Risk of Bowel Obstruction After Hysterectomy for Benign Indication According to Surgical Method in Denmark, 1984-2013.

Study Objective: To estimate the risk of bowel obstruction (BO) after hysterectomy for benign indications depending on the surgical method (abdominal, vaginal, or laparoscopic) and identify risk factors for adhesive BO.

Design: A national registry-based cohort.

Setting: Danish hospitals during the period 1984-2013.

Mechanisms Underlying Absent Training-Induced Improvement in Insulin Action in Lean, Hyperandrogenic Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been shown to be less insulin sensitive compared with control (CON) women, independent of BMI. Training is associated with molecular adaptations in skeletal muscle, improving glucose uptake and metabolism in both healthy individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes. In the current study, lean hyperandrogenic women with PCOS ( = 9) and healthy CON women ( = 9) completed 14 weeks of controlled and supervised exercise training.

Multistrain Probiotic Increases the Gut Microbiota Diversity in Obese Pregnant Women: Results from a Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study.

Background: Maternal obesity is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy may have positive effects on blood glucose, gestational weight gain (GWG), and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)].

Objectives: This feasibility study involved a daily probiotic intervention in obese pregnant women from the early second trimester until delivery.

Persistence of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus in women living with HIV in Denmark - the SHADE.

Background: Women living with HIV (WLWH) have high rates of persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infections and cervical cancer. We aimed to assess the distribution of hrHPV genotypes, risk factors of type-specific hrHPV persistence, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or worse (≥HSIL) in WLWH in Denmark.

Methods: From the prospective Study on HIV, cervical Abnormalities and infections in women in Denmark (SHADE) we identified WLWH with a positive hrHPV test during the study period; 2011-2014.

Danish doctors' reactions to 'internationalization' in clinical training in a public university hospital.

Objective: From 2012 to 2015, two Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and two Departments of Pediatrics at the University of Copenhagen implemented an English medium international project. The project allowed international students to work in pairs with local Danish speaking students in a clinical setting. The student cohort was supported by Danish doctors who were responsible for student-pair supervision in English and, ultimately, patient care.

Prevalence and treatment of group B streptococcus colonization based on risk factors versus intrapartum culture screening.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of group B streptococcus at onset of labor and to compare the accuracy of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis based on a risk factor strategy versus an intrapartum screening.

Study Design: In this cross-sectional study, 700 women referred for intended vaginal delivery were tested for group B streptococcus at onset of labor by gold standard culture in vaginal and rectal swabs. The results were blinded, and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis was given to women with risk factors for group B streptococcus infection: previous neonatal group B streptococcus infection, group B streptococcus in urine and/or vagina in current pregnancy, gestational age <36 + 0 weeks, temperature ≥38.

Molecular Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle Underlying Insulin Resistance in Women Who Are Lean With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Context: Skeletal muscle molecular mechanisms underlying insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are poorly understood.

Objective: To provide insight into mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle insulin resistance in women who are lean with PCOS.

Participants And Methods: A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with skeletal muscle biopsies was performed.

Risk of adhesive bowel obstruction after abdominal surgery. A national cohort study of 665,423 Danish women.

Background: Adhesive bowel obstruction is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality, but the magnitude of the risk is debated.

Method: In a national cohort of all Danish women with an abdominal operation (N = 665,423) between 1977 and 2013, the risk of adhesive bowel obstruction was assessed by Cox multiple regression. Covariates were the number of abdominal operations, the surgical methods, the anatomical site involved, and the calendar year.

Are previous episodes of bacterial vaginosis a predictor for vaginal symptoms in breast cancer patients treated with aromatase inhibitors?

Objective To estimate the prevalence of vaginal symptoms in postmenopausal women with breast cancer exposed to aromatase inhibitors, and to investigate if the risk of vaginal symptoms is associated with previous episodes of bacterial vaginosis. Methods Patients from Rigshospitalet and Herlev University Hospital, Denmark, were identified through the register of Danish Breast Cancer Cooperation Group and 78 patients participated in the study. Semiquantitave questionnaires and telephone interview were used to assess the prevalence of vaginal symptoms and previous episode(s) of bacterial vaginosis.

Postpartum airway responsiveness and exacerbation of asthma during pregnancy - a pilot study.

Background: Airway responsiveness and inflammation are associated with the clinical manifestations of asthma and the response to pharmacological therapy.

Objective: To investigate if airway responsiveness and inflammatory characteristics are related to asthma exacerbations during pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: In women with asthma who were prescribed controller medication and monitored closely during pregnancy, the risk of exacerbations was analyzed in relation to postpartum measures of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FNO), skin prick test reactivity, static and dynamic lung volumes, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, bronchial responsiveness to inhaled mannitol, and inflammatory characteristics in induced sputum.

Obstetrical complications in dichorionic twin pregnancies in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Introduction: Both women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and women with twin pregnancies have increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of PCOS and maternal androgen levels on the outcome of dichorionic twin pregnancy.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study of 360 women with dichorionic twin pregnancies: 72 women with PCOS from a fertility clinic (years 1997-2010) and 288 women without PCOS from a hospital cohort (years 2005-2007).

Excessive gestational weight gain in first trimester is a risk factor for exacerbation of asthma during pregnancy: A prospective study of 1283 pregnancies.

Background: Acute exacerbation during pregnancy is the most important risk factor for an unfavorable outcome of pregnancy in women with asthma.

Objective: We sought to identify pregnancy-related risk factors for acute exacerbations of asthma during pregnancy.

Methods: Since 2007, all pregnant women referred to give birth at Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark, have been offered participation in the prospective Management of Asthma during Pregnancy (MAP) program.

Prevalence and distribution of cervical high-risk human papillomavirus and cytological abnormalities in women living with HIV in Denmark - the SHADE.

Background: Women living with HIV (WLWH) are at increased risk of persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer compared with women from the general population (WGP). We assessed the prevalence and distribution of cervical high-risk (hr) HPV infection and cytological abnormalities in WLWH compared with WGP in Denmark. Predictors of HPV and cytological abnormalities were estimated in WLWH.

Low risk of adverse obstetrical and perinatal outcome in pregnancies complicated by asthma: A case control study.

Background: Asthma in pregnancy have been associated with an increased risk of pregnancy complications. Our aim was to estimate incidence and describe risk factors for adverse obstetrical and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with asthma.

Methods: Women enrolled in the Management of Asthma during Pregnancy (MAP) program were each matched with three controls (i.

The impact of gastric bypass surgery on sex hormones and menstrual cycles in premenopausal women.

Obesity has adverse effects on ovulation, menstrual cyclicity and oocyte development leading to clinical symptoms such as infertility and menstrual disorders. The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) leads to weight loss, improved insulin sensitivity and may improve ovarian function. In 31 premenopausal women, 18 eu- and 13 oligo-/amenorrhoic, we followed the changes in follicular phase sex hormones 3, 6 and 12 month after RYGB.

Effects of probiotics (Vivomixx®) in obese pregnant women and their newborn: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Maternal obesity is associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy-related complications and outcomes for both mothers and infants. Overweight and obese women have an increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Infant Body Mass index (BMI) and the risk of obesity in adulthood are related to maternal gestational weight gain (GWG).

The Impact of Upper Abdominal Pain During Pregnancy Following a Gastric Bypass.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the risk of internal herniation (IH) and the obstetric outcome in pregnant women with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and episodes of upper abdominal pain.

Methods: The cohort included 133 women with RYGB: 94 with 113 pregnancies, from the local area referred for routine antenatal care (local cohort) and 39 with 40 pregnancies referred from other hospitals for specialist consultation due to RYGB. RYGB was mainly performed without closure of the mesenteric defects.

A new model of paired clinical teaching of international and Danish medical students.

Introduction: Since 2006, one hospital has offered two clinical courses in obstetrics/gynaecology and paediatrics to international (I) students. However, as I-student enrolment increased, the hospital faced cut-backs. As from 2010, I-team course evaluations therefore dropped to unacceptable levels and more I- than Danish (DK) students failed exams.

A Time Interval of More Than 18 Months Between a Pregnancy and a Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Increases the Risk of Iron Deficiency and Anaemia in Pregnancy.

Objective: The aim of the study is to explore the impact of time between Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and pregnancy on obstetrical outcome and nutritional derangements.

Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study of pregnant women admitted for antenatal care at two tertiary hospitals, we examined 153 women with RYGB and a singleton pregnancy of at least 24 weeks. The women were stratified according to a pregnancy <18 months (40 women) or ≥18 months (113 women) after RYGB.

Intake of carbohydrates during pregnancy in obese women is associated with fat mass in the newborn offspring.

Background: Transmission of obesity across generations is of concern. Offspring of obese women have short- and long-term increased morbidities. A high intake of carbohydrate during pregnancy combined with impaired glucose tolerance is postulated to result in high birth weight, which is linked to subsequent metabolic disease.

Women with minor menstrual irregularities have increased risk of preeclampsia and low birthweight in spontaneous pregnancies.

Introduction: Very few studies describe the obstetric and neonatal outcome of spontaneous pregnancies in women with irregular menstrual cycles. However, menstrual cycle irregularities are common and may be associated with increased risk, and women who develop pregnancy complications more frequently recollect irregular menstrual cycles before the time of conception in case-control studies.

Material And Methods: This retrospective cohort study compares obstetric and neonatal outcomes in spontaneous singleton pregnancies in 3440 primiparous Danish women stratified according to menstrual cycle regularity.

Intake of Sweets, Snacks and Soft Drinks Predicts Weight Gain in Obese Pregnant Women: Detailed Analysis of the Results of a Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: Lifestyle interventions targeting obese pregnant women often result in modest reduction in gestational weight gain, pregnancy complications and related risk factors. Examining adherence to the intervention can, however, provide valuable information on the importance of the different factors targeted.

Objective: To evaluate improvements and relevance of different dietary factors targeted with respect to gestational weight gain in a 3-arm Randomised Controlled Trial (n=342) among obese pregnant women with BMI≥30 kg/m2.

The Association between Newborn Regional Body Composition and Cord Blood Concentrations of C-Peptide and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I.

Background: Third trimester fetal growth is partially regulated by C-peptide and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Prenatal exposures including maternal obesity and high gestational weight gain as well as high birth weight have been linked to subsequent metabolic disease. We evaluated the associations between newborn regional body composition and cord blood levels of C-peptide and IGF-I.

Polycystic ovary syndrome: cardiovascular risk factors according to specific phenotypes.

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the impact of insulin resistance and body mass index (BMI) on inflammatory and hemostatic variables associated with long-term risk of cardiovascular disease in women with PCOS.

Material And Methods: 149 premenopausal women with PCOS were recruited consecutively from April 2010 to February 2012 at three Danish University Hospitals.