Transient attention does not alter the eccentricity effect in estimation of duration.

Previous research investigating the influence of stimulus eccentricity on perceived duration showed an increasing duration underestimation with increasing eccentricity. Based on studies showing that precueing the stimulus location prolongs perceived duration, one might assume that this eccentricity effect is influenced by spatial attention. In the present study, we assessed the influence of transient covert attention on the eccentricity effect in duration estimation in two experiments, one online and one in a laboratory setting.

Increasing pupil size is associated with improved detection performance in the periphery.

Visible light enters our body via the pupil. By changing its size, the pupil shapes visual input. Small apertures increase the resolution of high spatial frequencies, thus allowing discrimination of fine details.

Close - but not distant - conditioned flanker emotion affects crowding.

Crowding is affected by conditioned stimulus emotion. This effect is clearly observed for conditioned flankers, but only marginally pronounced for conditioned targets. Studies on the processing of emotional stimuli suggest that the magnitude of the emotional effect depends on the presentation depth in that effects of emotion increase with decreasing distance to the observer in depth.

Crowding with Negatively Conditioned Flankers and Targets.

Crowding refers to the phenomenon of increased difficulty in identifying a peripherally presented stimulus when it is surrounded by adjacent flankers compared to when it is presented in isolation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of flanker and target emotion on crowding effects. Therefore, Landolt rings with certain opening directions were conditioned with neutral or negative pictures.

Crowding in depth for binocular and monocular observation.

Crowding refers to the phenomenon of reduced recognition performance for peripherally presented targets that are flanked by similar stimuli. Crowding is known to vary with lateral distances (i.e.