Chapter 10: Review of parent and healthcare provider experiences based on approach to managing Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS).

Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS) is a group of clinical withdrawal signs occurring in prenatally opioid-exposed newborns and manifesting as neurobehavioral dysregulation, including extreme irritability such as excessive crying, rigid muscle tone, and difficulty feeding and sleeping. One U.S.

Drug Testing of Pregnant Patients.

XXXX.

Conditions that influence coping mechanisms in Latina mothers affected by incarceration: A secondary analysis using the vulnerability framework.

The objective of this study is to assess women's vulnerability to becoming involved with the legal system as it relates to their exposure, sensitivity, and resiliency to specific experiences associated with incarceration before, during, and after their confinement using the vulnerability framework. We sampled 12 women who self-identified as Latina mothers from local jail annexes, probation department offices, and substance use treatment centers in South Central Texas. We conducted a qualitative, secondary analysis.

Opioid overdose prevention education in Texas during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Distribution of naloxone and training on its proper use are evidence-based strategies for preventing opioid overdose deaths. In-person naloxone training was conducted in major metropolitan areas and urban centers across Texas as part of a state-wide targeted opioid response program. The training program transitioned to a live, virtual format during the COVID-19 public health emergency declaration.

Stigmatization of Pregnant Individuals with Opioid Use Disorder.

The purpose of this study was to critically analyze the role of stigma in the care of pregnant and parenting individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) through the theoretical lens of the Reproductive Justice (RJ) framework. Overdose related maternal mortality, often involving opioids, is a national growing public health concern. OUD is a highly stigmatized condition that may negatively influence the well-being of pregnant/parenting individual's reproductive and human rights.

A Meta-Analysis of Breastfeeding Effects for Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.

Background: Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) rates have dramatically increased. Breastfeeding is a nonpharmacological intervention that may be beneficial, reducing NAS symptom severity and thus the need for and duration of pharmacological treatment and length of hospital stay.

Objectives: Conduct meta-analysis to determine whether breastfeeding results in better outcomes for NAS infants.

"Getting to Know Them": Person-Centered Care for Patients With Dementia in Acute Care.

Older adults with dementia are reported to have twice as many hospital stays as their age-matched counterparts without dementia. Acute care hospitals are generally not equipped to provide best care for persons with dementia. The purpose of the current qualitative study was to gain an understanding of the needs and perspectives of nursing staff and patient care technicians regarding delivering person-centered care (PCC) to patients with dementia.

Parental Decision-Making in Pediatric Intensive Care: A Concept Analysis.

The development of nursing knowledge requires a close relationship between theory, research, and practice. The purpose of the analysis of the concept of "parental decision-making in pediatric critical care" is to facilitate nurses' therapeutic care of critically ill children and their families. To construct, structure, and give meaning to the concept, we use our experience in the field, critical reading of the literature, and careful analysis of data that have emerged about parental decision-making in pediatric intensive care.

Recovering Together: Mothers' Experiences Providing Skin-to-Skin Care for Their Infants With NAS.

Background: Over the past 2 decades, the prevalence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) has increased almost 5-fold. Skin-to-skin care (SSC), a method of parent-infant holding, is a recommended nonpharmacologic intervention for managing NAS symptoms. SSC has the potential to reduce withdrawal symptoms while positively influencing parent-infant attachment.

The Role of Stigma in the Nursing Care of Families Impacted by Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.

Background: The current US opioid crisis has resulted in a significant increase in opioid use disorder among pregnant and parenting women. Substance use disorders, in general, are highly stigmatized conditions. Stigma serves as a well-documented global barrier to health-seeking behaviors and engagement in healthcare.

A life-course theory exploration of opioid-related maternal mortality in the United States.

Background And Aims: Between 2007 and 2016, pregnancy-associated mortality resulting from overdose more than doubled in the United States. This study explored the circumstances surrounding maternal opioid-related morbidity and mortality, using the life-course theory as a sensitizing framework to examine how each participant's life-course contributed to her substance use, relapse, recovery or overdose.

Design: A mixed-methods study using semi-structured, in-depth face-to-face interviews and focus groups were conducted.

National Partnership for Maternal Safety: Consensus Bundle on Obstetric Care for Women With Opioid Use Disorder.

The opioid epidemic is a public health crisis, and pregnancy-associated morbidity and mortality due to substance use highlights the need to prioritize substance use as a major patient safety issue. To assist health care providers with this process and mitigate the effect of substance use on maternal and fetal safety, the National Partnership for Maternal Safety within the Council on Patient Safety in Women's Health Care has created a patient safety bundle to reduce adverse maternal and neonatal health outcomes associated with substance use. The Consensus Bundle on Obstetric Care for Women with Opioid Use Disorder provides a series of evidence-based recommendations to standardize and improve the quality of health care services for pregnant and postpartum women with opioid use disorder, which should be implemented in every maternity care setting.

Brazilian Neonatal Nurses' Palliative Care Experiences.

The purpose of palliative care (PC) is to minimize suffering and improve quality of life. Although PC has been well studied, the experience of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses in Brazil, where little PC training is provided, requires further investigation. The objective of this study was to explore the PC experiences of Brazilian NICU nurses.

Mothers' Emotional Experiences Providing Care for Their Infants Within the Culture of an Iranian Neonatal Unit.

Background: Each year, 5% to 8% of Iranian newborns require care in a neonatal unit (NU). Reasons for admission include prematurity, infection, and congenital anomalies. Little research has been conducted on the culture of Iranian NUs and the impact this has on mothers' emotional caregiving experiences.

"I'm Doing the Best That I Can for Her": Infant-Feeding Decisions of Mothers Receiving Medication-Assisted Treatment for an Opioid Use Disorder.

Background: Several professional health organizations have made statements endorsing the safety of breastfeeding for women taking medication-assisted treatment for an opioid use disorder. Yet, breastfeeding initiation rates for this population are approximately 50% lower than the general United States' population. Furthermore, little is known about what influences the infant-feeding decisions of these women.

The Mothering Experiences of Women With Substance Use Disorders.

The aim of this qualitative study was to describe the mothering experiences of women with substance use disorders. We conducted semistructured, individual interviews with 15 mothers. Using thematic analysis, 5 themes were identified: (1) facing the reality of a pregnancy complicated by substance use, trauma, and loss, (2) finding a higher meaning, (3) dealing with the consequences, (4) managing the details of daily life, and (5) looking toward a future with my children.

Understanding Self-regulation Behaviors in South Asians With Coronary Artery Disease: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Background: South Asians (SAs) have a well-documented risk for mortality related to coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there is a lack of evidence to guide the implementation and dissemination of primary and secondary interventions to control and deter progression of CAD in SAs.

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore and describe self-regulation behaviors in SAs with CAD using Leventhal's Common Sense Model.

Baby Boy Jones Interactive Case-Based Learning Activity: A Web-Delivered Teaching Strategy.

Faced with limited resources, nurse educators are challenged with transforming nursing education while preparing enough qualified nurses to meet future demand; therefore, innovative approaches to teaching are needed. In this article, we describe the development of an innovative teaching activity. Baby Boy Jones is a Web-delivered, case-based learning activity focused on neonatal infection.

Experiences of mothers of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Objective: To describe the experiences of mothers of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Design: Qualitative description.

Setting: We recruited participants from community-based, out-patient, addiction treatment facilities in a large urban city in the southwestern region of the United States.

"Try not to judge": mothers of substance exposed infants.

Purpose: To describe the hospital experiences of mothers who give birth to substance-exposed infants.

Study Design And Methods: Secondary analysis of data from a larger study that was focused on the experiences of Mexican-American mothers in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) was conducted. Semistructured interviews with five women who were recovering addicts on methadone were analyzed.