Description of patient questions received by clinical pharmacists in the Nudge Study.

Purpose: The Nudge Study is a patient level-randomized trial testing different text message medication refill reminders sent to patients assigned to 4 arms: (1) usual care, (2) generic text, (3) optimized text, and (4) optimized text plus chatbot. This report describes the frequency and types of patient questions sent to clinical pharmacists (CPs) following text reminders.

Methods: Patients were enrolled from Denver Health and Hospital Authority (DHHA) and Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System (VA ECHCS) from October 1, 2019, through May 30, 2021.

Leave me out: Patients' characteristics and reasons for opting out of a pragmatic clinical trial involving medication adherence.

Opt-out procedures are sometimes used instead of standard consent practices to enable patients to exercise their autonomous preferences regarding research participation while reducing patient and researcher burden. However, little is known about the characteristics of patients who opt-out of research and their reasons for doing so. We gathered such information in a large pragmatic clinical trial (PCT) evaluating the effect of theory informed text messages on medication adherence.