Association between the hemoglobin A1c/High-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and stroke incidence: a prospective nationwide cohort study in China.

Background: Stroke has emerged as an escalating public health challenge among middle-aged and older individuals in China, closely linked to glycolipid metabolic abnormalities. The Hemoglobin A1c/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HbA1c/HDL-C) ratio, an integrated marker of glycolipid homeostasis, may serve as a novel predictor of stroke risk.

Methods: Our investigation utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study cohort (2011-2018).

Estimates and trends in death and disability from atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter due to high sodium intake, China, 1990 to 2019.

Objective: The effect of sodium intake on atrial fibrillation (AF)/atrial flutter (AFL), with respect to sex and age, has yet to be elucidated. This study aims to compare long-term trends in AF/AFL death and disability due to high sodium intake in China from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: We utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease study to assess the mortality and disability burden of AF/AFL attributable to high sodium intake (> 5 g/d) in China from 1990 to 2019.

Development and characterization of in vitro inducible immortalization of a murine microglia cell line for high throughput studies.

There are few in vitro models available to study microglial physiology in a homeostatic context. Recent approaches include the human induced pluripotent stem cell model, but these can be challenging for large-scale assays and may lead to batch variability. To advance our understanding of microglial biology while enabling scalability for high-throughput assays, we developed an inducible immortalized murine microglial cell line using a tetracycline expression system.

[NTRK gene fusion and molecular pathological characteristics of mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer].

To investigate the expression pattern of pan-TRK protein in colorectal cancers with NTRK gene fusion and mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) and to analyze its molecular pathological characteristics. A total of 117 dMMR colorectal cancers diagnosed in the Department of Pathology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China from 2020 to 2023 were collected. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and DNA/RNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) were used to detect pan-TRK protein expression and fusion partner genes in tumors, and to further explore the correlation between pan-TRK staining patterns and partner genes.

The synergistic roles of MsRCI2B and MsRCI2E in the regulation of ion balance and ROS homeostasis in alfalfa under salt stress.

Under salt stress, plasma membrane proteins regulate ion homeostasis and the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we investigated the functions of two small membrane proteins-MsRCI2B (tailless) and MsRCI2E (tailed)-encoded by the RCI2 (Rare Cold Inducible 2) gene family in Medicago sativa (alfalfa). We identified the distinct subcellular localization and expression patterns of these proteins under salt stress.

Dual targeting PPARα and NPC1L1 metabolic vulnerabilities blocks tumorigenesis.

Dysregulated lipid metabolism is linked to tumor progression. In this study, we identified Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) as a downstream effector of PKM2. In breast cancer cells, PKM2 knockout (KO) enhanced NPC1L1 expression while downregulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) signaling pathway.

Evaluating Efficacy and Safety of Crisaborole in Managing Childhood Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder globally. Crisaborole, a nonsteroidal topical phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor (PDE4i), has been utilized in treating AD. Crisaborole regulates the production of inflammatory cytokines, which are usually overactive among AD patients.

Innovative Strategies in Oncology: Bacterial Membrane Vesicle-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy.

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are double-layered structures of nanoscale lipids released by gram-negative bacteria. They have the same membrane composition and characteristics as primitive cells, which enables them to penetrate cells and tissues efficiently. These OMVs exhibit excellent membrane stability, immunogenicity, safety, and permeability (which makes it easier for them to penetrate into tumour tissue), making them suitable for developing cancer vaccines and drug delivery systems.

Improving the Selectivity of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Sensors for Mustard Gas Simulant 2-Chloroethyl Ethyl Sulfide by Combining the Laminated Structure and Temperature Dynamic Modulation.

Insufficient selectivity is a major constraint to the further development of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors for chemical warfare agents, and this paper proposed an improved scheme combining catalytic layer/gas-sensitive layer laminated structure with temperature dynamic modulation for the Mustard gas (HD) MOS sensor. Mustard gas simulant 2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES) was used as the target gas, (Pt + Pd + Rh)@AlO as the catalytic layer material, (Pt + Rh)@WO as the gas-sensitive layer material, the (Pt + Pd + Rh)@AlO/(Pt + Rh)@WO sensor was prepared, and the sensor was tested for 2-CEES and 12 battlefield environment simulation gases under temperature dynamic modulation. The results showed that the sensor only showed obvious characteristic peaks in the resistance response curves to HD under certain conditions (100-400 °C, the highest temperature was held for 1 s and the lowest temperature was held for 2 s), and its peak height reached 6.

Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction of the Active Components from Stem and Bioactivity Comparison with .

(ASC) contains a variety of bioactive compounds and serves as an important traditional Chinese medicinal resource. However, its prolonged growth cycle and reliance on wild populations limit its practical use. To explore the potential of (ASF) as an alternative, this study focused on optimizing the extraction process and assessing the bioactivity of stem extracts.

Two Cysteines in Raf Kinase Inhibitor Protein Make Differential Contributions to Structural Dynamics In Vitro.

As a scaffolding protein, Raf kinase binding protein (RKIP) is involved in a variety of cellular pathways, including the Raf-MEK-ERK-cascade. It acts as a negative regulator by binding to its partners, making it an attractive target in the development of therapeutic strategies for cancer. Despite its structural stability as a monomer, RKIP may form a dimer, resulting in the switching of binding partners.

Eu-Substituents-Induced Modifications in the Thermoelectric Properties of the Zintl Phase BaEuZnSb System.

Four quaternary Zintl phase thermoelectric (TE) materials belonging to the BaEuZnSb ( = 0.02(1), 0.04(1), 0.

Influence of Microstructure on Music Properties of SWP-B Music Steel Wire Under Different Annealing Treatments.

The mechanical properties of music wire are contingent upon its microstructure, which in turn influences its applications in music. Chinese stringed instruments necessitate exacting standards for comprehensive performance indexes, particularly with regard to the strength, resilience, and rigidity of the musical steel wires, which differ from the Western approach to musical wire. In this study, SWP-B music wire was selected for investigation through metal heat treatment, which was employed to regulate its microstructure characteristics.

Mechanistic Insights into CO Adsorption of LiSiO at High Temperature.

The development of materials with high adsorption capacity for capturing CO from industrial exhaust gases has proceeded rapidly in recent years. LiSiO has attracted attention due to its low cost, high capture capacity, and good cycling stability for direct high-temperature CO capture. Thus far, the CO adsorption mechanism of LiSiO is poorly understood, and detailed phase transformations during the CO adsorption process are missing.

Environmental Exposure to Bisphenol A Enhances Invasiveness in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a prevalent environmental contaminant found in plastics and known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, posing risks to both human health and the environment. Despite its widespread presence, the impact of BPA on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) progression, especially under realistic environmental conditions, is not well understood. This study examined the effects of BPA on PTC using a 3D thyroid papillary tumor spheroid model, which better mimicked the complex interactions within human tissues compared to traditional 2D models.

Establishment of a Yeast Two-Hybrid-Based High-Throughput Screening Model for Selection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-ACE2 Interaction Inhibitors.

The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has exerted considerable impact on global health. To prepare for rapidly mutating viruses and for the forthcoming pandemic, effective therapies targeting the critical stages of the viral life cycle need to be developed. Viruses are dependent on the interaction between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral Spike (S) protein (S-RBD) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to efficiently establish infection and the following replicate.

Enhancing Radiation Therapy Response in Prostate Cancer Through Metabolic Modulation by Mito-Lonidamine: A H and P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study.

Radiation therapy (RT) is the cornerstone treatment for prostate cancer; however, it frequently induces gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicities that substantially diminish the patients' quality of life. While many individuals experience transient side effects, a subset endures persistent, long-term complications. A promising strategy to mitigate these toxicities involves enhancing tumor radiosensitivity, potentially allowing for lower radiation doses.

Synthetic Microbial Communities Enhance Pepper Growth and Root Morphology by Regulating Rhizosphere Microbial Communities.

Synthetic microbial community (SynCom) application is efficient in promoting crop yield and soil health. However, few studies have been conducted to enhance pepper growth via modulating rhizosphere microbial communities by SynCom application. This study aimed to investigate how SynCom inoculation at the seedling stage impacts pepper growth by modulating the rhizosphere microbiome using high-throughput sequencing technology.

Capsaicin Modulates Ruminal Fermentation and Bacterial Communities in Beef Cattle with High-Grain Diet-Induced Subacute Ruminal Acidosis.

This study was developed with the goal of exploring the impact of capsaicin on ruminal fermentation and ruminal bacteria in beef cattle affected by high-grain diet-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). In total, 18 healthy Simmental crossbred cattle were randomized into three separate groups ( = 6/group): (1) control diet (CON; forage-to-concentrate ratio = 80:20); (2) high-grain diet (SARA; forage-to-concentrate ratio = 20:80); and (3) high-grain diet supplemented with capsaicin (CAP; 250 mg/cattle/day). The study was conducted over a 60-day period.

Narrow Linewidth All-Optical Microwave Oscillator Based on Torsional Radial Acoustic Modes of Single-Mode Fiber.

A Hz level narrow linewidth all-optical microwave oscillator based on the torsional radial acoustic modes (TR) of a single-mode fiber (SMF) is proposed and validated. The all-optical microwave oscillator consists of a 20 km SMF main ring cavity and a 5 km SMF sub ring cavity. The main ring cavity provides forward stimulated Brillouin scattering gain and utilizes a nonlinear polarization rotation effect to achieve TR mode locking.

Impact of the Luding Earthquake on the Area of Potentially Suitable Habitat for Species in the Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve.

Members of the genus are endemic to China and include seven described species, five of which are nationally protected salamanders in China. The Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve (GGMNNR) is rich in animal and plant resources, including the species. On 5 September 2022, the GGMNNR experienced the Luding earthquake, and this provided an opportunity to quantify the impact of a catastrophic events on the area of potentially suitable habitat for a rare species in the GGMNNR.

Ten Candidate Genes Were Identified to Be Associated with the Great Growth Differentiation in the Three-Way Cross Hybrid Abalone.

Abalone is an economically important mollusk, whose slow growth has impeded the recovery of its wild populations and development of aquaculture. The three-way cross hybrid abalone ((♀ × ♂)♀ × ♂, DF × SS) demonstrated notable diversity in growth traits across the population with genetic differentiation, offering a model for exploring the molecular mechanisms of abalone growth. In this study, a total of 89 SNPs and 97 candidate genes were identified to be associated with growth-related traits of abalone using whole-genome resequencing and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis.

Butyric Acid Modulates Gut Microbiota to Alleviate Inflammation and Secondary Bone Loss in Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease that primarily affects the sacroiliac joints and axial skeleton. While the exact pathogenetic mechanism of AS remains unclear, previous reports have highlighted the involvement of genetic factors, immune responses, and gut microbiota dysregulation in the development of this condition. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are microbial fermentation products derived from sugar, protein, and dietary fibers, play a role in maintaining the intestinal barrier function and reducing inflammatory responses.

Genome-Wide Scans for Selection Signatures in Haimen Goats Reveal Candidate Genes Associated with Growth Traits.

Understanding the genetic characteristics of indigenous goat breeds is vital for their conservation and breeding. Haimen goats, native to China's Yangtze River Delta, possess distinctive traits such as white hair, moderate growth rate, high-quality meat, and small body size. However, knowledge regarding the genetic structure and germplasm characteristics of Haimen goats remains limited.

Kraft-Based Femtosecond Laser-Induced Graphene for Electrochemical Dopamine Sensing.

In this work, laser-induced graphene from kraft paper (kraft paper-LIG) was employed for the nonenzymatic electrochemical sensing of dopamine (DA). We reported the fabrication and characterization of a disposable, cost-effective, kraft-based electrochemical dopamine sensor with the sensing electrode consisting of laser-induced graphene derived from kraft paper. Kraft paper-LIG was formed by the femtosecond laser modification of kraft paper into a three-dimensional (3D) graphene arrangement.