A translational roadmap for transcranial magnetic and direct current stimulation in stroke rehabilitation: Consensus-based core recommendations from the third stroke recovery and rehabilitation roundtable.

Background And Aims: The purpose of this Third Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable (SRRR3) was to develop consensus recommendations to address outstanding barriers for the translation of preclinical and clinical research using the non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and provide a roadmap for the integration of these techniques into clinical practice.

Methods: International NIBS and stroke recovery experts (N = 18) contributed to the consensus process. Using a nominal group technique, recommendations were reached via a five-stage process, involving a thematic survey, two priority ranking surveys, a literature review and an in-person meeting.

A translational roadmap for transcranial magnetic and direct current stimulation in stroke rehabilitation: Consensus-based core recommendations from the third stroke recovery and rehabilitation roundtable.

Background And Aims: The purpose of this Third Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable (SRRR3) was to develop consensus recommendations to address outstanding barriers for the translation of preclinical and clinical research using the non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and provide a roadmap for the integration of these techniques into clinical practice.

Methods: International NIBS and stroke recovery experts (N = 18) contributed to the consensus process. Using a nominal group technique, recommendations were reached via a five-stage process, involving a thematic survey, two priority ranking surveys, a literature review and an in-person meeting.

Identification and description of telerehabilitation assessments for individuals with neurological conditions: A scoping review.

Background: The clinical adoption of telerehabilitation accelerated rapidly over the last few years, creating opportunities for clinicians and researchers to explore the use of digital technologies and telerehabilitation in the assessment of deficits related to neurological conditions. The objectives of this scoping review were to identify outcome measures used to remotely assess the motor function and participation in people with neurological conditions and report, when available, the psychometric data of these remote outcome measures.

Methods: MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, PubMed, PsychINFO, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched between December 13, 2020, and January 4, 2021, for studies investigating the use of remote assessments to evaluate motor function and participation in people with neurological conditions.

Supporting post-stroke access to services and resources for individuals with low income: understanding usual care practices in acute care and rehabilitation settings.

Purpose: Following stroke, individuals who live in a low-income or are at risk of living in a low-income situation face challenges with timely access to social services and community resources. Understanding the usual care practices of stroke teams, specifically, how they support this access to services and resources, is an important first step in promoting the implementation of practice change.

Method: A qualitative multiple-case study of acute care, inpatient, and outpatient rehabilitation stroke teams in an urban area of Canada.

Automatic approach-avoidance tendency toward physical activity, sedentary, and neutral stimuli as a function of age, explicit affective attitude, and intention to be active.

Using computerized reaction-time tasks assessing automatic attitudes, studies have shown that healthy young adults have faster reaction times when approaching physical activity stimuli than when avoiding them. The opposite has been observed for sedentary stimuli. However, it is unclear whether these results hold across the lifespan and when error rates and a possible generic approach-avoidance tendency are accounted for.

Implementation of increased physical therapy intensity for improving walking after stroke: Walk 'n watch protocol for a multisite stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Rationale: Clinical practice guidelines support structured, progressive protocols for improving walking after stroke. Yet, practice is slow to change, evidenced by the little amount of walking activity in stroke rehabilitation units. Our recent study (n = 75) found that a structured, progressive protocol integrated with typical daily physical therapy improved walking and quality-of-life measures over usual care.

Accuracy and effectiveness of teledentistry: a systematic review of systematic reviews.

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has urged healthcare systems to develop new ways to safely provide care. Telehealth has become a compelling alternative. Our purpose was to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of teledentistry for screening, diagnosis and therapeutic management of dental care in children and adults.

Identification and Description of Balance, Mobility, and Gait Assessments Conducted via Telerehabilitation for Individuals With Neurological Conditions: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Background: The COVID-19 global pandemic pushed many rehabilitation practitioners to pivot their in-person practice to adopt telerehabilitation as their main method of delivery. In addition to documenting information on interventions used with clients, it is best practice for therapists to use reliable and validated outcome measures to inform their interventions.

Objective: Through this scoping review, we aim to identify (1) which outcomes are being used remotely to assess balance, mobility, and gait in patients with neurological conditions, and (2) what psychometric data (validity, reliability, etc.

The Use of Home-Based Nonimmersive Virtual Reality to Encourage Physical and Cognitive Exercise in People With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Feasibility Study.

Individuals with mild cognitive impairment are at risk of cognitive and physical decline. Virtual reality (VR) exercise may provide beneficial physical and cognitive exercise. The objectives of this study were to assess the feasibility and safety of home-based VR exercise and to provide pilot data for physical and cognitive efficacy.

Health, social care and technological interventions to improve functional ability of older adults living at home: An evidence and gap map.

Background: By 2030, the global population of people older than 60 years is expected to be higher than the number of children under 10 years, resulting in major health and social care system implications worldwide. Without a supportive environment, whether social or built, diminished functional ability may arise in older people. Functional ability comprises an individual's intrinsic capacity and people's interaction with their environment enabling them to be and do what they value.

Impact of an artist-in-residence program in a complex continuing care hospital: a quality improvement investigation.

Background: The objective was to assess the impact of an Artist-in-Residence (AiR) program on the quality of life of patients living at a complex continuing care hospital.

Methods: In the AiR program, a professional Artist facilitated the creation of community art projects by patients in groups (before COVID-19) and individually (during COVID-19). Four patients, four staff and one family member involved with the program were interviewed to assess their experiences.

Implementation of a randomized controlled trial on an inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit: Lessons learned.

Background/aims: The objective of this manuscript is to present challenges and solutions that arose during a mid-sized single-site RCT of a rehabilitation intervention performed in an inpatient stroke rehabilitation setting.

Methods: Seventy-six participants from an inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit were randomized to experimental and control groups. All participants did 30-45 min of virtual reality (VR) daily for 10-12 sessions.

Considerations for Postacute Rehabilitation for Survivors of COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported on December 31, 2019. Because it has only been studied for just over three months, our understanding of this disease is still incomplete, particularly regarding its sequelae and long-term outcomes. Moreover, very little has been written about the rehabilitation needs of patients with COVID-19 after discharge from acute care.

Sitting Balance Exercise Performed Using Virtual Reality Training on a Stroke Rehabilitation Inpatient Service: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: Virtual reality training (VRT) is engaging and may enhance rehabilitation intensity. Only one previous study has looked at its use to improve sitting balance after stroke.

Objective: To determine if supplemental sitting balance exercises, administered via VRT, improve control of sitting balance and upper extremity function in stroke rehabilitation inpatients.

PROTOCOL: Health, social care and technological interventions to improve functional ability of older adults: Evidence and gap map.

This is a protocol for a Campbell Evidence and Gap Map. The objectives are to identify and assess the available evidence on health, social care and technological interventions to improve functional ability among older adults.

Centre of pressure displacements produced in sitting during virtual reality training in younger and older adults and patients who have had a stroke.

Poor sitting balance is common after stroke and makes leaning and reaching while sitting difficult and dangerous. Virtual reality training (VRT) uses computer hardware and software to track a person's movements and allow him or her to interact with a virtual environment. VRT games are available to train sitting balance after stroke; however, it is unknown how challenging they are.

Home-based virtual reality training after discharge from hospital-based stroke rehabilitation: a parallel randomized feasibility trial.

Background: Virtual reality training (VRT) uses computer software to track a user's movements and allow him or her to interact with a game presented on a television screen. VRT is increasingly being used for the rehabilitation of arm function, balance and walking after stroke. Patients often require ongoing therapy post discharge from inpatient rehabilitation.

Reliability of lower limb alignment measures using an established landmark-based method with a customized computer software program.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the reliability of frontal plane lower limb alignment measures using a landmark-based method by (1) comparing inter- and intra-reader reliability between measurements of alignment obtained manually with those using a computer program, and (2) determining inter- and intra-reader reliability of computer-assisted alignment measures from full-limb radiographs. An established method for measuring alignment was used, involving selection of 10 femoral and tibial bone landmarks. (1) To compare manual and computer methods, we used digital images and matching paper copies of five alignment patterns simulating healthy and malaligned limbs drawn using AutoCAD.

Mutations and polymorphisms in the human ornithine transcarbamylase gene.

Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency, an X-linked, semidominant disorder, is the most common inherited defect in ureagenesis resulting in hyperammonemia. The previous two mutation updates for the OTC gene were published in 1993 and 1995 and included 36 and 30 mutations respectively. This comprehensive update contains a compilation of 244 mutations including 13 polymorphisms.