Intraspecific cooperation allows the survival of Staphylococcus aureus staff: a novel strategy for disease relapse.

Background: The contribution of interspecies interactions between coinfecting pathogens to chronic refractory infection by affecting pathogenicity is well established. However, little is known about the impact of intraspecific interactions on infection relapse, despite the cross-talk of different strains within one species is more common in clinical infection. We reported a case of chronic refractory pulmonary infection relapse, caused by two methicillin-sensitive S.

Current status and progress in the omics of Clonorchis sinensis.

Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) is a fish-borne trematode that inhabits the bile duct of mammals including humans, cats, dogs, rats, and so on. In the complex life cycle of C.

Targeting Bcl-6 prevents sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease by abrogating T follicular helper differentiation in mice.

Background: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is the most common cause of non-relapse mortality (NRM) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). CD4 follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, specialized providers of T cell help to B cells, play a vital role in GVHD pathogenesis. B-cell lymphoma-6 (Bcl-6) transcription factor has been shown to be required for Tfh-mediated germinal center reactions.

Sestrin2 Overexpression Ameliorates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Apoptosis via Inhibiting mTOR Pathway in HepG2 Cells.

Sestrin2 is a highly conserved stress-inducible protein, acting as a crucial part in regulating homeostasis in response to various stress conditions in the cell. However, the role of Sestrin2 in regulating cell apoptosis related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has not been fully investigated. Our study presented here aims to reveal the effect of Sestrin2 in tunicamycin (TM)-induced cell apoptosis related to ER stress and its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Castor1 overexpression regulates microglia M1/M2 polarization via inhibiting mTOR pathway.

Microglia are resident immune cells in the brain and are closely associated with central nervous system inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. It is known that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays an important role in the polarization of microglia. Castor1 has been identified as the cytosolic arginine sensor for the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway, but the role of Castor1 in microglial polarization is still unknown.

The Gut Bacteria Dysbiosis Contributes to Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease Associated With a Treg/Th1 Ratio Imbalance.

Introduction: Dysbiosis of gut bacteria has been discovered in a large number of autoimmune diseases. However, the influence of the gut bacteria in the mice model of chronic sclerodermatous graft-versus-host disease (Scl-GVHD), a disease that resembles an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of multiple organs, such as skin, remains elusive. Here, we explore the role of gut bacteria in an Scl-cGVHD mice model.

The infection characteristics and autophagy defect of dermal macrophages in STZ-induced diabetic rats skin wound Staphylococcus aureus infection model.

Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcer infection (DFI) is an infectious disease of the skin and soft tissue in diabetics notorious for making rapid progress and being hard to cure. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), most frequently detected in DFI, recently was suggested as an intracellular pathogen that can invade and survive within mammalian host cells.

Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells prevent skin fibrosis in the cGVHD mouse model by suppressing the activation of macrophages and B cells immune response.

Objective: To illustrate the potential effects and mechanism of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) on fibrosis in sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host-disease (cGVHD) models after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Methods: We first observed the therapeutic effects of MSC-EVs on a minor histocompatibility haploidentical model of sclerodermatous cGVHD and the function of MSC-EVs on skin fibrosis and macrophage activation and the related pro-fibrosis protein. Additionally, we observed the effects of MSC-EVs on B cells, the T follicular helper cell (TFH) and germinal center B cell (GC B cells) interaction and the ratio of B cell activation factor (BAFF) to B cells in vivo.

von Willebrand Factor as a Predictor for Transplant-Associated Thrombotic Microangiopathy.

von Willebrand factor is a useful predictor and prognostic measure for TA-TMA, which may help clinicians identify and manage this life-threatening disease earlier.

Correction to: A novel generation 1928zT2 CAR T cells induce remission in extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The original article [1] contains an error in authorship whereby author, Robert Weinkove's name is mistakenly inverted. The configuration noted in this Correction article should be considered instead along with author's updated affiliation.

Extensive serum biomarker analysis in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma.

Lung cancer is a common malignant disease, nearly 2.09 million new patients occurred last year. Approximately 85% of the patients are classified as non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Recurrent arthritis caused by Candida parapsilosis: a case report and literature review.

Background: Candida arthritis is extremely rare and also represents a major challenge of diagnosis and treatment. Here we reported a rare case of recurrent arthritis caused by Candida parapsilosis.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old Chinese male suffered from recurrent pain and swelling in his right knee after several times of "small needle-knife" acupuncture and corticosteroid injection of the joint.

Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells prevent contact hypersensitivity through the suppression of Tc1 and Th1 cells and expansion of regulatory T cells.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) are taken more seriously as immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agents. We studied the therapeutic effects of MSC-EVs on allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), a typical T cell-mediated disorder. A contact hypersensitivity (CHS) mouse model for ACD was established and treated by intravenous MSC-EVs injection.

A novel generation 1928zT2 CAR T cells induce remission in extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown promise in the treatment of B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL). However, its efficacy in B-ALL patients with extramedullary involvement is limited due to poor responses and neurotoxicity. Here, we utilized a third generation of CAR T cell vector, which contains the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (ITR) domain of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), to generate 1928zT2 T cells targeting CD19, and evaluated the efficacy of 1928zT2 T cells in relapse or refractory B-ALL patients with extramedullary involvement.

Early Changes of Articular Cartilage and Subchondral Bone in The DMM Mouse Model of Osteoarthritis.

To examine the early changes of articular cartilage and subchondral bone in the DMM mouse model of osteoarthritis, mice were subjected to DMM or SHAM surgery and sacrificed at 2-, 5- and 10-week post-surgery. Catwalk gait analyses, Micro-Computed Tomography, Toluidine Blue, Picrosirius Red and Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP) staining were used to investigate gait patterns, joint morphology, subchondral bone, cartilage, collagen organization and osteoclasts activity, respectively. Results showed OA progressed over 10-week time-course.

Development of a multimarker assay for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pelvic masses.

Background: HE4, a novel tumor marker for detecting ovarian cancer, has been recently applied to clinical practice. However, the comprehensive evaluation of HE4 combined with other markers is still missing. We evaluated an optimal mode of HE4 employment for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pelvic masses.

Expression profiles of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Clonorchis sinensis: a glycolytic enzyme with plasminogen binding capacity.

Globally, 15-20 million people are infected with Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) which results in clonorchiasis. In China, clonorchiasis is considered to be one of the fastest-growing food-borne parasitic diseases.

Association between IL-21 gene rs907715 polymorphisms and Graves' disease in a Southern Chinese population.

Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a pleiotropic cytokine linking innate and adaptive immune responses, which has been reported to play a key role in multiple autoimmune diseases. The aim of the present case-control study was to investigate the genetic association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of rs907715 within the IL-21 gene and Graves' disease (GD) in a Southern Chinese population. A total of 211 patients with GD and 212 control subjects were recruited for the study.

Identification, sequence analysis, and characterization of serine/threonine protein kinase 17A from Clonorchis sinensis.

This is the first report of a novel protein from Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis), serine/threonine protein kinase 17A (CsSTK17A), which belongs to a member of the death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) family known to regulate diverse biological processes. The full-length sequence encoding CsSTK17A was isolated from C.

Molecular characterization and serological reactivity of a vacuolar ATP synthase subunit ε-like protein from Clonorchis sinensis.

The vacuolar ATPase enzyme complex (V-ATPase) pumps protons across membranes, energized by hydrolysis of ATP. Extensive investigations on structural and biochemical features of these molecules have implied their importance in the physiological process. In this study, a full-length sequence encoding a vacuolar ATP synthase subunit ε-like protein of Clonorchis sinensis (CsATP-ε) was isolated from our cDNA library.

The carcinogenic liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis: new assembly, reannotation and analysis of the genome and characterization of tissue transcriptomes.

Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis), an important food-borne parasite that inhabits the intrahepatic bile duct and causes clonorchiasis, is of interest to both the public health field and the scientific research community. To learn more about the migration, parasitism and pathogenesis of C.