Measuring the Quality of Pudendal Nerve Perineural Injections.

Background: Pudendal neuropathy is a tunnel syndrome characterized by pelvic pain and may include bowel, bladder, or sexual dysfunction or a combination of these. One treatment method, pudendal nerve perineural injections (PNPIs), uses infiltration of bupivacaine and corticosteroid around the nerve to provide symptom relief. Bupivacaine also anesthetizes the skin in the receptive field of the nerve that is injected.

Retreatment after percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the computed tomographic era: long-term follow-up.

Objective: To examine the long-term retreatment rates and explore prognostic factors after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the computed tomographic era.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent PCNL with a standardized technique attempting complete fragment detection and clearance by a single surgeon between September 2000 and June 2004 were identified. Through medical record, review details of procedures and outcomes were collected.

Does operative time affect infection rate in primary total knee arthroplasty?

Background: Prolonged operative time may increase the risk of infection after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Both surgeon-related and patient-related factors can contribute to increased operative times.

Questions/purposes: The purpose of this study was to determine (1) whether increased operative time is an independent risk factor for revision resulting from infection after TKA; (2) whether increasing body mass index (BMI) increased operative time; and (3) whether increasing experience substantially decreased operative time.