sequelae following sural nerve biopsy in type 1 diabetic subjects.

Objectives: To detect post-operative sequelae of sural nerve biopsy.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire mailed to type 1 diabetic patients (n = 24; male/female 23/1; reply n = 23) 2 years after biopsy.

Results: Type 1 diabetic patients (age 56 [11]; median [interquartile range]) had a long duration of diabetes (DM; 20 [19] years) and all had neuropathy.

[Diabetic metabolism protective in severe acute intermittent porphyria].

In AIP attacks there is an escalating metabolic chain reaction leading to heme deficiency and increased levels of porphyrin precursors. This reaction is inhibited by treatment with glucose or heme arginate. In a population-based study in the two most northerly counties of Sweden (Norrbotten and Västerbotten), out of 319 patients > 18 years of age with DNA-verified AIP, 16 had type-2 diabetes.

[Neuropathy of the lower legs and feet in acute intermittent porphyria. A comparison of patients with type 1 diabetes and patients with AIP].

Distal neuropathy was assessed in 339 patients with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP). The chronic neurological signs were symmetrical and similar to those in Type 1 diabetic patients. Significant impairment was found concerning perception, extensor digitorum brevis test, lower leg pain, ankle and knee tendon reflexes but not concerning dry feet, loss of forefoot arch and hammer toes, when comparing patients with manifest vs.

[Unsatisfactory pain treatment in attacks of acute intermittent porphyria. Vasodilation an alternative if the pain is shown to be the pain of intestinal angina].

Abdominal pain is by far the most serious symptom in attacks of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP). Its cause is unknown. This case suggests visceral ischemia as a possible cause of the abdominal pain.

Increased mortality in diabetes during the first 10 years of the disease. A population-based study (DISS) in Swedish adults 15-34 years old at diagnosis.

Objectives: To study, prospectively, in young adult patients, the mortality during the first years after the diagnosis of diabetes.

Design: The Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS) aims to register all incident cases aged 15-34 years. During a 10-year period all deaths were identified by record linkage to the national Cause of Death Registry.

The W198X and R173W mutations in the porphobilinogen deaminase gene in acute intermittent porphyria have higher clinical penetrance than R167W. A population-based study.

In northern Sweden, 468 patients with DNA-verified acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) were registered. A higher prevalence of manifest AIP was found in patients with mutations W198X and R173W when separately compared with mutation R167W, indicating higher clinical penetrance. Signs of increased seriousness of the disease were also found in patients with the W198X and R173W mutations in relation to the number and duration of attacks, impaired renal function and chronic disability.

Women's experience of suffering repeated severe attacks of acute intermittent porphyria.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the experiences of the women with severe, recurrent attacks of porphyria and how they coped with them successfully. A total of five women were interviewed and were encouraged to describe their experiences. Thematic content analysis was used to interpret the significance of their narratives.

Prognostic factors for the course of beta cell function in autoimmune diabetes.

This study presents a 2-yr follow-up of 281 patients, aged 15-34 yr, diagnosed with diabetes between 1992 and 1993. At diagnosis, 224 (80%) patients were positive for at least one of the following autoantibodies: islet cell antibodies (ICAs), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAs), or tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2As); the remaining 57 (20%) patients were negative for all three autoantibodies. At diagnosis, C-peptide levels were lower (0.

Renal symptomatology in patients with acute intermittent porphyria. A population-based study.

Objective: Can renal insufficiency in subjects with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) be due solely to

Design: A population-based study.

Subjects: Subjects with AIP > or = 18 years of age (n = 386) in the four most northerly counties of Sweden.

Interventions: Screening with creatinine clearance at 24 h.

Signs of neuropathy in the lower legs and feet of patients with acute intermittent porphyria.

Objective: To assess signs of distal neuropathy in patients with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP).

Design: A population-based study.

Subjects: All patients with DNA-verified AIP >/= 18 years of age in the four most northerly counties of Sweden.

Could attacks of abdominal pain in cases of acute intermittent porphyria be due to intestinal angina?

Abdominal pain is by far the most serious symptom in attacks of acute intermittent porphyria. Its cause is unknown. This case study suggests visceral ischaemia as a possible cause of the abdominal pain.

Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in young and middle-aged diabetic patients.

Background: Gastrointestinal disorders have been reported in patients with diabetes mellitus. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms in out-clinic diabetic patients in the county of Umeå, Sweden.

Methods: Diabetic patients aged 24-59 years residing in Umeå County (population, 136,000) were included in the study (n = 489), as were 200 sex- and age-matched healthy controls.

The association of hyperlipidemia with retinopathy in diabetic patients aged 15-50 years in the county of Umeå.

Purpose: To study possible associations between serum lipid levels and degree of retinopathy in a population-based study on a specific age-group of patients with diabetes mellitus in the county of Umeå, Sweden.

Methods: All patients with diabetes mellitus aged 15-50 years living in the county of Umeå were invited to the study. The participating subjects had a standard clinical examination and an eye examination performed.

Retinopathy in diabetic patients aged 15-50 years in the county of Umeå, Sweden.

Purpose: To examine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its relation to certain risk factors (glycosylated hemoglobin, blood pressure, serum creatinine, proteinuria, smoking) in a population-based study on a specific age-group of patients with diabetes mellitus in the county of Umeå, Sweden.

Methods: All diabetic patients aged 15-50 years living in the county of Umeå were invited to the study. A standard clinical and eye examination was performed, and seven-field stereoscopic photographs were taken of each eye.

Negative association between type 1 diabetes and HLA DQB1*0602-DQA1*0102 is attenuated with age at onset. Swedish Childhood Diabetes Study Group.

HLA-associated relative risks of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus were analysed in population-based Swedish patients and controls aged 0-34 years. The age dependence of HLA-associated relative risks was assessed by likelihood ratio tests of regression parameters in separate logistic regression models for each HLA category. The analyses demonstrated an attenuation with increasing age at onset in the relative risk for the positively associated DQB1*0201-A1*0502/B1*0302-A1*0301 (DQ2/8) genotype (P = 0.

Islet cell and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies present at diagnosis of diabetes predict the need for insulin treatment. A cohort study in young adults whose disease was initially labeled as type 2 or unclassifiable diabetes.

Objective: To clarify the predictive value of islet cell antibody (ICA) and GAD65 antibody (GADA) present at diagnosis with respect to the need for insulin treatment 6 years after diagnosis in young adults initially considered to have type 2 or unclassifiable diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: The patient material was representative of the entire Swedish population, consisting of patients who were 15-34 years old at diagnosis of diabetes in 1987-1988 but were not considered to have type 1 diabetes at onset. At follow-up, 6 years after the diagnosis, it was noted whether the patient was treated with insulin.

Effects of diabetes mellitus on patients with acute intermittent porphyria.

Objectives: To study the effects of diabetes mellitus in patients with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP). Haeme deficiency in the liver of AIP patients stimulates an increase in ALA-synthase which triggers an escalating metabolic chain reaction, leading to an increase in the porphyrin content. This reaction can be reduced by treating AIP patients with haeme arginate or with glucose.

Appearance of islet cell autoantibodies after clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.

Islet cell antibodies (ICA) and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD65Ab) are often present at diagnosis of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type I diabetes) and are supposed to decline in level and frequency during the first years of disease. We have analysed ICA and GAD65Ab at onset and after one year in 395 population based randomly selected 15-34 year old patients newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, to study how these autoantibodies persist, disappear and appear and their relation to C-peptide levels. Of the 395 samples 212 (54%) were positive for ICA, 250 (63%) were positive for GAD65Ab and 170 (43%) were positive for both.

Assessment of possible nephrotoxicity from iohexol in patients with normal and impaired renal function.

Purpose: To evaluate the possible nephrotoxic effects of iohexol in patients with normal and impaired renal function.

Material And Methods: A prospective urographic study using iohexol (50 ml, 300 mg I/ml) was performed in 100 patients, 63 with impaired renal function (IRF) and 37 with normal renal function (NRF). The group included 24 patients with diabetes mellitus, 17 of them with IRF.