ARS Component B: structural characterization, tissue expression and regulation of the gene and protein (SLURP-1) associated with Mal de Meleda.

The ARS Component B gene (EMBL ID: HSARS81S, AC: X99977) encodes a 9 kD non-glycosylated polypeptide (also known as SLURP-1, SwissProt/TrEMBL: P55000), a soluble member of the human Ly6/uPAR superfamily. ARS Component B gene mutations have been implicated in Mal de Meleda. In this study we show by immunohistochemistry that SLURP-1 (secreted Ly-6/uPAR related protein, the protein product of the ARS Component B gene) is localized to human skin, exocervix, gums, stomach and esophagus.

Pharmacokinetics and acute tolerance of a double virus inactivated plasma derived factor VIII concentrate.

To further reduce the risk of possible viral disease transmission, an additional virucidal step was performed in the manufacturing process of a solvent/detergent treated factor VIII concentrate, which consisted of heating the lyophilized preparation at 100 degrees C for 30 min (Emoclot DI; ISI, Italy). Because thermal treatment may modify factor VIII bioavailability, the pharmacokinetic parameters and the acute tolerance of the single viral inactivated concentrate (preparation A) were compared with that of the double viral inactivated one (preparation B). Fifteen patients with severe haemophilia A and positive for HAV Ab were enrolled in a double-blind cross-over study and injected with 32.

Myocardial fatty acid pattern in rats fed on an erucic acid enriched diet.

Individual lipid classes and their fatty acid pattern in myocardium of rats fed on a diet containing 10% erucic acid ethyl ester (cis-13-docosenoic acid ethyl ester) were investigated and compared to rats fed on a normal diet. Two groups of rats were treated for 10 consecutive days with the erucic acid ethyl ester diet and the standard diet, respectively. After extracting total lipids from the myocardium of the rats, the individual lipid classes and the percentage of fatty acids in phospholipids, free fatty acids, diglycerides and triglycerides were measured.

Effect of prolonged treatment with propionyl-L-carnitine on erucic acid-induced myocardial dysfunction in rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of propionyl-L-carnitine to prevent cardiac damage induced by erucic acid. Rats were fed for 10 days with normal or 10% erucic acid-enriched diets with or without propionyl-L-carnitine intraperitoneally injected, (1 mM/kg daily, for 10 days). The erucic acid diet produced increases in triglycerides (from 5.

Misleading results in studying pharmacodynamic interaction with oral anticoagulant.

We described an experimental condition, in which the i.p. administration of rats of irritants produces a misleading increase of the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.

Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on mechanical function of isolated rabbit heart.

We studied the acute and chronic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC) on mechanical function of isolated rabbit heart. Propionyl-L-carnitine was either directly delivered in the perfusate (10(-9) to 10(-3) M) or intraperitoneally injected (250 mg/kg) for 10 days to the animals. When added acutely, propionyl-L-carnitine had no effect on inotropism, heart rate, or coronary perfusion pressure.

Misleading results in studying pharmacodynamic interaction with oral anticoagulants.

An experimental conditions is described in which the i.p. administration to rats of irritants produces a misleading increase of the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.

A total body hyperthermia animal model for pharmacological studies.

Toxic side effects are the main drawback in localized and total body hyperthermia for the treatment of tumours. This paper reports a total body hyperthermia animal model which may be used as an experimental tool in the search for conditions or drugs capable of inhibiting the toxic effects of hyperthermia.

Structure-analgesic activity relationships in a set of 2-aminobenzamide derivatives.

A set of 2-aminobenzamide derivatives designed as analgesic following the principles of correlation analysis have been prepared and tested. The analgesic effects shown by these products are similar to those of non-narcotic analgesic drugs; moreover, they do not show antipyretic effects and are inactive or very poor inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis. Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) show that the analgesic potency (writhing test) is a function of the octanol-water partition coefficient.

Anti-inflammatory activity of Eryngium maritimum L. rhizome extracts in intact rats.

The administration of rough hydrophilic extract of Eryngium maritimum L. to intact rats inhibits carrageenin induced paw oedema, but it is inactive against cotton pellet granuloma; moreover, the extract does not reduce the weight of thymus, adrenals and spleen. These data show that the anti-inflammatory effect of E.

Possible dopaminergic involvement in biting compulsion induced by large doses of clonidine.

The effects of amphetamine, scopolamine, phenoxybenzamine, haloperidol and clozapine on biting compulsion induced by large doses of clonidine were studied in mice. Clonidine-induced biting compulsion was potentiated by amphetamine and scopolamine, and inhibited by phenoxybenzamine, haloperidol and clozapine. It appears that biting compulsion elicited by clonidine is mediated by the stimulation of both noradrenaline and dopamine in the brain.

Effects of dapiprazole on pupillary size and intraocular pressure in rabbits.

The effects of 3-[2-[4-(2-methylphenyl)-1- piperazinyl]ethyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine HCl (dapiprazole), a new drug with alpha-adrenergic blocking properties, on pupillary diameter and intraocular pressure have been studied in rabbits. Following i.v.

General pharmacological properties of dapiprazole, a potential psychotropic agent.

A study of the general pharmacology of 3-[2-[4-(2-methylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazolo-[4,3-alpyridine HCl (dapiprazole), a new psychotropic agent, is reported. The predominant feature of this compound appears to be alpha-adrenergic blockade. This action has been observed both in vitro and in vivo.

Psychopharmacological profile of dapiprazole, a new potential antipsychotic agent.

3-[2-[4-(2-Methylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine HCl (dapiprazole is a new compound endowed with a unique psychopharmacological profile. It inhibits amphetamine toxicity in grouped mice, and alcohol and morphine withdrawal syndromes, whereas it is almost inactive in the screening models for neuroleptics relying on dopaminergic activity. It also produces sedation, blocks conditioned avoidance reflex, reduces the response to noxious stimuli, has EEG synchronizing effects and inhibits the arousal reaction.

Acute cardiovascular toxicity of trazodone, etoperidone and imipramine in rats.

The cardiovascular effects of trazodone, a broad-spectrum antidepressant and its analogue etoperidone, were compared with imipramine, following intravenous infusion in rats. Their effects on electrocardiogram and blood pressure were simultaneously recorded until cardiac arrest. Hypotension was the primary effect of trazodone and etoperidone.

Comparative cardiovascular toxicity of trazodone and imipramine in the rat.

Several authors have associated the cardiotoxicity of the tricyclic antidepressants with their capacity to potentiate the response to catecholamines. Trazodone is a psychotropic drug with a clinically proven antidepressant activity. It differes from the tricyclic antidepressants under several aspects (chemistry, pharmacology, mode and mechanism of action, etc.