Synchrotron-Based X-ray Fluorescence Imaging Elucidates Uranium Toxicokinetics in .

A combination of synchrotron-based elemental analysis and acute toxicity tests was used to investigate the biodistribution and adverse effects in exposed to uranium nanoparticle (UNP, 3-5 nm) suspensions or to uranium reference (U) solutions. Speciation analysis revealed similar size distributions between exposures, and toxicity tests showed comparable acute effects (UNP LC: 402 μg L [336-484], U LC: 268 μg L [229-315]). However, the uranium body burden was 3- to 5-fold greater in UNP-exposed daphnids, and analysis of survival as a function of body burden revealed a ∼5-fold higher specific toxicity from the U exposure.

Synchrotron XRF and Histological Analyses Identify Damage to Digestive Tract of Uranium NP-Exposed .

Micro- and nanoscopic X-ray techniques were used to investigate the relationship between uranium (U) tissue distributions and adverse effects to the digestive tract of aquatic model organism following uranium nanoparticle (UNP) exposure. X-ray absorption computed tomography measurements of intact daphnids exposed to sublethal concentrations of UNPs or a U reference solution (U) showed adverse morphological changes to the midgut and the hepatic ceca. Histological analyses of exposed organisms revealed a high proportion of abnormal and irregularly shaped intestinal epithelial cells.

Synchrotron XRF Analysis Identifies Cerium Accumulation Colocalized with Pharyngeal Deformities in CeO NP-Exposed .

A combination of synchrotron radiation-based elemental imaging, in vivo redox status analysis, histology, and toxic responses was used to investigate the uptake, biodistribution, and adverse effects of Ce nanoparticles (CeO NP; 10 nm; 0.5-34.96 mg Ce L) or Ce(NO) (2.