Association of Burnout and Other Factors Within Physicians and Advanced Practice Providers in an Academic Surgery Department.

Background: Provider burnout is a work-related syndrome that is under-recognized, under-reported, and has negative repercussions on the individual, system, and patients. This study investigated burnout incidence and its association with wellness characteristics such as resilience, psychological safety, and perceptions of the workplace to inform future work in improving well-being.

Methods: Electronic surveys were sent to 153 physicians and advanced practice providers (APPs) in the department of surgery at a single institution.

Defining Types of Leadership Within an Academic Surgery Department to Promote Change for Decreasing Rates of Burnout.

Objectives: Successful leaders influence the group they represent. Effective surgical care is tied to its leadership climate. However, most surgical providers are not attuned to their individual strengths which if known they could leverage them within their teams.

Multidisciplinary Management of Menopause: Symposium Proceedings.

This proceeding summarizes a symposium on multidisciplinary management of menopause held on July 30, 2021 as part of the Health of Women 2021 conference. The workshop featured presentations by national experts who provided insights into multidisciplinary approaches to the management of menopause, vasomotor symptoms and genitourinary syndrome of menopause, bone health (including osteoporosis, muscular strength, and mobility), as well as sexual and psychological health during menopause. In this study, we highlight the major points of each presentation and the resultant discussion.

A trauma-informed substance use disorder prevention program for transracially adopted children and adolescents.

The prevalence of substance use among transracial and international adoptees is higher than that of non-adopted persons, and yet no specialized treatment modalities exist for this underserved population. Our purpose is to propose a substance use disorder (SUD) prevention program for transracial adoptive families that addresses the specific issues that face this community. There are several pre- and post-adoption factors which position transracial and international adoptees (TRIAs) to be at higher risk to develop SUDs.

The Rectus Abdominis Perforator Turndown Flap for Preserving Rectus Continuity: A DIEP Alternative?

Unlabelled: The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap for breast reconstruction has been popularized over the transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap, as it spares rectus abdominis muscle and has low donor site morbidity. This progression to muscle preservation, however, has been associated with an increased difficulty in vascular dissection, perfusion-related complications, and lengthier surgical times. We pilot a technique that may achieve the benefits of the TRAM flap in terms of ease of dissection and vascularity, with the benefits of the DIEP flap in terms of maintaining rectus abdominis continuity.

Effects of COVID-19 lockdown measures on emergency plastic and reconstructive surgery presentations.

Background: In Australia, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe social disruptions, including restrictions to the movement of people. Healthcare centres around the world have seen changes in the nature of injuries acquired during the COVID-19 pandemic; we therefore hypothesize that social isolation measures have changed the pattern of plastic and reconstructive surgery presentations.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was designed comparing patient presentations during the enforced COVID-19 lockdown to two previous periods.

Effect of Phenotype Selection on Genome Size Variation in Two Species of Diptera.

Genome size varies widely across organisms yet has not been found to be related to organismal complexity in eukaryotes. While there is no evidence for a relationship with complexity, there is evidence to suggest that other phenotypic characteristics, such as nucleus size and cell-cycle time, are associated with genome size, body size, and development rate. However, what is unknown is how the selection for divergent phenotypic traits may indirectly affect genome size.

How should we manage women with fat necrosis following autologous breast reconstruction: An algorithmic approach.

Fat necrosis is a common complication of autologous breast reconstruction; however, diagnostic criteria are yet to be standardized, making comparison of autologous breast reconstructive techniques challenging. A systematic review found six of 556 articles met inclusion criteria. These results were used to generate an algorithm for managing fat necrosis after autologous breast reconstruction.

Patients' perceived needs of osteoarthritis health information: A systematic scoping review.

Background: Optimal management of osteoarthritis requires active patient participation. Understanding patients' perceived health information needs is important in order to optimize health service delivery and health outcomes in osteoarthritis. We aimed to review the existing literature regarding patients' perceived health information needs for OA.

Intrapopulation genome size variation in D. melanogaster reflects life history variation and plasticity.

We determined female genome sizes using flow cytometry for 211 Drosophila melanogaster sequenced inbred strains from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel, and found significant conspecific and intrapopulation variation in genome size. We also compared several life history traits for 25 lines with large and 25 lines with small genomes in three thermal environments, and found that genome size as well as genome size by temperature interactions significantly correlated with survival to pupation and adulthood, time to pupation, female pupal mass, and female eclosion rates. Genome size accounted for up to 23% of the variation in developmental phenotypes, but the contribution of genome size to variation in life history traits was plastic and varied according to the thermal environment.

Natural variation in genome architecture among 205 Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel lines.

The Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) is a community resource of 205 sequenced inbred lines, derived to improve our understanding of the effects of naturally occurring genetic variation on molecular and organismal phenotypes. We used an integrated genotyping strategy to identify 4,853,802 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 1,296,080 non-SNP variants. Our molecular population genomic analyses show higher deletion than insertion mutation rates and stronger purifying selection on deletions.

Drosophila melanogaster p24 trafficking proteins have vital roles in development and reproduction.

p24 proteins comprise a family of type-I transmembrane proteins of ~24kD that are present in yeast and plants as well as metazoans ranging from Drosophila to humans. These proteins are most commonly localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi interface and are incorporated in anterograde and retrograde transport vesicles. Little is known about how disruption of p24 signaling affects individual tissue function or whole animals.

Socially-responsive gene expression in male Drosophila melanogaster is influenced by the sex of the interacting partner.

Behavior is influenced by an organism's genes and environment, including its interactions with same or opposite sex individuals. Drosophila melanogaster perform innate, yet socially modifiable, courtship behaviors that are sex specific and require rapid integration and response to multiple sensory cues. Furthermore, males must recognize and distinguish other males from female courtship objects.

Mating alters gene expression patterns in Drosophila melanogaster male heads.

Background: Behavior is a complex process resulting from the integration of genetic and environmental information. Drosophila melanogaster rely on multiple sensory modalities for reproductive success, and mating causes physiological changes in both sexes that affect reproductive output or behavior. Some of these effects are likely mediated by changes in gene expression.

Drosophila melanogaster p24 genes have developmental, tissue-specific, and sex-specific expression patterns and functions.

Genes encoding members of the p24 family of intracellular trafficking proteins are present throughout animal and plant lineages. However, very little is known about p24 developmental, spatial, or sex-specific expression patterns or how localized expression affects function. We investigated these problems in Drosophila melanogaster, which contains nine genes encoding p24 proteins.

Distribution and chemical coding of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART)-immunoreactive neurons in the guinea pig bowel.

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-immunoreactive (CART-IR) neurons and nerve fibers were abundant in the submucosal and myenteric plexuses of the guinea pig duodenum, ileum, cecum, proximal and distal colon. CART immunoreactivity was also observed in cell bodies and nerve fibers in the extrahepatic biliary tract. In the myenteric plexus, similar proportions (~20-25%) of neurons were CART-IR in all regions, with the exception of the cecum, where only 13% were CART-IR.