Adherence to Preoperative Fasting Guidelines in Elective Surgical Patients.

Introduction: Preoperative fasting is recommended by international guidelines as a means to minimize the risk of aspiration of gastric content during induction of anesthesia or surgery. Prolonged preoperative fasting is, however, discouraged due to the associated side effects such as dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, which can negatively impact recovery after surgery. An initial quality improvement study revealed poor implementation of the best practice guidelines on preoperative fasting in three departments of a hospital and an institutional action plan was devised to enforce adherence to these guidelines.

XPS Depth-Profiling Studies of Chlorophyll Binding to Poly(cysteine methacrylate) Scaffolds in Pigment-Polymer Antenna Complexes Using a Gas Cluster Ion Source.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth-profiling with an argon gas cluster ion source (GCIS) was used to characterize the spatial distribution of chlorophyll (Chl) within a poly(cysteine methacrylate) (PCysMA) brush grown by surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from a planar surface. The organization of Chl is controlled by adjusting the brush grafting density and polymerization time. For , the C, N, S elemental composition remains constant throughout the 36 nm brush layer until the underlying gold substrate is approached.

Compliance and adherence to hand hygiene practices for effective infection control.

Hand hygiene (HH) is the most effective way to curb the spread of healthcare-associated infections. Nonetheless, healthcare personnel encounter difficulties in adhering to WHO HH recommendations. This study aimed to investigate HH compliance and adherence after the implementation of an action plan in a municipal hospital in Moscow.

Active control of strong plasmon-exciton coupling in biomimetic pigment-polymer antenna complexes grown by surface-initiated polymerisation from gold nanostructures.

Plexcitonic antenna complexes, inspired by photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes, are formed by attachment of chlorophylls (Chl) to poly(cysteine methacrylate) (PCysMA) scaffolds grown by atom-transfer radical polymerisation from gold nanostructure arrays. In these pigment-polymer antenna complexes, localised surface plasmon resonances on gold nanostructures are strongly coupled to Chl excitons, yielding hybrid light-matter states (plexcitons) that are manifested in splitting of the plasmon band. Modelling of the extinction spectra of these systems using a simple coupled oscillator model indicates that their coupling energies are up to twice as large as those measured for LHCs from plants and bacteria.

Optimization of Apta-Sensing Platform for Detection of Prostate Cancer Marker PCA3.

This work is a continuation of our research into the development of simple, reliable, and cost-effective methods for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). The proposed method is based on the electrochemical detection of the PCA3 biomarker of PCa (long non-coded RNA transcript expressed in urine) using a specific aptamer labeled with a redox group (methylene blue). The electrochemical measurements (cyclic voltammograms) obtained from electrodes functionalized with the aptamer were complemented in this work by another biosensing technique: total internal reflection ellipsometry (TIRE).

The Carpentier-Edwards Classic and Physio Annuloplasty Rings in Repair of Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Physio ring (SR) is considered an improved version of the Classic rigid ring (RR). Today, SR is more widely used in mitral valve (MV) repair. We sought to compare the long-term outcomes of repair with RR and SR in degenerative mitral valve disease.

Turning the challenge of quantum biology on its head: biological control of quantum optical systems.

When light-harvesting complex II (LHCII), isolated from spinach, is adsorbed onto arrays of gold nanostructures formed by interferometric lithography, a pronounced splitting of the plasmon band is observed that is attributable to strong coupling of the localised surface plasmon resonance to excitons in the pigment-protein complex. The system is modelled as coupled harmonic oscillators, yielding an exciton energy of 2.24 ± 0.

A synthetic biological quantum optical system.

In strong plasmon-exciton coupling, a surface plasmon mode is coupled to an array of localized emitters to yield new hybrid light-matter states (plexcitons), whose properties may in principle be controlled via modification of the arrangement of emitters. We show that plasmon modes are strongly coupled to synthetic light-harvesting maquette proteins, and that the coupling can be controlled via alteration of the protein structure. For maquettes with a single chlorin binding site, the exciton energy (2.

[Sympathetic block as a part of the treatment of coronary heart disease (Literature review)].

The given literature review is devoted to the urgent problem of improving the effectiveness of conservative treatment of patients with coronary heart disease through the use of sympathetic blockade. The authors highlight the. current understanding of the morbid physiology of cardiac angina, in particular, pain syndrome, of the state of analgesia in cardiology.

[A case of adenovirus infection complicated by gram-negative polymicrobial sepsis: A clinical and morphological observation].

Among respiratory infections, adenovirus infection (ADVI), in the presence of which there may be severe pneumonia that frequently results in a fatal outcome, occupies particular attention. ADVI in patients without immunodeficiency is usually mild and shows a limited extent of injury. At the same time the disease in immunocompromised individuals may be severe, presenting with viremia, evolving sepsis, and high death rates.

[Myocardial infarction in young population].

Description of clinical observation and literature review. Myocardial infarction in patients younger than 45 years is rare, but it is an important clinical, organizational and psychological problem. A case of myocardial infarction in 19-years old patient, who suffered since 6 years from kidney disease, is described.

[Bilateral massive pulmonary embolism: clinical observation and literature review].

The description of successful surgical treatment of a patient with bilateral massive pulmonary embolism (with the defeat of the equity and segmental branches), thrombosis of the right atrium and patent foramen ovale is given. The authors emphasize that determining predictors of successful surgical treatment of bilateral pulmonary embolism in a patient with high risk of death are the following: a) operational emergency diagnosis of disease; b) time from the beginning of clinical manifestations till embolectomy (within 1 hour); c) the maximum total removal of blood clots from the pulmonary artery and its branches. Dynamic 12 months observation showed a significant decrease of pulmonary perfusion deficiency, improvement of functional parameters of right heart chambers, absence of thromboembolism relapses.

[Myocardial revasculization in patients with ischemic heart disease and the end-stage of chronic kidney disease].

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is independent factor of progression of ischemic heart disease (IHD). In that case, it is important to know the peculiarities of diagnosis and treatment of IHD in patients with CKD. The importance of this problem is increasing due to increase of patients with CKD.