Surveillance strategies, including routine cultures, are crucial for detecting colonization and preventing infection in HSCT units, specifically targeting multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) like CRE, CRPa, and VRE.
In a study with 1,323 samples from 200 patients over a year, 21.5% developed infections, many stemming from prior colonization, highlighting the link between colonization and increased infection risk.
Rectal swabs yielded the highest positive rates, while the effectiveness of routine VRE surveillance for auto-HSCT patients is questionable due to costs and minimal impact on survival.