Retinal layer thickness predicts disability accumulation in early relapsing multiple sclerosis.

Background And Purpose: This study was undertaken to investigate baseline peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness for prediction of disability accumulation in early relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS).

Methods: From a prospective observational study, we included patients with newly diagnosed RMS and obtained spectral-domain optical coherence tomography scan within 90 days after RMS diagnosis. Impact of pRNFL and GCIPL thickness for prediction of disability accumulation (confirmed Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score ≥ 3.

Olfactory threshold predicts treatment response in relapsing multiple sclerosis.

Background: Olfactory threshold (OT) is associated with short-term inflammatory activity in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS).

Objective: We aimed to investigate OT for prediction of treatment response in RMS.

Methods: In this 5-year prospective study on 123 RMS patients, OT was measured at disease-modifying treatment (DMT) initiation (M0), after 3 months (M3), and 12 months (M12) by Sniffin' Sticks test.

Changes in Brain Energy and Membrane Metabolism in Glioblastoma following Chemoradiation.

Brain parenchyma infiltration with glioblastoma (GB) cannot be entirely visualized by conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the energy and membrane metabolism measured with phosphorous MR spectroscopy (31P-MRS) in the presumably "normal-appearing" brain following chemoradiation therapy (CRT) in GB patients in comparison to healthy controls. Twenty (seven female, thirteen male) GB patients underwent a 31P-MRS scan prior to surgery (baseline) and after three months of standard CRT (follow-up examination.

Energy metabolism measured by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the healthy human brain.

Background And Purpose: Phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) allows a non-invasive analysis of phosphorus-containing compounds in vivo. The present study investigated the influence of brain region, hemisphere, age, sex and brain volume on 31P-MRS metabolites in healthy adults.

Materials And Methods: Supratentorial brain 31P-MRS spectra of 125 prospectively recruited healthy volunteers (64 female, 61 male) aged 20 to 85 years (mean: 49.

Phosphorous Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to Detect Regional Differences of Energy and Membrane Metabolism in Naïve Glioblastoma Multiforme.

: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly malignant primary brain tumor with infiltration of, on conventional imaging, normal-appearing brain parenchyma. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) enables the investigation of different energy and membrane metabolites. The aim of this study is to investigate regional differences of 31P-metabolites in GBM brains.

Ultrasonography of the Peripheral Nerves of the Forearm, Wrist and Hand: Definition of Landmarks, Anatomical Correlation and Clinical Implications.

Background:  Peripheral nerve pathologies of the upper extremity are increasingly assessed by high-resolution ultrasonography (HRUS), yet rapid identification of nerve segments can be difficult due to small nerve diameters and complex regional anatomy. We propose a landmark-based approach to speed up and facilitate evaluation and intervention in this region.

Method:  Relevant landmarks and section planes for eleven nerve segments of the forearm, wrist and hand were defined by ultrasonography in cadaver arms before cryosection and topographical neurovascular preparation.

Cerebral Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in a Patient with Giant Cell Arteritis and Endovascular Therapy.

With phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) energy metabolites can be visualised. In this case study, we report on a patient with stenosis and wall contrast enhancement in the left internal carotid and the right vertebral artery, due to giant cell arteritis. 31P MRS revealed a decreased inorganic phosphate-to-phosphocreatine ratio (Pi/PCr) in regions with a prolonged mean transit time (MTT).

Paroxysmal and unusual symptoms as first clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis do not indicate benign prognosis-The PaSiMS II study.

Background: Paroxysmal (PS) and unusual symptoms (US) account for approximately 1.6% of initial manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS) and have comparable conversion rates to clinically definite MS (CDMS) as classical bout onset symptoms (CS). However, long-term prognosis and clinical outcome of patients experiencing PS or US as first clinical manifestation are unclear.