Utilization and expenditure on medicines for the management of osteoporosis in Ireland: A repeated cross-sectional study.

Aim: Osteoporosis is a prevalent skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and increased fracture risk. Management of osteoporosis typically involves antiresorptive and anabolic therapies, which are reimbursed in Ireland through various drug schemes. This study aims to summarize the utilization patterns associated with medicines used in the management of osteoporosis in Ireland.

Plain versus drug balloon and stenting in severe ischaemia of the leg (BASIL-3): open label, three arm, randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial.

Objective: To determine which primary endovascular revascularisation strategy represents the most clinically effective treatment for patients with chronic limb threatening ischaemia who require endovascular femoro-popliteal, with or without infra-popliteal, revascularisation.

Design: Three arm, open label, pragmatic, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 superiority trial (BASIL-3).

Setting: 35 UK NHS vascular units.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling through Müller glia regulates neuroprotection and the accumulation of immune cells in the rodent retina.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling regulates glial phenotype, neuroprotection, and reprogramming of Müller glia (MG) into neurogenic MG-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) in the adult mouse retina. We found that S1P-related genes were dynamically regulated following retinal damage. (encoding S1P receptor 1) and (encoding sphingosine kinase 1) are expressed at low levels by resting MG and are rapidly upregulated following acute damage.

Phase 1 clinical trial of B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA) NEX-T® Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cell therapy CC-98633/BMS-986354 in participants with triple-class exposed multiple myeloma.

BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells transformed the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), yet improvements are needed in manufacturing, toxicity and efficacy. We conducted a phase 1 clinical trial of BMS-986354, an autologous BCMA CAR T manufactured using an optimized NEX-T® process, in participants with triple-class exposed, RRMM. The 65 participants had a median of 5 (range 3-13) prior regimens, 39% had cytogenetic high-risk, 91% triple-class refractory, and 43% extra-medullar disease.

Protein phosphatases regulate the formation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells in the chick retina.

Different kinase-dependent cell signaling pathways are known to play important roles in glia-mediated neuroprotection and reprogramming of Müller glia (MG) into Müller glia-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) in the retina. However, very little is known about the phosphatases that regulate kinase-dependent signaling in MG. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) databases, we investigated patterns of expression of Dual Specificity Phosphatases (DUSP1/6) and other protein phosphatases in normal and damaged chick retinas.

Professional quality of life in animal research personnel is linked to retention & job satisfaction: A mixed-methods cross-sectional survey on compassion fatigue in the USA.

Background: Working with research animals can be both rewarding and challenging. The rewarding part of the work is associated with understanding the necessity for animal research to improve the health of humans and animals and the knowledge that one can provide care and compassion for the animals. Challenges with animal research include witnessing stress/pain in animals necessitated by scientific requirements, end of study euthanasia, and societal stigmatization about animal research.

It's Not Just: Evaluation of a Media Campaign to Motivate Action Around Targeting of Menthol Tobacco in Black Communities.

Introduction: For more than 60 years, tobacco companies have aggressively marketed menthol tobacco products in Black communities. In 2021, New York State Department of Health-funded grantees launched a media campaign aimed toward civically engaged New York adults to educate and mobilize community action to prevent targeted marketing of menthol tobacco. This study examined audience reactions to the campaign and associations between campaign awareness and key outcomes.

Preneoplastic cells switch to Warburg metabolism from their inception exposing multiple vulnerabilities for targeted elimination.

Otto Warburg described tumour cells as displaying enhanced aerobic glycolysis whilst maintaining defective oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for energy production almost 100 years ago [1, 2]. Since then, the 'Warburg effect' has been widely accepted as a key feature of rapidly proliferating cancer cells [3-5]. What is not clear is how early "Warburg metabolism" initiates in cancer and whether changes in energy metabolism might influence tumour progression ab initio.

Opportunities and challenges with transitioning to non-lethal sampling of wild fish for microbiome research.

The microbial communities of fish are considered an integral part of maintaining the overall health and fitness of their host. Research has shown that resident microbes reside on various mucosal surfaces, such as the gills, skin, and gastrointestinal tract, and play a key role in various host functions, including digestion, immunity, and disease resistance. A second, more transient group of microbes reside in the digesta, or feces, and are primarily influenced by environmental factors such as the host diet.

Protein phosphatases regulate the formation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells in the chick retina.

Different kinase-dependent cell signaling pathways are known to play important roles in glia-mediated neuroprotection and reprogramming of Müller glia (MG) into Müller glia-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) in the retina. However, very little is known about the phosphatases that regulate kinase-dependent signaling in MG. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) databases, we investigated patterns of expression of Dual Specificity Phosphatases (DUSP1/6) and other protein phosphatases in normal and damaged chick retinas.

Editor's Choice - Bypass versus Angioplasty for Severe Ischaemia of the Leg (BASIL) Prospective Cohort Study and the Generalisability of the BASIL-2 Randomised Controlled Trial.

Objective: The Bypass versus Angioplasty in Severe Ischaemia of the Leg-2 (BASIL-2) randomised controlled trial has shown that, for patients with chronic limb threatening ischaemia (CLTI) who require an infrapopliteal (IP) revascularisation a vein bypass (VB) first revascularisation strategy led to a 35% increased risk of major amputation or death when compared with a best endovascular treatment (BET) first revascularisation strategy. The study aims are to place the BASIL-2 trial within the context of the CLTI patient population as a whole and to investigate the generalisability of the BASIL-2 outcome data.

Methods: This was an observational, single centre prospective cohort study.

Tunable Photocatalytic Singlet Oxygen Generation by Metal-Organic Frameworks via Functionalization of Pyrene-Containing Linkers.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly versatile materials that have shown great promise in chemical warfare agent (CWA) adsorption and decontamination. Sulfur mustard has been one of the most prominently used CWAs over the last century; therefore, the development of effective detoxification strategies is of utmost importance. However, typical routes of detoxification are slow and/or result in the production of harmful byproducts.

Correction: Heterogeneous expression of CFTR in insulin-secreting β-cells of the normal human islet.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Film as cooperative endeavour: The promises for people living with dementia, their relatives, caregivers and aged care staff.

Creative expression by people living with dementia and their families and carers can improve communication and relationships and strengthen relational personhood. The transition to residential aged care from living at home with dementia is a time of 'relocation stress", and a time when additional psychosocial supports like these might be particularly beneficial. This article reports on a qualitative study that explored how a co-operative filmmaking project functioned as a multifaceted psychosocial intervention, and explored its potential impacts on relocation stressors.

Therapeutic blood-brain barrier modulation and stroke treatment by a bioengineered FZD-selective WNT surrogate in mice.

Derangements of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-retinal barrier (BRB) occur in disorders ranging from stroke, cancer, diabetic retinopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. The Norrin/FZD/TSPAN12 pathway activates WNT/β-catenin signaling, which is essential for BBB and BRB function. However, systemic pharmacologic FZD stimulation is hindered by obligate palmitoylation and insolubility of native WNTs and suboptimal properties of the FZD-selective ligand Norrin.

A vein bypass first versus a best endovascular treatment first revascularisation strategy for patients with chronic limb threatening ischaemia who required an infra-popliteal, with or without an additional more proximal infra-inguinal revascularisation procedure to restore limb perfusion (BASIL-2): an open-label, randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial.

Background: Chronic limb-threatening ischaemia is the severest manifestation of peripheral arterial disease and presents with ischaemic pain at rest or tissue loss (ulceration, gangrene, or both), or both. We compared the effectiveness of a vein bypass first with a best endovascular treatment first revascularisation strategy in terms of preventing major amputation and death in patients with chronic limb threatening ischaemia who required an infra-popliteal, with or without an additional more proximal infra-inguinal, revascularisation procedure to restore limb perfusion.

Methods: Bypass versus Angioplasty for Severe Ischaemia of the Leg (BASIL)-2 was an open-label, pragmatic, multicentre, phase 3, randomised trial done at 41 vascular surgery units in the UK (n=39), Sweden (n=1), and Denmark (n=1).

International Music Therapists' Perceptions and Experiences in Telehealth Music Therapy Provision.

The use of telehealth within music therapy practice has increased through necessity in recent years. To contribute to the evolving evidence base, this current study on Telehealth Music Therapy (TMT) was undertaken to investigate the telehealth provision experiences of music therapists internationally. Participants completed an anonymous online cross-sectional survey covering demographics, clinical practice, telehealth provision, and telehealth perceptions.

Adaptations to a cohort study in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: insights from Growing Up in Ireland.

Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) is the national longitudinal study of children and young people in the Republic of Ireland and has followed two cohorts for over ten years to date: Cohort '98 who were recruited into the study at age nine years and Cohort '08, recruited at age nine months. The study aims to describe the lives of Irish children and young people in terms of their development, with a view to positively affecting policies and services available for them. Traditionally, data collection involved in-home visits from an interviewer who conducted face-to-face interviews, recorded physical measurements of study participants and administered cognitive assessments.

Chromatin access regulates the formation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells in the retina.

Chromatin access and epigenetic control over gene expression play important roles in regulating developmental processes. However, little is known about how chromatin access and epigenetic gene silencing influence mature glial cells and retinal regeneration. Herein, we investigate the expression and functions of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH; AHCY) and histone methyltransferases (HMTs) during the formation of Müller glia (MG)-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) in the chick and mouse retinas.