Toxicity of ceria nanoparticles to the regeneration of freshwater planarian Dugesia japonica: The role of biotransformation.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (n-CeO) have wide applications ranging from industrial to consumer products, which would inevitably lead to their release into the environment. Despite the toxicity of n-CeO on aquatic organisms has been largely reported, research on developing organisms is still lacking. In this study, we investigate the toxic effects of n-CeO on the stem cells, tissue- and neuro-regeneration, using freshwater planarian Dugesia japonica as a model.