Short-term effects of an elimination diet and healthy diet in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a randomized-controlled trial.

An Elimination Diet (ED) may be effective in reducing symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but has never been compared to an active control condition [i.e., Healthy Diet (HD)].

Delirium and long-term psychopathology following surgery in older adults.

Objective: To describe the risk of postoperative delirium and long-term psychopathology (depression, anxiety or post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSS)) in older adults.

Methods: 255 elderly patients (≥ 65 years) undergoing major surgery (planned surgical time > 60 min) in a tertiary hospital were compared to 76 non-surgical controls from general practice. Patients were assessed twice daily for postoperative delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM(-ICU)), nursing delirium screening scale (NuDESC) and validated chart review.

Low-frequency exercise training improves cardiovascular fitness and strength during treatment for breast cancer: a single-arm intervention study.

Aerobic and resistance exercise during and after cancer treatment are important for health-related outcomes, however treatment-specific barriers may inhibit adherence. We explored the effect of lower-frequency exercise training on fitness, body composition, and metabolic markers (i.e.

Episodic and semantic memory processes in the boundary extension effect: An investigation using the remember/know paradigm.

Background: Boundary extension (BE) is a phenomenon where participants report from memory that they have experienced more information of a scene than was initially presented. The goal of the current study was to investigate whether BE is fully based on episodic memory or also involves semantic scheme knowledge.

Methods: The study incorporated the remember/know paradigm into a BE task.

A two arm randomized controlled trial comparing the short and long term effects of an elimination diet and a healthy diet in children with ADHD (TRACE study). Rationale, study design and methods.

Background: Food may trigger Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Therefore, an elimination diet (ED) might be an effective treatment for children with ADHD. However, earlier studies were criticized for the nature of the control group, potential confounders explaining the observed effects, unsatisfactory blinding, potential risks of nutritional deficiencies and unknown long term and cost-effectiveness.

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Overestimates Fat-Free Mass in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Treatment.

Background: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is commonly used to assess fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) in breast cancer patients. However, because of the prevalence of overweight, obesity and variable hydration status in these patients, assumptions for existing prediction equations developed in healthy adults may be violated, resulting in inaccurate body composition assessment.

Methods: We measured whole-body FFM using single-frequency BIA (50 kHz) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 48 patients undergoing treatment for breast cancer.