Pool water disinfection by ozone-bromine treatment: Assessing the disinfectant efficacy and the occurrence and in vitro toxicity of brominated disinfection by-products.

Pool water is continuously circulated and reused after an extensive treatment including disinfection by chlorination, ozonation or UV treatment. In Germany, these methods are regulated by DIN standard 19643. Recently, the DIN standard has been extended by a new disinfection method using hypobromous acid as disinfectant formed by introducing ozone into water with naturally or artificially high bromide content during water treatment.

Aggregation of TiO and Ag nanoparticles in soil solution - Effects of primary nanoparticle size and dissolved organic matter characteristics.

The colloidal stability of nanoparticles NP in soil solution is important to assess their potential effects on ecosystems. The aim of this work was to elucidate the interactions between initial particle size d, particle number concentration (N) as well as the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) for stabilizing Ag NP and TiO NP. In batch experiments using time-resolved dynamic light scattering (DLS), we investigated the aggregation of TiO NP (79 nm, 164 nm) and citrate-stabilised Ag NP (73 nm, 180 nm) in Ca solution (2 mM) and two soil solutions, one extracted from a farmland and one from a floodplain soil (each containing 2 mM Ca).

Retention and remobilization mechanisms of environmentally aged silver nanoparticles in an artificial riverbank filtration system.

Riverbank filtration systems are important structures that ensure the cleaning of infiltrating surface water for drinking water production. In our study, we investigated the potential risk for a breakthrough of environmentally aged silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) through these systems. Additionally, we identified factors leading to the remobilization of Ag NP accumulated in surficial sediment layers in order to gain insights into remobilization mechanisms.