Studies on the gushing potential of Penicillium expansum.

Gushing describes the spontaneous excessive over-foaming of carbonated beverages leading to considerable economic losses and reputational damages to the beverage industry. Surface-active proteins produced by filamentous fungi are involved in the induction of gushing. In the current study, the role of Penicillium expansum in sparkling wine gushing was investigated.

Influence of fermentation conditions on the secretion of seripauperin 5 (PAU5) by industrial sparkling wine strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The yeast mannoprotein seripauperin 5 (PAU5) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a negative gushing biomarker in sparkling wine with a direct gushing-reducing effect. The knowledge about the influence of the yeast strain and the fermentation conditions on the PAU5 content in the final product could reduce the gushing potential of sparkling wines and avoid economic losses for sparkling wine producers. The potential of 30 different commercially used (sparkling) wine S.

Development and optimization of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the species-specific detection of Penicillium expansum.

Penicillium expansum is the main cause of Blue Mold Decay, which is the economically most significant postharvest disease on fruits. It occurs especially on pomaceous fruits such as apples and pears but also on a wide range of other fruits such as grapes or strawberries. Besides its negative economic effects on the industry, the fungus is also of health concern as it produces patulin, a mycotoxin known to provoke harmful effects in humans.

Development and optimization of a group-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of patulin-producing Penicillium species.

The mycotoxin patulin is a toxic fungal secondary metabolite occurring in food worldwide. Methods for rapid, simple and specific detection of patulin-producing fungi in food and feed are therefore urgently needed. In the current study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay based on the isoepoxydon dehydrogenase (idh) gene of the patulin biosynthetic pathway was developed and optimized for the group-specific detection of patulin-producing Penicillium species.

ATPase4A Autoreactivity and Its Association With Autoimmune Phenotypes in the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium Study.

Autoantibodies targeting the H+/K+-ATPase proton pump of the gastric parietal cell (parietal cell antibodies [PCA]) are diagnostic of atrophic body gastritis (ABG) leading to pernicious anemia (PA). PCA, ABG, and PA occur in increased frequency in patients with type 1 diabetes and their relatives and are considered "minor" components of forms of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS). A customized radioimmunoprecipitation assay was applied to 6,749 samples from the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium to measure ATP4A autoreactivity.

Changes in Zinc Transporter 8 Autoantibodies Following Type 1 Diabetes Onset: The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium Autoantibody Workshop.

Zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A) were analyzed in sera from 1,504 subjects as part of the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC) Autoantibody Workshop. For these participants with type 1 diabetes (T1D), samples were collected within 3 years of T1D diagnosis. ZnT8A were detected in 862 subjects (57.

Mapping of conformational autoantibody epitopes in ZNT8.

Background: Identification of the major humoral epitopes in zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) will expand the range of biomarkers for human type 1 diabetes and may provide clues to the mechanisms governing disease progression. Our initial studies suggested that most ZnT8-reactive sera recognize conformational epitopes in the final 100aa region of the molecule. Subsequently we identified residue 325 as a major determinant in two epitopes linked to a genetic polymorphism with high minor allele frequency (rs13266634).

Novel antigens in type 1 diabetes: the importance of ZnT8.

The presence of circulating islet cell autoantibodies distinguishes type 1A diabetes (T1D) from other diabetic syndromes and determination of autoantigen genes and proteins is instrumental in understanding T1D as a clinical entity and in investigating the pathogenesis of the disease. ZnT8 was recently defined as a candidate autoantigen based on a -bioinformatics analysis focused on discovery of beta-cell-specific proteins associated with the regulatory pathway of secretion. The native molecule does not lend itself easily to solution-phase autoantibody assays, but ligands based on the predicted domain structure and molecular modeling have led to robust diagnostic procedures showing high specificities and sensitivities that complement current T1D autoantibody assays and add to the predictive value of their measurement.