Biomarkers.

Background: There is an increased risk of epilepsy in Down syndrome (DS), especially after the age of 40. The onset of this co-occurring disease is closely associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) related cognitive deterioration. Therefore, understanding the impact of late-onset epilepsy on AD biomarkers in people with DS is crucial.

Developing Topics.

Background: Perivascular spaces (PVS), the small spaces surrounding vasculature in the brain which are critical for glymphatic clearance, are an emerging marker of cerebrovascular dysfunction. Abnormal expansion of PVS has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and, therefore, may provide a measure of disease risk. Here, we investigate the relationship between PVS burden, memory performance, neurodegeneration, and biomarkers of AD pathology in community-dwelling older adults without cognitive impairment.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: There is an increased risk of epilepsy in Down syndrome (DS), especially after the age of 40. The onset of this co-occurring disease is closely associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) related cognitive deterioration. Therefore, understanding the impact of late-onset epilepsy on AD biomarkers in people with DS is crucial.

Improving Health and Reducing Chronic Disease Disparities with Latinx Communities: Evaluating the Role of Documented Community-Based Intervention Participation.

Purpose: Limited evidence exists on the impact of participation in community-based chronic disease self-management and prevention programs on health disparities. The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of participation in the Healthy Here Wellness Referral System on existing disparities in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (BP), and diastolic BP among Hispanic/Latinx adults compared with non-Hispanic White adults.

Methods: We merged administrative clinical and referral data from 2018 through 2022 for adult patients in six focus ZIP codes in New Mexico resulting in a sample of 1331 patients and used regression models to examine predictors of intervention participation as well as propensity-adjusted impacts of participation on HbA1c and BP outcomes.

Over-the-counter and out-of-control: legal strategies to protect youths from abusing products for weight control.

Abuse of widely available, over-the-counter drugs and supplements such as laxatives and diet pills for weight control by youths is well documented in the epidemiological literature. Many such products are not medically recommended for healthy weight control or are especially susceptible to abuse, and their misuse can result in serious health consequences. We analyzed the government's role in regulating these products to protect public health.

Mild hyperoxia limits hTR levels, telomerase activity, and telomere length maintenance in hTERT-transduced bone marrow endothelial cells.

Reactivation of telomerase in endothelial cells (ECs) may be an effective approach to the treatment of vascular disorders associated with telomere attrition and EC senescence. However, overexpression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) does not prevent net telomere loss in ECs grown in standard culture medium with exposure to atmospheric oxygen (21% O(2)). Since these culture conditions are hyperoxic relative to normal tissue in vivo, where oxygen tension is estimated to be 1%-6%, we examined the effects of reduced exposure to oxidative stress (OS) on telomere length maintenance in hTERT-transduced bone marrow endothelial (BMhTERT) cells.

Clinical utility of a continuous intravenous infusion of valproic acid in pediatric patients.

Study Objective: To describe the dose-concentration relationship of a continuous intravenous infusion of valproic acid (VPA) in pediatric patients when a dosing protocol is used.

Design: Retrospective and concurrent chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care, 473-bed, academic medical center with a 120-bed, dedicated children's hospital.

Hypertonic saline treatment of cystic fibrosis.

Objective: To review the literature concerning the use of hypertonic saline (HS) in patients with cystic fibrosis and explain the rationale for its use.

Data Sources: A MEDLINE search was conducted through February 2007. Search terms included hypertonic saline, mucociliary clearance, cystic fibrosis, and human DNASE 1 protein.

The paradox of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: the initial management.

The potential risk for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia should be suspected in postoperative patients who develop thrombocytopenia in the presence of heparin and low-molecular weight heparin agents.

The paradox of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: future anticoagulation.

Heparin and low molecular weight heparin agents are frequently administered to postoperative orthopedic patients. In patients with a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, alternative anticoagulant agents to heparin for prophylaxis and treatment must be considered. Unfortunately, the data is limited in this patient population.

Inactivation of p16INK4a, with retention of pRB and p53/p21cip1 function, in human MRC5 fibroblasts that overcome a telomere-independent crisis during immortalization.

Recent investigations, including our own, have shown that specific strains of fibroblasts expressing telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) have an extended lifespan, but are not immortal. We previously demonstrated that hTERT-transduced MRC5 fetal lung fibroblasts (MRC5hTERTs) bypassed senescence but eventually succumbed to a second mortality barrier (crisis). In the present study, 67 MRC5hTERT clones were established by limiting dilution of a mass culture.

UV filter instability: consequences for the human lens.

Human lenses appear to become coloured with age primarily due to the covalent binding of UV filter compounds to lens proteins. These crystallin modifications result from the inherent instability of the kynurenine UV filters. Here we investigate this decomposition, the role this may have in the formation of other primate UV filters, and the interaction of the intermediates (alpha,beta-ketoalkenes) with lens components.

Glutathione and NADH, but not ascorbate, protect lens proteins from modification by UV filters.

Age-dependent human lens colouration and fluorescence may stem primarily from the covalent binding of UV filters to crystallins. The tendency of the kynurenine (Kyn) UV filters to deaminate at neutral pH, with the generation of reactive alpha,beta-ketoalkenes, underlies this phenomenon. In this study the authors examined the ability of small molecular weight antioxidants, which are known to be present in the lens, to inhibit this process.