Publications by authors named "Lisa Tjosvold"
Purpose: Research on online active learning (OAL) in dental education has increased in recent years; however, this literature has yet to be comprehensively summarized to document the available evidence and identify research gaps. This scoping review aimed to comprehensively map the extent and depth of the research activity on OAL in undergraduate dental education.
Methods: The review adhered to Arksey & O'Malley's multi-step framework and followed the PRISMA Extension Scoping Reviews guidelines.
Background: North America is grappling with an ongoing drug overdose crisis. While harm reduction measures like take-home naloxone kits, and supervised consumption sites, have helped reduce mortality, other strategies to address this public health emergency are required. Good Samaritan Laws (GSLs) offer legal protection for individuals who report overdoses, yet people who use substances (PWUS) may still hesitate to seek help due to concerns about existing legislation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Many publicly funded health systems use a mix of privately and publicly operated providers of care to deliver elective surgical services. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the role of privately operated but publicly funded provision of surgical services for adult patients who had cataract or orthopedic surgery within publicly funded health systems in high-income countries.
Methods: Electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, OVID Embase, and EBSCO EconLit) were searched on 26 March 2021, and gray literature sources were searched on 6 April 2021.
Methodological Issues in Rehabilitation Research: A Scoping Review.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil
August 2021
Objective: To identify, synthesize, and categorize the methodological issues faced by the rehabilitation field.
Data Sources: A scoping review was conducted using studies identified in MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and Google Scholar up to August 2018.
Study Selection: We included all type of publications describing methodological issues in rehabilitation research where rehabilitation is described as a multimodal process.
Background: The quality of reporting of health economic evaluations for rehabilitation services has been questioned, limiting the ability to provide accurate recommendations for health decisions.
Purpose: To document current overall reporting quality of the published literature for economic evaluations of rehabilitation services using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS), and to identify factors that could influence the quality of reporting.
Data Sources: Electronic literature searches were performed using MEDLINE and the NHS Economic Evaluations Database the Cochrane Library.
Article Synopsis
- Sleep health is really important for everyone's wellbeing, especially for men in the workplace, but most programs haven't worked well for them.
- A review looked at 1,049 studies and found that 15 were about how to help men sleep better at work, with many using health education, stress relief, and exercise.
- Most of the programs showed some positive results for sleep, but only one specifically catered to men's preferences, suggesting that future programs should consider what men want to make them more effective.
Background: Prior meta-analyses measuring thiazide-induced glycemic change have demonstrated an increased risk of incident diabetes; however, this measure's definition has changed over time.
Aim: To determine the magnitude of change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) for thiazide diuretics.
Data Sources: A research librarian designed and conducted searches in Medline®, EMBASE, and EBM Reviews-Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (inception through July 2018) and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (inception to December 2014).
Background And Objectives: In long-term care (LTC) facilities, nursing staff are important contributors to resident care and well-being. Despite this, the relationships between nursing staff coverage, care hours, and quality of resident care in LTC facilities are not well understood and have implications for policy-makers. This systematic review summarizes current evidence on the relationship between nursing staff coverage, care hours, and quality of resident care in LTC facilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: To prevent diabetic foot disease, proper foot care is essential for early detection and treatment. Pharmacists are well suited to provide accessible foot care to adults with type 2 diabetes. Limited research has examined this role.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Nutritional support in the critically ill child has not been well investigated and is a controversial topic within paediatric intensive care. There are no clear guidelines as to the best form or timing of nutrition in critically ill infants and children. This is an update of a review that was originally published in 2009.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Observational studies report consistent associations between low vitamin D concentration and increased glycemia and risk of type 2 diabetes, but results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are mixed.
Objective: The objective of the study was to systematically review RCTs that report on the effects of vitamin D supplementation on glucose homeostasis or diabetes prevention.
Data Sources: Sources of data for the study were MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Health Technology Assessment, and Science Citation Index from inception to June 2013.
Background: Rural residents face numerous barriers to healthcare access and studies suggest poorer health outcomes for rural patients. Therefore we undertook a systematic review to determine if cardiovascular medication utilization and adherence patterns differ for rural versus urban patients.
Methods: A comprehensive search of major electronic datasets was undertaken for controlled clinical trials and observational studies comparing utilization or adherence to cardiovascular medications in rural versus urban adults with cardiovascular disease or diabetes.
Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of febuxostat compared to allopurinol for the treatment of chronic gout.
Methods: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized controlled trials that compared oral febuxostat to oral allopurinol for treatment of chronic gout. Two reviewers independently selected studies, assessed study quality, and extracted data.
Objective: Some studies suggest better outcomes with macrolide therapy for critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia. To further explore this, we performed a systematic review of studies with mortality endpoints that compared macrolide therapy with other regimens in critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
Data Sources: Studies were identified via electronic databases, grey literature, and conference proceedings through May 2013.
Glucocorticoids for acute viral bronchiolitis in infants and young children.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
June 2013
Background: Previous systematic reviews have not shown clear benefit of glucocorticoids for acute viral bronchiolitis, but their use remains considerable. Recent large trials add substantially to current evidence and suggest novel glucocorticoid-including treatment approaches.
Objectives: To review the efficacy and safety of systemic and inhaled glucocorticoids in children with acute viral bronchiolitis.
Objective: Brief intervention (BI) is recommended for use with youth who use alcohol and other drugs. Emergency departments (EDs) can provide BIs at a time directly linked to harmful and hazardous use. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of ED-based BIs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is an ongoing controversy regarding the safety and effectiveness of metformin in the setting of heart failure (HF). Therefore, we undertook a systematic review of the trial and nontrial evidence for metformin in patients with diabetes mellitus and HF.
Methods And Results: We conducted a comprehensive search for controlled studies, evaluating the association between metformin and morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes mellitus and HF.
Background: Pharmaceutical industry-sponsored research has been shown to be biased toward reporting positive results. Frequent industry participation in trials assessing the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting beta2<⁄span>-agonist (LABA) combination treatment makes assessing industry influence difficult and warrants an assessment of specific potential publication bias in this area.
Objective: To describe the frequency of industry involvement in ICS⁄LABA trials and explore associations among significant outcomes, type of industry involvement and type of primary outcome.
Background: Macrolides are used to treat pneumonia despite increasing antimicrobial resistance. However, the immunomodulatory properties of macrolides may have a favorable effect on pneumonia outcomes. Therefore, we systematically reviewed all studies of macrolide use and mortality among patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pain management is integral to the management of hip fracture.
Purpose: To review the benefits and harms of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions for managing pain after hip fracture.
Data Sources: 25 electronic databases (January 1990 to December 2010), gray literature, trial registries, and reference lists, with no language restrictions.
Background: Bronchodilators are commonly used for acute bronchiolitis, despite uncertain effectiveness.
Objectives: To examine the efficacy and safety of epinephrine in children less than two with acute viral bronchiolitis.
Search Strategy: We searched CENTRAL (2010, Issue 3) which contains the Acute Respiratory Infections Group's Specialized Register, MEDLINE (1950 to September Week 2, 2010), EMBASE (1980 to September 2010), Scopus (1823 to September 2010), PubMed (March 2010), LILACS (1985 to September 2010) and Iran MedEx (1998 to September 2010).
Context: Alcohol and other drug (AOD) misuse by youth is a significant public health concern. Unanticipated treatment for AOD-related morbidities is often sought in hospital emergency departments (EDs). Screening instruments that rapidly identify patients who require further diagnostic evaluation and/or brief intervention are critically important.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for trials assessing the effects of therapeutic interventions; therefore it is important to understand how they are conducted. Our objectives were to provide an overview of a representative sample of pediatric RCTs published in 2007 and assess the validity of their results.
Methods: We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials using a pediatric filter and randomly selected 300 RCTs published in 2007.