Background: Substance use and substance use disorders (SUD) are prevalent among college students. Information about the gap between substance use treatment need versus treatment receipt can guide efforts to increase service access. This study examined past-year DSM-5 SUD and receipt of treatment among US college students.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo identify the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among sexual or gender minorities (SGMs) and examine the impact of ACEs on their health. We analyzed 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Respondents from Arkansas, Iowa, Mississippi, Nevada, and Wisconsin completed modules on 10 individual ACEs, sexual orientation and gender identity, and health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To examine the relation between perinatal depression at child age 1 year and behavioral issues and altered social functioning at school age.
Methods: The Future of Families (formerly Fragile Families) and Child Wellbeing Study longitudinal cohort age 9 nationally representative urban sample was used to examine associations between maternal depression at child age 1 and child behavior and social functioning at age 9 (n = 2,305 children and their mothers). Measures included the Composite International Diagnostics Interview (depression), Child Behavior Checklist total score (child behavior problems) and social function subscale.
Patient’s regret (PatR) concerning the choice of therapy represents a crucial endpoint for treatment evaluation after radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer (PCA). This study aims to compare PatR following robot-assisted (RARP) and open surgical approach (ORP). A survey comprising perioperative-functional criteria was sent to 1000 patients in 20 German centers at a median of 15 months after RP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Smoking during pregnancy and prenatal secondhand smoke exposure increase the risk of preterm birth. As Kentucky has the second highest rate of smoking in the United States and no statewide smoke-free law, an examination of the effect of municipal smoke-free legislation on preterm birth is warranted.
Objective: This study used state-level live birth data and county-level municipal smoke-free legislation status to assess the association between the presence and strength of smoke-free laws and the likelihood of preterm birth.
Public Health Nurs
September 2022
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics and age of initiation of nicotine and cannabis use, with a particular focus on the emerging adult period (ages 18-24 years) and concurrent use of nicotine with cannabis.
Design: A secondary analysis of Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH).
Sample: 32,078 participants from a nationally representative study of tobacco use and health outcomes.
Purpose: Infants with single ventricle physiology experience numerous vulnerable transitions, and the interstage period for shunt-dependent children represents the time of highest risk for morbidity and mortality. Data exchange, physiological monitoring, and communication between clinicians and caregivers through interstage home monitoring are critical. The purpose of this study is to report on the acceptability of a technology-enhanced home monitoring mobile application for interstage family management of children with single ventricle physiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Perinat Neonatal Nurs
November 2021
Opioid use in the perinatal period has escalated rapidly, with potentially devastating outcomes for perinatal persons and infants. Substance use treatment is effective and has the potential to greatly improve clinical outcomes; however, characteristics of care received from providers including nurses have been described as a barrier to treatment. Our purpose was to describe supportive perinatal care experiences of persons with opioid use disorder.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: In the US, approximately 8% of pregnant women smoke, and 5-11.9% currently use ENDS products. The health effects of ENDS use are debated; however, most contain nicotine which is known to cause adverse perinatal outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Opioid use during pregnancy is a significant public health issue. The standard of care for treating opioid use disorder during pregnancy includes medications for opioid disorder (MOUD). However, tobacco use often goes unaddressed among pregnant women on MOUD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg
January 2021
Background And Study Objective: Roughly 12 to 47% of individuals with cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are asymptomatic, while other people may present with symptoms such as epileptic seizures, neurologic deficits, and intracerebral hemorrhages (IH). The aim of this study was to report our experience of postoperative outcomes of patients diagnosed with CCMs.
Patients And Methods: We present a series of consecutive patients who underwent surgical treatment for a diagnosed CCM between January 2003 and March 2014.
: The aim of this study was to investigate whether preoperative functional imaging and intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) facilitate surgery and improve outcomes in the surgical treatment of cavernous malformations of the brain (CM).: Retrospective data analysis was performed for consecutive patients diagnosed with a CM who underwent surgical treatment at a single academic institution during a 12 year period. A total of 91 patients was eligible for analysis with a mean age of 38.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Despite strong prevention efforts and advances in neonatal care in recent decades, low birth weight remains a serious public health problem in the United States, and survivors remain at increased risk for lifelong problems including cognitive deficits. Current regional and local strategies for referral often rely on variable thresholds for birth weight and gestational age that may be poor analogues to cognitive risk. Improving early referral criteria offers many benefits, including improved cognitive outcomes for children and improved cost-effectiveness and resource utilization in resource-limited communities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow birth weight is an ongoing public health problem with severe consequences for those affected, including early morbidity and mortality and elevated risk for lifelong deficits in cognitive function. These deficits can be ameliorated by early intervention in many cases. To contribute to criteria for earlier identification of at-risk children prior to the onset of delays or deficits, we examined relationships between three gene candidates-, , and cognitive outcomes at school age in a secondary analysis of existing data from a nationally representative cohort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMatern Child Health J
September 2019
The effects of place on human health and development have been extensively studied in recent years in the adult and adolescent populations, but minimal research has addressed neighborhood effects in early childhood. This analysis of the National Survey of Children's Health 2011/2012 cross-sectional survey examined relationships between risk for developmental disability in early childhood and neighborhood characteristics in a nationally-representative sample of children ages 0-5 years. Parents reported on their child's development using a well-validated parent report screening tool for developmental problems (the Parent's Evaluation of Developmental Status tool), and neighborhood and family characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Health Care
September 2018
Despite the lifecourse focus of nursing clinical care, nursing research largely remains cross-sectional or process-oriented within silos determined by patient characteristics such as age, acuity, or disease process. Incorporating interdisciplinary lifecourse theory into pediatric nursing research provides the opportunity to expand nursing theories and research beyond practice, age, and disease silos. One such theory is the Lifecourse Health Development (LCHD) framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanistic pathways linking maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status with gestational length are poorly delineated. This study examined whether inflammation and sleep quality serve as mediators, focusing on the antiinflammatory ω-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n3) and proinflammatory ω-6 arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n6). Pregnant women (n = 135) provided a blood sample and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at 20-27 weeks gestation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreterm infants are at elevated risk for a host of neurodevelopmental problems, including disorders that appear later in life. Gene-environment interactions and prematurity may combine to increase the risk for poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Increasing evidence supports a genetic link to risk for atypical development; however, no genomic risk profiles are currently used for infants without apparent genetic disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Objectives: Poor sleep promotes inflammation. In turn, inflammation is a causal mechanism in term as well as preterm parturition. In the United States, a persistent racial disparity in preterm birth exists, with African Americans showing ∼1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft X-ray absorption spectroscopy coupled with nano-scale microscopy has been widely used in material science, environmental science, and physical sciences. In this work, the advantages of soft X-ray absorption spectromicroscopy for plant biopolymer research were demonstrated by determining the chemical sensitivity of the technique to identify common plant biopolymers and to map the distributions of biopolymers in plant samples. The chemical sensitivity of soft X-ray spectroscopy to study biopolymers was determined by recording the spectra of common plant biopolymers using soft X-ray and Fourier Transform mid Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA pregnant woman with a mechanical prosthetic mitral valve was anticoagulated with low-molecular-weight heparin in the first trimester followed by warfarin until 36 weeks' gestation. She was then switched to intravenous unfractionated heparin infusion to allow for regional anesthesia in anticipation of vaginal delivery. She developed severe headache on hospital day 2 that was refractory to pain medications.
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