WIC Peer Counselors Support Breastfeeding Among WIC Participants.

Background: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, also known as WIC, is associated with improved health outcomes for participants. The role of WIC Peer Counselors was created to support breastfeeding among WIC participants.

Objective: This Naturalistic Inquiry study explored the perceptions and experiences of 9 WIC Peer Counselors located in Southeast Texas.

Character strength traits, states, and emotional well-being: A daily diary study.

Objective: Does whole trait theory work for character strengths? This study examines the daily within- and between-person variability of the manifestations of positively valued lower-order personality characteristics, namely character strengths, their convergence with trait character strengths, and their relationships to daily measures of affect.

Background: Manifestations of personality traits vary both between- and within people. So far, research has focused on between-person differences in character strengths, while within-person differences have been neglected.

ERAP-1 and ERAP-2 Variants in Liver Injury After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination: A US Multicenter Study.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to describe the presenting features, genetic factors, and outcomes of 23 adults who developed liver injury after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination.

Methods: Patients with suspected COVID-19 vaccine hepatitis were enrolled into the Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network. Causality was assessed using the Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network expert opinion score.

Reduced bacterial load in stallion semen by modified single layer centrifugation or sperm washing.

The presence of bacteria poses a significant challenge to the quality of stallion semen used in artificial insemination. The bacterial content of insemination doses arises from various sources, such as the healthy stallion, environment, and collection equipment, and is implicated in fertility problems as well as reduced sperm quality during storage. The conventional approach of adding antibiotics to semen extenders raises concerns about antimicrobial resistance and potential negative effects on sperm characteristics, and may not be effective in inhibiting all bacteria.

We don't know what you did last summer. On the importance of transparent reporting of reaction time data pre-processing.

In behavioral, cognitive, and social sciences, reaction time measures are an important source of information. However, analyses on reaction time data are affected by researchers' analytical choices and the order in which these choices are applied. The results of a systematic literature review, presented in this paper, revealed that the justification for and order in which analytical choices are conducted are rarely reported, leading to difficulty in reproducing results and interpreting mixed findings.

Functional Independence of Children With Arthrogryposis.

Background: Arthrogryposis (AMC) is a descriptive term to characterize a child born with multiple joint contractures. Treatment aims to improve functional independence, yet the literature objectively describing functional independence in this population is scarce. This study aimed to describe the functional independence of children with AMC through the lens of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT) and observational activities of daily living (ADL) tasks.

Paragons of character-Character strengths and well-being of moral, creative, and religious exemplars.

Objective: Which traits best describe individuals who are recognized as exemplary in different domains? And can self-rated positively valued personality traits distinguish such individuals from the general population?

Background: The study of exemplary individuals' personality traits traditionally focused on general and broad traits. Using character strengths, which are narrower and designed to describe desirable behavior, could provide new insights.

Method: In this study, we examined 204 outstanding individuals-exemplars who received or were nominated for a public award recognizing their exemplary behavior (e.

Stakeholder engagement in the development of an upper extremity outcome measure for children with rare musculoskeletal conditions.

Background: Upper extremity (UE) involvement is prevalent in 73% of individuals with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC), yet no AMC-specific outcome measure exists. When developing a measure specific to a population with a rare musculoskeletal condition, clinicians' and patients' perspectives and involvement is a crucial and necessary step. This study sought to determine the most clinically useful items for an outcome measure of UE function for children with AMC as defined by caregivers and clinicians.

Association Between End-Stage Liver Disease and Incident Heart Failure in an Integrated Health System.

Background: End-stage liver disease (ESLD) and heart failure (HF) often coexist and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the true incidence of HF among patients with ESLD remains understudied.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the association between ESLD and incident HF in a real-world clinical cohort.

Towards understanding oxygen heterocycle-forming biocatalysts: a selectivity study of the pyran synthase PedPS7.

Intramolecular oxa-Michael addition-catalysing cyclases are widespread in polyketide biosynthetic pathways. Although they have significant potential in biotechnology and chemoenzymatic synthesis of chiral heterocycles, they have only scarcely been studied. Here, we present detailed investigations on the selectivity profile of the pyran synthase PedPS7 showing that it combines broad substrate tolerance with high selectivity for the formation of up to two new stereocentres and relaxed precursor stereoisomer discrimination.

C/EBPβ regulates lipid metabolism and isoform 2 expression in alveolar macrophages.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a syndrome characterized by accumulation of surfactant lipoproteins within the lung alveoli. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are crucial for surfactant clearance, and their differentiation depends on colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), which regulates the establishment of an AM-characteristic gene regulatory network. Here, we report that the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) is essential for the development of the AM identity, as demonstrated by transcriptome and chromatin accessibility analysis.

Patient-reported Outcomes for Children With Unilateral Congenital Below Elbow Deficiency.

Background: The Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS ® ) is a validated tool used to evaluate different domains of function in patients with chronic health conditions. This tool has not been validated in children with unilateral congenital below elbow deficiency (UCBED). The purpose of this study was to determine whether PROMIS discerns functional impairment for children with UCBED and whether children with UCBED differ from the general population with respect to PROMIS outcomes.

The globalizability of temporal discounting.

Economic inequality is associated with preferences for smaller, immediate gains over larger, delayed ones. Such temporal discounting may feed into rising global inequality, yet it is unclear whether it is a function of choice preferences or norms, or rather the absence of sufficient resources for immediate needs. It is also not clear whether these reflect true differences in choice patterns between income groups.

Tongue immune compartment analysis reveals spatial macrophage heterogeneity.

The tongue is a unique muscular organ situated in the oral cavity where it is involved in taste sensation, mastication, and articulation. As a barrier organ, which is constantly exposed to environmental pathogens, the tongue is expected to host an immune cell network ensuring local immune defence. However, the composition and the transcriptional landscape of the tongue immune system are currently not completely defined.

Levels of abdominal adipose tissue and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in middle age according to average fast-food intake over the preceding 25 years: the CARDIA Study.

Background: Higher levels of intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) comprising visceral adipose tissue (VAT), intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), and liver fat are posited drivers of obesity-related chronic disease risk. Fast food is hypothesized to contribute to IAAT patterns.

Objectives: We quantified levels of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), IAAT, and odds of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in middle age according to average fast-food intake over the preceding 25 y.

Cross-linking of a polyketide synthase domain leads to a recyclable biocatalyst for chiral oxygen heterocycle synthesis.

The potential of polyketide synthase (PKS) domains for chemoenzymatic synthesis can often not be tapped due to their low stability and activity . In this proof-of-principle study, the immobilisation of the heterocycle-forming PKS domain AmbDH3 as a cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) is described. The AmbDH3-CLEA showed good activity recovery, stability and recyclability.

Character strengths and fluid intelligence.

Objective: Research on the associations between cognitive and noncognitive personality traits has widely neglected character strengths, that means positively and morally valued personality traits that constitute good character.

Method: The present study aimed to bridge this gap by studying the associations between character strengths and fluid intelligence using different operationalizations of character strengths (including self- and informant-reports) and fluid intelligence in children, adolescents, and adults.

Results: The results, based on four samples (N = 193/290/330/324), suggested that morally valued personality traits are independent of fluid intelligence, with the exception of love of learning, which showed small but robust positive relationships with fluid intelligence across all samples.

Convergence and Psychometric Properties of Character Strengths Measures: The VIA-IS and the VIA-IS-R.

This study compares the German versions of the original measure of character strengths (VIA-IS) with its latest revision (VIA-IS-R) regarding reliability and convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity. A sample of 499 German-speaking adults (79% women, mean age: 33.3 years) provided self-reports of character strengths (VIA-IS, VIA-IS-R) and several criteria: Core virtues, thriving, and moral behaviors.

Detection of the 1930_1931del TC Mutation in Two Suspected Ivermectin-Sensitive Cats and Their Relatives by a Novel TaqMan Allelic Discrimination Assay.

The multidrug resistance gene MDR1 (syn. ABCB1) encodes for the multidrug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which is highly expressed at the blood-brain barrier and protects the brain from potentially neurotoxic compounds, such as ivermectin. MDR1 mutation in dogs is known to be linked to dramatically increased brain accumulation of ivermectin and life-threatening neurological toxicity.

Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Women Following Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy - a Prospective, Randomised, Controlled Interventional Study.

Women have a markedly increased lifetime risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality following hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Arterial stiffness is regarded as a target parameter for reducing cardiovascular risk and can be modified by lifestyle changes. In a prospective, randomised, controlled interventional study, starting 6 weeks postpartum, the effect of nutritional intervention combined with an intensive 6-month cardiovascular exercise programme on arterial stiffness was investigated by means of pulse wave velocity (PWV) in 38 women with severe hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (preeclampsia with or without pre-existing hypertension and/or HELLP syndrome).

Associations of HCV Knowledge and Medical Mistrust with Being Screened for HCV and Offered HCV Treatment among People with HIV.

An estimated one-fourth of people with HIV in the U.S. are coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV).