[Research priorities and quality of scientific literature on dystocia in cows from 1960-2020].

As part of a literature review, a systematic search was carried out to determine how the focus of research on dystocia in cattle has changed in the German- and English-spoken literature between the 1960s and 2020 as well as to evaluate the the quality of the scientific literature to date. To this end, 621 references were analyzed. It is evident that the number of publications increased between 2010 and 2020, which emphasizes the importance of the subject.

Novel and Engaging Teaching Method for Pulmonary Physiology.

Background: Pulmonary physiology is a challenging, necessary component of pediatric pulmonary fellowship education. Our pediatric pulmonology fellowship program provided this education utilizing a flipped classroom approach but satisfaction with the method was declining. Evidence suggests that adult learners benefit from an engaging lecture method, but no evidence exists to compare the flipped classroom approach to the engaging lecture approach for pulmonary physiology education.

Asthma medication use and health care utilization evolution during pandemic times.

Pediatric asthma care was significantly impacted by the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic, with significant decline in asthma health care utilization noted early in the pandemic. We compared Emergency Department (ED) utilization rates and prescription fill rates of controller and quick relief asthma medications between March and December 2020 versus 2021 in a county-specific pediatric Medicaid population to evaluate for changes later in the pandemic. Our data showed an increase in ED utilization by 46.

[Population structure of South American camelids in Germany].

Objectives: As part of the "Model- und Demonstrationsvorhaben Tierschutz (MuD-Tierschutz)-project, supported by the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL), an animal owner survey was conducted to collect data on various aspects of keeping South American camelids (NWC). This publication covers the population structure of NWC in Germany.

Material And Methods: 550 owners participated in the survey, of which 421 (76.

Impact of guideline adherence and race on asthma control in children.

Background: Asthma control in African Americans (AA) is considered more difficult to achieve than in Caucasian Americans (CA). The aim of this study was to compare asthma control over time among AA and CA children whose asthma is managed per NAEPP (EPR-3) guidelines.

Methods: This was a one-year prospective study of children referred by their primary care physicians for better asthma care in a specialty asthma clinic.

Unexpected decline in pediatric asthma morbidity during the coronavirus pandemic.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic profoundly impacted health care utilization. We evaluated asthma-related emergency department (ED) and inpatient health care utilization by a county-specific Medicaid population, ages 2-18, during the COVID-19 pandemic and compared it to utilization from a 3-year average including 2017-2019. All-cause ED utilization and asthma medication fill rates were evaluated during the same timeframes.

Quality improvement approach to increasing respiratory therapist driven teach back style asthma education.

Objective: Asthma is a common chronic medical condition that can require treatment with multiple inhaled medications. Our quality improvement group established a standard asthma teaching protocol with respiratory therapists utilizing the teach back method. We aimed to increase the percentage of pulmonary asthma clinic visits receiving this education from a baseline of 42.

Asthma Self-management: It's Not One Size Fits All.

Asthma exacerbations are a significant cause of health care use and mortality. Home management strategies may be effective in managing many exacerbations before presentation to a health care institution. This article focuses on the variety of options available to patients and providers to choose from as they customize an asthma self-management plan.

Effects of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and allergy status in obesity-related pediatric asthma.

Rationale: Obesity in children increases the risk for new asthma. How age, sex, race/ethnicity, and allergy status affect the relationship between obesity and asthma is unclear. This study describes the relationship between high body mass index (BMI) and incident asthma.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of case management for optimized antithrombotic treatment in German general practices compared to usual care - results from the PICANT trial.

Background: By performing case management, general practitioners and health care assistants can provide additional benefits to their chronically ill patients. However, the economic effects of such case management interventions often remain unclear although how to manage the burden of chronic disease is a key question for policy-makers. This analysis aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of 24 months of primary care case management for patients with a long-term indication for oral anticoagulation therapy with usual care.

Study protocol: evaluation of specialized outpatient palliative care in the German state of Hesse (ELSAH study) - work package I: assessing the quality of care.

Background: In Germany, patients suffering from life-limiting conditions are eligible for specialized outpatient palliative care (SOPC). Evaluation of the quality of this service lacks currently integration of patient-relevant outcomes. There is also no scientific consensus how to prove quality of care in the special context of SOPC adequately.

Risk factors for calcium carbonate urolithiasis in goats.

Objective: To identify demographic or signalment factors associated with calcium carbonate urolith formation in goats.

Design: Retrospective case series and case-control study.

Animals: 354 goats with calcium carbonate uroliths (case animals) and 16,366 goats without urinary tract disease (control animals).

Effects of storage in formalin on composition of canine and feline uroliths.

Objective: To determine whether storage in neutral-buffered 10% formalin in vitro has any effect on the composition of biogenic minerals of canine and feline uroliths.

Design: Prospective in vitro study.

Sample Population: Canine and feline uroliths submitted to the Minnesota Urolith Center from 34 dogs and 27 cats.

Primary care management for optimized antithrombotic treatment [PICANT]: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Antithrombotic treatment is a continuous therapy that is often performed in general practice and requires careful safety management. The aim of this study is to investigate whether a best-practice model that applies major elements of case management and patient education, can improve antithrombotic management in primary healthcare in terms of reducing major thromboembolic and bleeding events.

Methods: This 24-month cluster-randomized trial will be performed with 690 adult patients from 46 practices.

Rate and frequency of recurrence of uroliths after an initial ammonium urate, calcium oxalate, or struvite urolith in cats.

Objective: To determine frequency of and interval until recurrence after initial ammonium urate, calcium oxalate, and struvite uroliths in cats and whether breed, age, or sex was associated with increased risk for urolith recurrence.

Design: Case-control study.

Animals: 4,435 cats with recurrent uroliths.

Analysis of 451,891 canine uroliths, feline uroliths, and feline urethral plugs from 1981 to 2007: perspectives from the Minnesota Urolith Center.

Urolithiasis is a general term referring to the causes and effects of stones anywhere in the urinary tract. Urolithiasis should not be viewed conceptually as a single disease with a single cause, but rather as a sequela of multiple interacting underlying abnormalities. Thus, the syndrome of urolithiasis may be defined as the occurrence of familial, congenital, or acquired pathophysiologic factors that, in combination, progressively increase the risk of precipitation of excretory metabolites in urine to form stones (ie, uroliths).

Quantitative analysis of 4468 uroliths retrieved from farm animals, exotic species, and wildlife submitted to the Minnesota Urolith Center: 1981 to 2007.

Knowledge of the mineral composition of uroliths in various species of animals can help veterinarians predict the mineral composition of stones in vivo. This information is important because dissolution of existing uroliths, or minimizing further growth of uroliths in situ, is dependent on knowledge of the mineral composition of uroliths. With this objective in mind, this report summarizes the results of quantitative mineral analysis of uroliths retrieved from 4468 animals sent to the Minnesota Urolith Center.

Changing paradigms in the frequency and management of canine compound uroliths.

This article discusses the composition, formation, and treatment of canine compound uroliths and the importance of recognizing the unique causal factors that may be present in each individual patient. After first giving a detailed analysis of what compound uroliths are and how they form, the authors give examples and data from canine uroliths submitted between 1981 and 2007. Finally, the article discusses the importance of this data when formulating management strategies for individual patients to either dissolve existing stones or minimize urolith recurrence.

Melamine and cyanuric acid-induced crystalluria, uroliths, and nephrotoxicity in dogs and cats.

This article discusses the 2007 recall of canned pet food because of concerns about adverse effects on kidney function of cats and dogs. The discovery of melamine and cyanuric acid in the foods is detailed. Case studies, including clinical, pathology, histology, and toxicology findings, are presented.

Trends in the frequency of calcium oxalate uroliths in the upper urinary tract of cats.

Medical records from cats diagnosed with uroliths at nine United States veterinary teaching hospitals from 1980 to 1999, and records of cats with uroliths submitted for analyses to the Minnesota Urolith Center from 1981 to 2000, were evaluated. A 10-fold increase in frequency of upper tract uroliths occurred in cats during the 20-year interval at the nine veterinary teaching hospitals. Calcium oxalate emerged as the predominant mineral type in upper tract uroliths, having increased more than 50-fold during the study period.

Effects of storage time and temperature on pH, specific gravity, and crystal formation in urine samples from dogs and cats.

Objective: To determine effects of storage temperature and time on pH and specific gravity of and number and size of crystals in urine samples from dogs and cats.

Design: Randomized complete block design.

Animals: 31 dogs and 8 cats.

Associations between dry dietary factors and canine calcium oxalate uroliths.

Objective: To identify factors in dry diets associated with the occurrence of calcium oxalate (CaOx) uroliths in dogs.

Animals: 600 dogs with CaOx uroliths and 898 dogs without urinary tract diseases.

Procedure: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed.

Associations between dietary factors in canned food and formation of calcium oxalate uroliths in dogs.

Objective: To identify dietary factors in commercially available canned foods associated with the development of calcium oxalate (CaOx) uroliths in dogs.

Animals: 117 dogs with CaOx uroliths and 174 dogs without urinary tract disease.

Procedure: Case dogs were those that developed CaOx uroliths submitted to the Minnesota Urolith Center for quantitative analysis between 1990 and 1992 while fed a commercially available canned diet.