Persistent Postoperative Opioid Prescription Fulfillment and Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Ambulatory Shoulder Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: There is need to identify perioperative interventions that decrease chronic opioid use. The authors hypothesized that receipt of a peripheral nerve block would be associated with a lower incidence of persistent postoperative opioid prescription fulfillment.

Methods: This was a retrospective population-based cohort study examining ambulatory shoulder surgery patients in Ontario, Canada.

Prescribing smoked cannabis for chronic noncancer pain: preliminary recommendations.

Objective: To offer preliminary guidance on prescribing smoked cannabis for chronic pain before the release of formal guidelines.

Quality Of Evidence: We reviewed the literature on the analgesic effectiveness of smoked cannabis and the harms of medical and recreational cannabis use. We developed recommendations on indications, contraindications, precautions, and dosing of smoked cannabis, and categorized the recommendations based on levels of evidence.