Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is an emerging biomarker in several conditions. This SLR, conducted following PRISMA guidelines, examined the association between GDF-15 concentration and range of adverse outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). Publications were identified from Embase® and Medline® bibliographic databases between January 1, 2014, and August 23, 2022 (congress abstracts: January 1, 2020, to August 23, 2022).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer-associated cachexia is a multifactorial wasting disorder characterized by anorexia, unintentional weight loss (skeletal muscle mass with or without loss of fat mass), progressive functional impairment, and poor prognosis. This systematic literature review (SLR) examined the relationship between cachexia and survival in patients with colorectal or pancreatic cancer in recent literature. The SLR was conducted following PRISMA guidelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe assessed care in cancer patients with cachexia across leading health systems (LHSs). Qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys were conducted with LHSs executives and frontline health care personnel, representing 46 total respondents and 42 unique LHSs and including oncology service line leaders, supportive care services, dietitians and surgical oncologists. Cachexia was not considered a top priority, and formal diagnoses were rare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCachexia, with weight loss (WL) as a major component, is highly prevalent in patients with cancer and indicates a poor prognosis. The primary objective of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to estimate the risk of mortality associated with cachexia (using established WL criteria prior to treatment initiation) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in studies identified through a systematic literature review. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This post hoc, pooled analysis examined the relationship between different weight gain categories and overall survival (OS) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving first-line platinum-based chemotherapy.
Methods: Data were pooled from the control arms of three phase III clinical studies (NCT00596830, NCT00254891, and NCT00254904), and the maximum weight gain in the first 3 months from treatment initiation was categorised as >0%, >2.5%, and >5.
Understanding factors that shape leading health systems' (LHS) perspectives around heart failure (HF) treatment. First of its kind study using a cross-sectional, descriptive, mixed-method design (from executives and frontline healthcare providers) with quantitative survey (n = 35) and qualitative interview (n = 12) data from 47 participants (41 different LHS). 97% of LHS had dedicated HF programs, but variations in maturity highlights opportunities for care standardization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol
November 2023
Introduction: Obesity is considered a poor lifestyle choice. 'Obesity' is not a sufficient definition for patients, any more than 'cancer' or 'arthritis' would be. A major obstacle is the lack of understanding of pathogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The objective of this study was to gain insights into the patients' perspectives on the impact of cancer cachexia on physical activity and their willingness to wear digital health technology (DHT) devices in clinical trials.
Patients And Methods: We administered a quantitative 20-minute online survey on aspects of physical activity (on a 0-100 scale) to 50 patients with cancer cachexia recruited through Rare Patient Voice, LLC. A subset of 10 patients took part in qualitative 45-minute web-based interviews with a demonstration of DHT devices.
Anorexia/appetite loss in older subjects is frequently underrecognized in clinical practice, which may reflect deficient understanding of clinical sequelae. Therefore, we performed a systematic literature review to assess the morbidity and mortality burden of anorexia/appetite loss in older populations. Following PRISMA guidelines, searches were run (1 January 2011 to 31 July 2021) in PubMed, Embase® and Cochrane databases to identify English language studies of adults aged ≥ 65 years with anorexia/appetite loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To assess the efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin in older patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Materials And Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of patients with T2D aged less than 65 years and those aged 65 years or older who participated in randomized, double-blind, phase III studies of ertugliflozin. Efficacy was evaluated in a pooled analysis of three placebo-controlled studies (ertugliflozin monotherapy and add-on therapy).
Introduction: This post hoc exploratory analysis examined the effects of ertugliflozin on liver enzymes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: Data were pooled from seven randomized, double-blind VERTIS phase 3 trials that evaluated ertugliflozin (5 mg and 15 mg) versus non-ertugliflozin (placebo, glimepiride, or sitagliptin) treatment in patients with T2DM. Change from baseline at week 52 of treatment in alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT and AST, respectively) serum levels (overall and categorized into tertiles by baseline ALT and AST), Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and body weight were evaluated, along with the association between changes in ALT and AST and changes in HbA1c and body weight by treatment.
To assess the efficacy and safety of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor ertugliflozin across racial groups in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Pooled analysis of data from randomized, double-blind studies in the ertugliflozin phase III development program. Seven placebo- and comparator-controlled studies were used to assess safety ( = 4859) and three placebo-controlled studies were used to assess efficacy ( = 1544).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo assess the efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin in Hispanic/Latino patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Analysis of data from Hispanic/Latino patients who participated in randomized, double-blind phase III studies. Ertugliflozin efficacy was evaluated when initiated as a single agent (as monotherapy or add-on therapy) and when initiated in combination with sitagliptin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This pooled analysis assessed the efficacy of ertugliflozin versus placebo as monotherapy or with other antihyperglycaemic agents across patient subgroups defined by demographic and disease characteristics.
Methods: Data from three phase III randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies (NCT01958671, NCT02033889 and NCT02036515) with similar designs and populations were pooled ( = 1544).
Results: At Week 26, placebo-adjusted least squares mean changes from baseline in glycated haemoglobin with ertugliflozin 5 and 15 mg were -0.
Background: For chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, national treatment guidelines recommend a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal <100 mg/dL and blood pressure (BP) target <130/80 mmHg. This analysis assessed the current status of cardiovascular (CV) risk factor treatment and control in US adults with CKD.
Methods: Weighted prevalence estimates of CV-related comorbidities, utilization of lipid- and BP-lowering agents, and LDL-C and BP goal attainment in US adults with CKD were assessed among 9,915 men and nonpregnant women aged ≥20 years identified from the fasting subsample of the 2001-2010 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES).
Objective: This study evaluated the success in attaining non-HDL-cholesterol (non-HDL-C) goals in the multinational L-TAP 2 study.
Methods: 9955 patients ≥20 years of age with dyslipidemia on stable lipid-lowering therapy were enrolled from nine countries.
Results: Success rates for non-HDL-C goals were 86% in low, 70% in moderate, and 52% in high-risk patients (63% overall).
There is a well-established link between dyslipidemia and cardiovascular events, although this risk is modified by age. Little is known about how treatment of dyslipidemia and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol goal attainment differ between older and younger patients. We obtained clinical data from 9,926 dyslipidemic patients across 9 countries in North and Latin America, Europe, and Asia from 2006 through 2007.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe purpose of the present substudy of the Lipid Treatment Assessment Project 2 was to assess dual C-reactive protein (CRP) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol goal attainment across a spectrum of low-, moderate-, and high-risk patients with dyslipidemia in 8 countries in North America, Latin America, Europe, and Asia. Of the 9,518 patients studied overall, 45% were women, 64% had hypertension, 31% had diabetes, 14% were current smokers, 60% were high risk, and 79% were taking a statin. The median CRP level was 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This analysis of the Lipid Treatment Assessment Project 2 population compared lipid goal attainment by diabetes and metabolic syndrome status.
Research Design And Methods: Dyslipidaemic patients aged ≥ 20 years on stable lipid lowering therapy had their lipid levels determined once during enrolment at investigation sites in nine countries between September 2006 and April 2007. Achievement of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol success, triglycerides < 150 mg/dl (1.
Background: Differences between women and men have been documented for both diagnostic testing and treatment in cardiology. This analysis evaluates whether low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) success rates according to current guidelines and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels differ by gender in the L-TAP 2 population.
Methods: Patients aged > or =20 years with dyslipidemia on stable lipid-lowering therapy were assessed in 9 countries between September 2006 and April 2007.
Background: Information about physicians' adherence to cholesterol management guidelines remains scant. The present survey updates our knowledge of lipid management worldwide.
Methods And Results: Lipid levels were determined at enrollment in dyslipidemic adult patients on stable lipid-lowering therapy in 9 countries.
Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of single-pill amlodipine/atorvastatin therapy for the simultaneous treatment of hypertension (HTN) and dyslipidemia in African Americans.
Patients And Methods: Conducted between July 19, 2004, and August 9, 2005, the Clinical Utility of Caduet in Simultaneously Achieving Blood Pressure and Lipid End Points trial was a 20-week, open-label, noncomparative, multicenter trial of the efficacy and safety of single-pill amlodipine/atorvastatin in controlling elevated blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in African Americans with concomitant HTN and dyslipidemia and either no additional risk factors, 1 or more cardiovascular risk factors, or coronary heart disease or a risk equivalent. Eight dosage strengths of single-pill amlodipine/atorvastatin were flexibly titrated.
The Gemini Study was a 14-week, open-label, non-comparative, office-based, multicenter trial to evaluate single-pill therapy in the treatment of concomitant hypertension and dyslipidemia. In addition to recommending lifestyle modifications, eight dosage strengths of amlodipine/atorvastatin single pill (5/10, 5/20, 5/40, 5/80, 10/10, 10/20, 10/40, and 10/80 mg) were electively titrated to improve blood pressure and lipid control. A total of 1220 patients with uncontrolled hypertension at baseline received study medication.
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