The Presence of Added Sugars and Other Sweeteners in Food and Beverage Products Advertised on Television in the United States, 2022.

Background/objectives: The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend consuming less than 10% of total calories from added sugars. Low-calorie sweeteners, sugar alcohols, and natural low-calorie sweeteners are used to reduce added sugar intake, but there are concerns about their long-term health impacts, especially for children. This paper describes the food and beverage television advertising landscape as it pertains to sweeteners.

Trends in Children's Exposure to Food and Beverage Advertising on Television.

Importance: Reducing children's exposure to advertisements promoting unhealthy foods and beverages has been recognized by the World Health Organization as a key strategy to improve children's diets and reduce childhood obesity.

Objective: To examine changes in children's exposure to food-related (food, beverage, and restaurant) television advertising, including for products high in nutrients to limit (NTL; ie, saturated fat, trans fat, total sugars, and sodium) based on federal Interagency Working Group guidelines, following changes in the voluntary industry self-regulatory Children's Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative (CFBAI).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This repeated cross-sectional study used US television ratings data on advertising exposure from The Nielsen Company for 2013, 2014, 2015, 2018, and 2022.

Food Environment After Implementation of a Healthy Checkout Policy.

Importance: In March 2021, Berkeley, California, became the world's first jurisdiction to implement a healthy checkout policy, which sets nutrition standards for foods and beverages in store checkouts. This healthy checkout ordinance (HCO) has the potential to improve customers' dietary intake if stores comply by increasing the healthfulness of foods and beverages at checkouts.

Objectives: To compare the percentage of checkout products that were HCO compliant and that fell into healthy and unhealthy food and beverage categories before and 1 year after HCO implementation in Berkeley relative to comparison cities.

Evaluation of Fast-Food Restaurant Kids' Meal Beverage Offerings 1 Year After a State-Level Healthy Beverage Default Policy.

Introduction: Ordering from kids' menus and children's restaurant consumption is associated with greater purchasing and intake, respectively, of sugar-sweetened beverages. In response, policymakers have enacted strategies to improve the healthfulness of kids' meal offerings. This study investigated restaurant kids' meal beverage offerings and compliance with an Illinois healthy beverage default act, effective from January 1, 2022.

Analysis of social media compliance with cannabis advertising regulations: evidence from recreational dispensaries in Illinois 1-year post-legalization.

Background: In the USA, an increasing number of states have legalized commercial recreational cannabis markets, allowing a private industry to sell cannabis to those 21 and older at retail locations known as dispensaries. Research on tobacco and alcohol suggests this new industry will use aggressive marketing tactics to attract new users and promote greater intensity of use. Of concern is that cannabis company advertising campaigns may be appealing to youth, promote false or misleading health claims, and disproportionately target low-income and minority communities.

Neighborhood sociodemographic characteristics and healthfulness of store checkouts in Northern California.

Placement of products at food store checkouts has been shown to trigger impulse purchases and child purchasing requests. Therefore, food companies pay substantial amounts of money to ensure their products are placed at checkout, and these products are mostly unhealthy (e.g.

Retrospective evaluation of the incidence of presumed feline urethral obstruction during a prepandemic year compared to a pandemic year.

Objective: To investigate the influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the incidence of urethral obstruction (UO) in male cats.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: One veterinary university teaching hospital and 6 private practice veterinary specialty and emergency centers.

Evaluation of Short-Term Changes in Fast-Food Restaurant Online Kids' Meal Beverage Offerings Following a State-Level Healthy Beverage Default Policy.

Background: Consumption of food and beverages from restaurants is associated with poorer diet quality and a higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) among children, and SSBs are commonly offered as part of kids' meals at restaurants. Thus, an increasing number of states and localities have mandated that only healthy beverages be provided by default with kids' meals.

Objectives: We examined changes in default beverages offered with kids' meals 4 mo after an IL healthy beverage default (HBD) act took effect.

The impact of the Oakland sugar-sweetened beverage tax on price promotions of sugar-sweetened and alternative beverages.

The goal of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes is to raise the prices of SSBs to decrease consumption. Price promotions play an important role in the sales of SSBs and could potentially be used by manufacturers to weaken the impact of such taxes. The purpose of this study is to determine how price promotions changed after the introduction of the 2017 Oakland SSB tax.

Food and Beverage Environments at Store Checkouts in California: Mostly Unhealthy Products.

Background: As the only place in a store where customers must pass through, checkouts may be especially influential over purchases. Research is needed to understand the healthfulness of checkout environments.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to classify checkout product facings in California food stores.

What Is a School Farm? Results of a Scoping Review.

As school farms become more prominent programs to teach food education, research is needed to support school farms' implementation and sustainability. This scoping review included 94 articles on school farms from three bibliometric databases covering broad international literature. Vocational agricultural training, animal husbandry, and crop production were common characteristics of school farms across 103 years of publications.

Evaluation of Economic and Health Outcomes Associated With Food Taxes and Subsidies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Fiscal policy is a promising approach to incentivizing better food choices and reducing the burden of chronic disease. To inform guidelines on using fiscal policies, including taxes and subsidies, to promote health, the World Health Organization commissioned a systematic review and meta-analysis of the worldwide literature on the outcomes of such policies for food products.

Objective: To assess the outcomes of implemented food taxes and subsidies for prices, sales, consumption, and population-level diet and health.

Outcomes Following Taxation of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: More than 45 countries and several local jurisdictions have implemented sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes to improve nutrition and population health, and evidence on their outcomes to date is essential to inform policy discussions. Responding to this need, the World Health Organization commissioned a systematic literature review on the outcomes of fiscal policies, including SSB taxes.

Objective: To assess the associations of implemented SSB taxes with prices, sales, consumption, diet, body weight, product changes, unintended consequences, health, and pregnancy outcomes.

Queer dating during social distancing using a text-based app.

Sex and gender queer people experience feelings of isolation in a vast array of ways. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, queer people have been forced endure additional isolation not only from people, but also from much needed sources of acceptance for sexualities and genders. As queer-focused dating apps have increased in popularity and acceptance, they have become one way in which otherwise isolated queer people are able to connect, see, and be seen.

Advanced Oxygen Therapy for the Small Animal Patient - High-Flow Oxygen Therapy and Mechanical Ventilation.

High-flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNT) and positive pressure ventilation (PPV) are interventions used in the management of animals with respiratory failure. The indications for the use of these modalities, clinical application, prognosis, and a review of the current veterinary evidence are provided.

Fluid Therapy for the Emergent Small Animal Patient: Crystalloids, Colloids, and Albumin Products.

Water is essential for life. Without adequate fluid intake, normal body functioning becomes impaired and ultimately can lead to death. A fluid therapy plan should be considered for any small animal patient that has either inadequate fluid intake, excessive fluid loss, or both.

Impact of the Seattle Sweetened Beverage Tax on substitution to alcoholic beverages.

Introduction: Taxes are increasingly used as a policy tool aimed at reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), given their association with adverse health outcomes including type 2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease. However, a potential unintended consequence of such a policy could be that the tax induces substitution to alcoholic beverages. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the $0.

Longer-term impacts of the Oakland, California, sugar-sweetened beverage tax on prices and volume sold at two-years post-tax.

Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is associated with obesity and independently associated with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Not only is obesity a growing public health problem, but it is also most recently associated with increased risk of severe illness from COVID-19. Taxes on SSBs are a policy tool used to help curb SSB consumption and are currently implemented in 7 U.

The Potential for Healthy Checkout Policies to Advance Nutrition Equity.

Background: As the only place in a store where all customers must pass through and wait, the checkout lane may be particularly influential over consumer purchases. Because most foods and beverages sold at checkout are unhealthy (e.g.

"Holding the City's Feet to the Fire": Lessons Learned From Oakland's Implementation of Measure HH Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax.

Context: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes offer a promising public health strategy to decrease consumption of sugary beverages. To date, 7 US cities have successfully implemented SSB taxes; however, only a few studies have examined adoption and implementation processes.

Objectives: To describe public health and policy lessons learned during the first 2.

Evaluation of Changes in Grams of Sugar Sold After the Implementation of the Seattle Sweetened Beverage Tax.

Importance: Adults and children routinely exceed recommended intake amounts of added sugars established by dietary guidelines. Taxes are used as a policy tool to reduce demand for sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) given consumption-related adverse health outcomes but may induce substitution to other sources of added sugars.

Objective: To examine the extent to which changes in grams of sugar sold from taxed beverages may be offset by changes in grams of sugar sold from untaxed beverages, sweets, and stand-alone sugar after the implementation of the Seattle, Washington, Sweetened Beverage Tax (SBT) on January 1, 2018.

Impact of a sugar-sweetened beverage tax two-year post-tax implementation in Seattle, Washington, United States.

This study examines longer-run impacts of the Seattle, Washington, Sweetened Beverage Tax (SBT) on beverage prices, volume sold, and cross-border shopping. We use a difference-in-differences estimation approach, drawing on universal product code-level store scanner data on taxed and untaxed beverages one-year pre-tax and two-year post-tax with Portland, Oregon, as the comparison site. Two-year post-tax, prices of taxed beverages increased by 1.