Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on neuropeptide Y plasma levels in stressed individuals.

Background: Clinical studies have suggested that dysregulation of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) system may play a role in psychiatric disorders, including chronic stress. Meanwhile, Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has shown promise for stress-related maladies. However, no studies have explored whether MBSR can change plasma NPY concentration in stressed individuals.

Altered self-reported resting state mediates the effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on mental health: a longitudinal path model analysis within a community-based randomized trial with 6-months follow-up.

Background: A large body of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has shown that mindfulness-based interventions are effective for improving mental health, but research is lacking in regards to the mechanisms of change. We aimed to investigate the mediating effects of self-reported altered resting state of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on mental health, when provided as a universal intervention in a real-life context.

Methods: Autoregressive path models with three time points of measurement, and contemporaneous and constant paths were used in an RCT.

The impact of an organizational-level mindfulness-based intervention on workplace social capital and psychological safety: A qualitative content analysis.

Background: Through the past decades, the mental health of the European population has been continuously declining. Social relations in various spheres of life, including workplace settings, have been shown to impact mental health. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been found effective in enhancing well-being, and reducing perceived stress, and symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among Icelanders, data from a cross-sectional study in Iceland.

Background: Mental health challenges are on the rise worldwide. In Iceland, little is known about the sociodemographic factors associated with poor mental health. This study aimed to investigate symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and psychiatric medication for mental disorders in a nationally representative sample in Iceland and to explore its associations with sociodemographic factors.

On Top of Everything: a study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial testing a teacher training programme to teach mindfulness among students in Danish upper secondary schools and schools of health and social care.

Background: Mental health is decreasing among young people in Denmark. Our primary aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of a teacher training programme to teach mindfulness as part of regular classroom teaching in Danish upper secondary schools and schools of health and social care on students' self-reported mental well-being 6 months from baseline. Secondary aims are (1) to evaluate the effectiveness in a vulnerable subgroup as well as in the total population of students 3 and 6 months from baseline using other outcome measures on mental health and (2) to investigate the facilitators and barriers among teachers to implement mindfulness in schools.

The effect of mental health interventions on psychological distress for informal caregivers of people with mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Informal caregivers of people with a mental illness are at increased risk of developing depression, anxiety, and stress, so preventive interventions are needed.

Method: The review was reported in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42018094454). The PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched in June 2019.

Psychometric properties of the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale in a sample of Danish schoolchildren.

Aim: The aims of this this study was to examine the psychometric properties, including internal consistency and construct validity, of the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS) in a sample of Danish schoolchildren aged 10-16 years.

Method: A total of 1155 schoolchildren (54% girls) aged 10-16 years (=12 years, =1.3) responded to an electronic questionnaire as part of the Danish SELFCARE study.

Is patient activation a mediator of the effect of a health promoting intervention in adults at high risk of type 2 diabetes? A longitudinal path model analysis within a randomised trial.

Background: Exploring mediators of preventive intervention effects has important implications for the planning of complex interventions. Our aim was to assess the extent to which knowledge, skills and confidence to manage health, here measured as "patient activation", was a mediator of the effect of the intervention "Live your life without diabetes" on weight, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure at 12 months follow-up in adults at high risk of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Autoregressive path models with three time points of measurement, and contemporaneous and constant b paths were used in a randomised controlled trial (RCT).

The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction for school teachers: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Teaching has been found to be one of the most stressful occupations. Hence, current interest in reducing stress and enhancing the well-being of teachers is strong. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is documented to be effective in reducing stress and increasing well-being.

Mediators for the Effect of Compassion Cultivating Training: A Longitudinal Path Analysis in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Caregivers of People With Mental Illness.

There is a paucity of research on mediators of change, within compassion training programs. The aim was to investigate the mediators, of an 8-week compassion cultivation training (CCT) program, on the effect of psychological distress on caregivers of people with a mental illness. Longitudinal path models in a randomized controlled trial (RCT).

The Effects of a Mindfulness Program on Mental Health in Students at an Undergraduate Program for Teacher Education: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Real-Life.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of a mindfulness program including Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on the mental health of student teachers when offered at their educational institution in a real-life context. A parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted among self-selected student teachers at a Danish undergraduate program for teacher education in the autumns of 2019 and 2020. Participation was not recommended in case of (1) clinical depression or a diagnosis of psychosis or schizophrenia, (2) abuse of alcohol, drugs, and/or medicine.

Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate in adults with self-reported stress. A randomized trial.

Long-term stress can lead to long-term increased cortisol plasma levels, which increases the risk of numerous diseases. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfated form dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS), together DHEA(S), have shown to counteract some of the effects of cortisol and may be protective during stress. The program "Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction" (MBSR) has shown to have positive effects on stress.

Associations between mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among schoolchildren. A cross-sectional survey in Denmark 2019.

We aimed to investigate associations between mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among schoolchildren in Denmark. We performed a cross-sectional survey from January to October 2019 among 4th to 9th graders (=1247) based on pilot data from a nationwide research project Stress-free Everyday LiFe for Children and Adolescents REsearch (SELFCARE). We assessed mental health using the five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index and the self-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.

Effect of a Compassion Cultivation Training Program for Caregivers of People With Mental Illness in Denmark: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Caregivers of people with mental illness are at increased risk of developing depression, anxiety, and stress.

Objective: To investigate the effect of a compassion cultivation training (CCT) program on decreasing caregiver psychological distress.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This waitlist-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2 different community settings in Denmark.

Stress-free Everyday LiFe for Children and Adolescents REsearch (SELFCARE): a protocol for a cluster randomised trial testing a school teacher training programme to teach mindfulness (".b").

Background: There is a call for sustainable, evidence-based interventions in schools to promote mental health in schoolchildren. Our primary aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness in vulnerable pupils of a school teacher training programme to teach mindfulness (".b" programme) as a part of compulsory class room teaching in Danish schools on the pupils' self-reported mental health at 6-month follow-up.

A pilot randomised trial comparing a mindfulness-based stress reduction course, a locally-developed stress reduction intervention and a waiting list control group in a real-life municipal health care setting.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to conduct a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) to lend support to a larger effectiveness RCT comparing Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), a locally-developed stress reduction intervention (LSR) and a waiting list control group in a Danish municipal health care center setting.

Methods: A three-armed parallel pilot RCT was conducted among 71 adults who contacted a Danish municipal health care center due to stress-related problems. Recruitment was made between January and April 2018 and followed usual procedures.

[A lack of systematic in stress-reducing measures but documented effect of mindfullness-based stress reduction].

Long-term stress is a major and still rising public health problem, which is associated with increased risk of disease and mortality. In this review, we find that a systematic literature search of stress-reducing interventions tested in a randomised controlled trial (RCT)-design in Denmark showed, that interventions are only tested one or two times and only by the same research group. Furthermore, the international literature is not reviewed sufficiently before developing new interventions.

Effects of a motivational, individual and locally anchored exercise intervention (MILE) on cardiorespiratory fitness: a community-based randomised controlled trial.

Background: Risk factors for chronic disease, including low cardiorespiratory fitness levels (VO), are often present in middle-aged populations. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a motivational, individual, and locally anchored physical activity intervention on increasing VO in 30-49 year-olds with low VO.

Methods: 232 adult volunteers with low VO were randomised to intervention (n = 115) or routine care (n = 117).

Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in a Self-Selecting and Self-Paying Community Setting.

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) when implemented in a community setting as a self-referred and self-paid course. Pre-post changes and Cohen's effect sizes were calculated for questionnaire measures of mindfulness, perceived stress, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. We compared these effect sizes with those from intervention groups in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with populations similar to our study sample.

Relationships between health literacy, motivation and diet and physical activity in people with type 2 diabetes participating in peer-led support groups.

Aims: To investigate associations between health literacy (HL) and diet and physical activity, and motivation and diet and physical activity in Danish people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We used a cross-sectional design including 194 individuals with type 2 diabetes participating in peer-led support groups provided by the Danish Diabetes Association between January-December 2015. The participants completed a questionnaire at the first meeting including; The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) measure, The Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ) (Self-Determination Theory) measuring type of motivation, and two HL scales: The HLS-EU-Q16, and the Diabetes Health Literacy scale (Ishikawa, H).

How to prevent type 2 diabetes in women with previous gestational diabetes? A systematic review of behavioural interventions.

Objectives: Women with previous gestational diabetes (GDM) have a seven times higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) than women without. We aimed to review the evidence of effective behavioural interventions seeking to prevent T2DM in this high-risk group.

Methods: A systematic review of RCTs in several databases in March 2016.

Sunbed use among 64,000 Danish students and the associations with demographic factors, health-related behaviours, and appearance-related factors.

Sunbed use is associated with an increased risk for skin cancer and is particularly dangerous for younger persons. The objective of this study was to assess how demographic factors, health-related behaviours and appearance-related factors are associated with sunbed use. Cross-sectional data from the Danish National Youth Study collected by the National Institute of Public Health during 2014 was used.

Effectiveness of a brief theory-based health promotion intervention among adults at high risk of type 2 diabetes: One-year results from a randomised trial in a community setting.

Aim: To examine the effect of a brief theory-based health promotion intervention delivered in the community on health behaviour and diabetes-related risk factors among Danish adults at high risk of diabetes.

Methods: A randomised trial was conducted among 127 individuals aged 28 to 70 with fasting plasma glucose: 6.1-6.