Decídetexto: Mobile Cessation Support for Latino Adults Who Smoke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Latino adults experience multiple barriers to health care access and treatment that result in tobacco-related disparities. Mobile interventions have the potential to deliver smoking cessation treatment among Latino adults, who show the highest use rates of mobile technologies.

Research Question: Is Decídetexto, a culturally accommodated mobile health intervention, more effective for smoking cessation compared with standard care among Latinx adults who smoke?

Study Design And Methods: A two-arm parallel group randomized clinical trial was conducted in Kansas, New Jersey, and New York between October 2018 and September 2021.

The impact of blunt use on smoking abstinence among Black adults: Secondary analysis from randomized controlled smoking cessation clinical trial.

Introduction: People who smoke cigarettes are more likely than people who do not to use cannabis, including blunts, a tobacco product containing nicotine and marijuana. Blunts represent a challenge for cessation trials because nicotine could make stopping cigarettes more difficult. Few studies have examined the impact of blunt use on individuals actively engaged in a cigarette quit attempt.

Multiple Pharmacotherapy Adaptations for Smoking Cessation Based on Treatment Response in Black Adults Who Smoke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Adapting to different smoking cessation medications when an individual has not stopped smoking has shown promise, but efficacy has not been tested in racial and ethnic minority individuals who smoke and tend to have less success in quitting and bear a disproportionate share of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality.

Objective: To evaluate efficacy of multiple smoking cessation pharmacotherapy adaptations based on treatment response in Black adults who smoke daily.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized clinical trial of adapted therapy (ADT) or enhanced usual care (UC) included non-Hispanic Black adults who smoke and was conducted from May 2019 to January 2022 at a federally qualified health center in Kansas City, Missouri.

Development and Demonstration of Tobacco Treatment Measures for Cancer Registries: Novel Metrics for Quality Improvement.

Background: Individuals undergoing cancer treatment have better outcomes when they discontinue tobacco use. Few cancer centers systematically provide evidence-based cessation services. As part of a national quality improvement initiative [Cancer Center Cessation Initiative (C3i)], we collaborated with our cancer registry to develop and implement two tobacco treatment metrics for tracking the provision of behavioral support and pharmacotherapy.

Protocol from a randomized clinical trial of multiple pharmacotherapy adaptations based on treatment response in African Americans who smoke.

Background: The standard of care in tobacco treatment is to continue individuals who smoke on the same cessation medication, even when they do not stop smoking. An alternative strategy is to adapt pharmacotherapy based on non-response. A handful of studies have examined this approach, but they have adapted pharmacotherapy only once and/or focused on adaptation distal rather than proximal to a failed quit attempt.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tobacco Treatment Program Implementation at National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Centers.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted cancer screening and treatment delivery, but COVID-19's impact on tobacco cessation treatment for cancer patients who smoke has not been widely explored.

Aims And Methods: We conducted a sequential cross-sectional analysis of data collected from 34 National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated cancer centers participating in NCI's Cancer Center Cessation Initiative (C3I), across three reporting periods: one prior to COVID-19 (January-June 2019) and two during the pandemic (January-June 2020, January-June 2021). Using McNemar's Test of Homogeneity, we assessed changes in services offered and implementation activities over time.

Effectiveness of Recruitment Strategies of Latino Smokers: Secondary Analysis of a Mobile Health Smoking Cessation Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Latinos remain disproportionately underrepresented in clinical trials, comprising only 2%-3% of research participants. In order to address health disparities, it is critically important to increase enrollment of Latino smokers in smoking cessation trials. There is limited research examining effective recruitment strategies for this population.

Effect of Varenicline Added to Counseling on Smoking Cessation Among African American Daily Smokers: The Kick It at Swope IV Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: African American smokers have among the highest rates of tobacco-attributable morbidity and mortality in the US, and effective treatment is needed for all smoking levels.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of varenicline vs placebo among African American adults who are light, moderate, and heavy daily smokers.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Kick It at Swope IV (KIS-IV) trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted at a federally qualified health center in Kansas City.

Hospital-based tobacco treatment for inpatients with a history of cancer.

Objective: To describe treatment engagement and outcomes of patients who smoke with cancer and received tobacco cessation treatment during hospitalization.

Method: We analyzed treatment engagement and cessation outcomes for hospitalized patients who smoke with a current or former history of cancer receiving treatment from an inpatient tobacco treatment service between July, 2018 to October, 2019.

Results: The service treated 407 inpatients.

"I'm a transgender man… I have to quit smoking for treatment and surgery": Describing the experience of a Latino transgender man during his attempt to quit smoking.

Objective: To describe the experience of a Latino transgender man during his attempt to quit smoking using a text messaging intervention.

Methods: A Latino transgender man enrolled in a smoking cessation randomized controlled trial for Latino smokers. The participant was randomized to Decídetexto, a smoking cessation mobile intervention.

Does sex alter the relationship between CYP2B6 variation, hydroxybupropion concentration and bupropion-aided smoking cessation in African Americans? A moderated mediation analysis.

Background And Aims: CYP2B6, a genetically variable enzyme, converts bupropion to its active metabolite hydroxybupropion. CYP2B6 activity and bupropion-aided cessation differ between women and men. The aim of this study was to determine whether genetically normal (versus reduced) CYP2B6 activity increases bupropion-aided cessation in African American smokers via higher hydroxybupropion concentration, and whether this differs by sex.

Feasibility and Effectiveness of Recruiting Latinos in -A Smoking Cessation Clinical Trial from an Emergency Department Patient Registry.

There is an underrepresentation of Latinos in smoking cessation clinical trials. This study describes the feasibility and effectiveness of recruiting Latino smokers in the U.S.

Analyses of nicotine metabolism biomarker genetics stratified by sex in African and European Americans.

Nicotine is inactivated by the polymorphic CYP2A6 enzyme to cotinine and then to 3'hydroxycotinine. The Nicotine Metabolite Ratio (NMR; 3'hydroxycotinine/cotinine) is a heritable nicotine metabolism biomarker, varies with sex and ancestry, and influences smoking cessation and disease risk. We conducted sex-stratified genome-wide association studies of the NMR in European American (EA) and African American (AA) smokers (NCT01314001, NCT00666978).

Translation and Examination of the Reliability and Validity of the Spanish Version of the Smoking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire Among Latino Smokers.

The 12-item Smoking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SEQ-12) is a valid and reliable instrument to assess confidence in one's ability to refrain from smoking in a variety of different situations. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the 12-item Smoking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SEQ-12) among a sample of Spanish-speaking Latino smokers engaged in a smoking cessation research study. A forward-backward translation procedure guided the translation of the SEQ-12 into Spanish.

The effect of area-level disadvantage and race on smoking abstinence in a clinical trial.

Reasons for Black-White disparities in smoking abstinence are not well understood. This study examined area-level socioeconomic disadvantage as a contributor to lower quit rates for Blacks who smoke among 223 Black and 221 White low-income individuals who smoke enrolled in a smoking cessation trial. Outcome was cotinine-verified abstinence at week 26.

The Role of Neighborhood Experiences in Psychological Distress among African American and White Smokers.

Residential area characteristics and discrimination have been associated with psychological distress. Differences in these relationships across racial groups are not well understood. We examined the relative role of perceived discrimination, neighborhood problems and neighborhood cohesion/trust in explaining differences in psychological distress (indicated by anxiety and depressive symptoms) between 224 African American and 225 White smokers (income ≤ 400% federal poverty level) in a smoking cessation intervention study.

Nicotine metabolite ratio: Comparison of the three urinary versions to the plasma version and nicotine clearance in three clinical studies.

Background: Variation in CYP2A6 activity influences tobacco smoking behaviors and smoking-related health outcomes. Plasma Nicotine Metabolite Ratio (NMR) is a robust phenotypic biomarker of CYP2A6 activity and nicotine clearance. In urine, the NMR has been calculated as a ratio of free trans-3'-hydroxycotinine to free cotinine (NMR), total trans-3'-hydroxycotinine to free cotinine (NMR), or total trans-3'-hydroxycotinine to total cotinine (NMR).

Assessment of Racial Differences in Pharmacotherapy Efficacy for Smoking Cessation: Secondary Analysis of the EAGLES Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Understanding Black vs White differences in pharmacotherapy efficacy and the underlying reasons is critically important to reducing tobacco-related health disparities.

Objective: To compare pharmacotherapy efficacy and examine variables to explain Black vs White differences in smoking abstinence.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study is a secondary analysis of the Evaluating Adverse Events in a Global Smoking Cessation Study (EAGLES) double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial, which took place at clinical trial centers, academic centers, and outpatient clinics in 29 states in the US.

Transferability of Ancestry-Specific and Cross-Ancestry CYP2A6 Activity Genetic Risk Scores in African and European Populations.

The Nicotine Metabolite Ratio (NMR; 3-hydroxycotinine/cotinine), a highly heritable index of nicotine metabolic inactivation by the CYP2A6 enzyme, is associated with numerous smoking behaviors and diseases, as well as unique cessation outcomes. However, the NMR cannot be measured in nonsmokers, former smokers, or intermittent smokers, for example, in evaluating tobacco-related disease risk. Traditional pharmacogenetic groupings based on CYP2A6 * alleles capture a modest portion of NMR variation.

Decídetexto: Mobile cessation support for Latino smokers. Study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Latinos, the largest minority group in the U.S., experience tobacco-related disparities, including limited access to cessation resources.

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Culturally- and Linguistically-Adapted Smoking Cessation Text Messaging Intervention for Latino Smokers.

Assess the feasibility and acceptability of a culturally- and linguistically-adapted smoking cessation text messaging intervention for Latino smokers. Using a community-based strategy, 50 Latino smokers were recruited to participate in a smoking cessation pilot study. Participants received a 12-week text messaging intervention and were offered Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) at no cost.