Minimal reporting guideline for research involving eye tracking (2023 edition).

A guideline is proposed that comprises the minimum items to be reported in research studies involving an eye tracker and human or non-human primate participant(s). This guideline was developed over a 3-year period using a consensus-based process via an open invitation to the international eye tracking community. This guideline will be reviewed at maximum intervals of 4 years.

Pinch Strength Measurements in Adolescents With Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disease with typical onset between 20 and 50 years of age. An increase in MS cases has been found in the adolescent US population. Adolescents require fine motor manipulation skills for their functional and academic performance.

Physical activity and exercise outcomes in Huntington's disease (PACE-HD): results of a 12-month trial-within-cohort feasibility study of a physical activity intervention in people with Huntington's disease.

Introduction: While physical activity (PA) is recognized as important in Huntington's disease (HD) disease management, there has been no long-term evaluation undertaken. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a nested (within cohort) randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a physical therapist-led PA intervention.

Methods: Participants were recruited from six HD specialist centers participating in the Enroll-HD cohort study in Germany, Spain and U.

Immersive Technology for Cognitive-Motor Training in Parkinson's Disease.

Unlabelled: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease in which the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons (DA) leads to initially sporadic and eventually widespread damage of the nervous system resulting in significant musculoskeletal and cognitive deterioration. Loss of motor function alongside increasing cognitive impairment is part of the natural disease progression. Gait is often considered an automatic activity; however, walking is the result of a delicate balance of multiple systems which maintain the body's center of mass over an ever-changing base of support.

Postural control and gait measures derived from wearable inertial measurement unit devices in Huntington's disease: Recommendations for clinical outcomes.

Background: Postural control impairments begin early in Huntington's disease yet measures most sensitive to progression have not been identified. The aims of this study were to: 1) evaluate postural control and gait in people with and without Huntington's disease using wearable sensors; and 2) identify measures related to diagnosis and clinical severity.

Methods: 43 individuals with Huntington's disease and 15 age-matched peers performed standing with feet together and feet apart, sitting, and walking with wearable inertial sensors.

Quantification of Daily-Living Gait Quantity and Quality Using a Wrist-Worn Accelerometer in Huntington's Disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) leads to altered gait patterns and reduced daily-living physical activity. Accurate measurement of daily-living walking that takes into account involuntary movements (e.g.

Measures of postural control and mobility during dual-tasking as candidate markers of instability in Huntington's disease.

Background: Individuals with Huntington's disease (HD) have impairments in performing dual-tasks, however, there is limited information about the effects of changing postural and cognitive demands as well as which measures are best suited as markers of underlying motor-cognitive interference.

Methods: Forty-three individuals with HD and 15 healthy controls (HC) completed single tasks of walking (Timed Up & Go (TUG), 7 m walk), standing (feet together, feet apart and foam surface) and seated cognitive performance (Stroop, Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (DKEFS) Sorting test) and dual cognitive-motor tasks while standing (+ Stroop) and walking (+ DKEFS, TUG cognitive). APDM Opal sensors recorded measures of postural sway and time to complete motor tasks.

Correction to: Gait variability as digital biomarker of disease severity in Huntington's disease.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The name of one author is not presented correctly in the author group.

Gait variability as digital biomarker of disease severity in Huntington's disease.

Background: Impaired gait plays an important role for quality of life in patients with Huntington's disease (HD). Measuring objective gait parameters in HD might provide an unbiased assessment of motor deficits in order to determine potential beneficial effects of future treatments.

Objective: To objectively identify characteristic features of gait in HD patients using sensor-based gait analysis.

Music to One's Ears: Familiarity and Music Engagement in People With Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex diagnosis commonly associated with motor dysfunction, but known to comprise cognitive, psychiatric, and mood disturbances as well. Music has been successfully used to address motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. Still, little is known about the nature of an individual with PD's experience and relationship with music on conceptual and emotional levels, which may factor into their engagement in music-based techniques to ameliorate impairments.

Cognitive-Motor Interference in Neurodegenerative Disease: A Narrative Review and Implications for Clinical Management.

This paper provides a narrative review of cognitive motor interference in neurodegeneration, including brain imaging findings specific to interference effects in neurodegenerative disease, and dual task assessment and intervention in Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and Huntington's disease (HD). In a healthy central nervous system the ability to process information is limited. Limitations in capacity to select and attend to inputs influence the ability to prepare and perform multiple tasks.

Behavioral Assessment of Stress Compensation in Minipigs Transgenic for the Huntington Gene Using Cortisol Levels: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder with motor, cognitive, behavioral and metabolic symptoms. HD patients exhibit an altered response to stress which is reflected in changes of cortisol levels. Large animal models of HD such as the Libechov minipig are currently explored in preclinical studies to improve translational reliability and assessing behavior is of interest.

Behavioral testing of minipigs transgenic for the Huntington gene-A three-year observational study.

Background: Large animal models of Huntington's disease (HD) may increase the reliability of translating preclinical findings to humans. Long live expectancy offers opportunities particularly for disease modifying approaches, but also challenges. The transgenic (tg) HD minipig model assessed in this study exhibits a high genetic homology with humans, similar body weight, and comparable brain structures.

Building a framework for a dual task taxonomy.

The study of dual task interference has gained increasing attention in the literature for the past 35 years, with six MEDLINE citations in 1979 growing to 351 citations indexed in 2014 and a peak of 454 cited papers in 2013. Increasingly, researchers are examining dual task cost in individuals with pathology, including those with neurodegenerative diseases. While the influence of these papers has extended from the laboratory to the clinic, the field has evolved without clear definitions of commonly used terms and with extreme variations in experimental procedures.

Applying principles of motor learning and control to upper extremity rehabilitation.

The purpose of this article is to provide a brief review of the principles of motor control and learning. Different models of motor control from historical to contemporary are presented with emphasis on the Systems model. Concepts of motor learning including skill acquisition, measurement of learning, and methods to promote skill acquisition by examining the many facets of practice scheduling and use of feedback are provided.

Cell phones change the way we walk.

Cell phone use among pedestrians leads to increased cognitive distraction, reduced situation awareness and increases in unsafe behavior. Performing a dual-task, such as talking or texting with a cell phone while walking, may interfere with working memory and result in walking errors. At baseline, thirty-three participants visually located a target 8m ahead; then vision was occluded and they were instructed to walk to the remembered target.

Impaired anticipatory control of force sharing patterns during whole-hand grasping in Parkinson's disease.

We examined the coordination of multi-digit grasping forces as they developed during object grasping and lifting. Ten subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD; OFF and ON medication) and ten healthy age-matched control subjects lifted a manipulandum that measured normal forces at each digit and the manipulandum's position. The center of mass (CM) was changed from trial to trial in either a predictable (blocked) or unpredictable (random) order.

Effect of object transport on grasp coordination in multiple system atrophy.

We examined the effects of the parkinsonian variant of multiple-system atrophy (MSA-P) on grasp and forward transport and release of an object. Twelve patients with MSA-P and 10 age-matched control subjects performed the task with each of three object weights (200, 400, 800 gm). Subjects moved at a self-selected pace using a precision grip.

Coordination of fingertip forces during precision grasping in multiple system atrophy.

While the pathology and autonomic nervous system components of multiple system atrophy (MSA) have been well described, little is known about the associated motor dysfunction. One prominent feature of MSA is parkinsonism, although ataxias and pyramidal tract signs are frequently present. To investigate the nature of motor deficits in MSA, a natural grip-lift movement requiring a precision grasp was used to examine force coordination.