Cyclopropenes as Chemical Reporters for Dual Bioorthogonal and Orthogonal Metabolic Labeling of DNA.

Dual bioorthogonal labeling enables the investigation and understanding of interactions in the biological environment that are not accessible by a single label. However, applying two bioorthogonal reactions in the same environment remains challenging due to cross-reactivity. We developed a pair of differently modified 2'-deoxynucleosides that solved this issue for dual and orthogonal labeling of DNA.

Metabolic labelling of DNA in cells by means of the "photoclick" reaction triggered by visible light.

Two pyrene-tetrazole conjugates were synthesized as photoreactive chromophores that allow for the first time the combination of metabolic labelling of DNA in cells and subsequent bioorthogonal "photoclick" modification triggered by visible light. Two strained alkenes and three alkene-modified nucleosides were used as reactive counterparts and revealed no major differences in their "photoclick" reactivity. This is a significant advantage because it allows 5-vinyl-2'-deoxyuridine to be applied as the smallest possible alkene-modified nucleoside for metabolic labelling of DNA in cells.

Long-term trends in the prescription of antidiabetic drugs: real-world evidence from the Diabetes Registry Tyrol 2012-2018.

Introduction: Prescription patterns of antidiabetic drugs in the period from 2012 to 2018 were investigated based on the Diabetes Registry Tyrol. To validate the findings, we compared the numbers with trends of different national registries conducted in a comparable period of time.

Research Design And Methods: Medication data, prescription patterns, age groups, antidiabetic therapies and quality parameters (hemoglobin A1c, body mass index, complications) of 10 875 patients with type 2 diabetes from 2012 to 2018 were retrospectively assessed and descriptively analyzed.

Influence of Cannabinoid Receptor Deficiency on Parameters Involved in Blood Glucose Regulation in Mice.

Cannabinoids are known to influence hormone secretion of pancreatic islets via G protein‑coupled cannabinoid receptor type 1 and 2 (CB and CB). The present study was designed to further investigate the impact of cannabinoid receptors on the parameters involved in insulin secretion and blood glucose recognition. To this end, CB and CB receptor knockout mice (10-12 week old, both sexes) were characterised at basal state and compared to wild-type mice.