Identification of lncRNA-based regulatory mechanisms of Takifugu rubripes growth traits in fast and slow-growing family lines.

Family selection is an important method in fish aquaculture because growth is the most important economic trait. Fast-and slow-growing families of tiger puffer fish (Takifugu rubripes) have been established through family selection. The development of teleost fish is primarily controlled by the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis that includes the hypothalamus-pituitary-liver.

C, N, and P stoichiometry for leaf litter of 62 woody species in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest.

To understand leaf litter stoichiometry in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest, we measured the contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in leaf litters of 62 main woody species in a natural forest of Nature Reserve in Sanming, Fujian Province. Differences in leaf litter stoichiometry were analyzed across leaf forms (evergreen, deciduous), life forms (tree, semi-tree or shrub), and main families. Additionally, the phylogenetic signal was measured by Blomberg's to explore the correlation between family level differentiation time and litter stoichiometry.

Utility of 2-Diphenylphosphoryloxy-1,3-Dienes in Multicomponent Hetero-Diels-Alder Reactions to Construct Functionalized Six-Membered Nitrogen Heterocycles.

The utility of 2-diphenylphosphoryloxy-1,3-dienes for the construction of substituted six-membered nitrogen heterocycles is presented. These dienes undergo boron trifluoride-promoted aza-Diels-Alder reactions when reacted with imines or related species formed in situ using aldehydes and amine derivatives. The stability of the dienes allows this three-component reaction to be carried out with no special precautions to eliminate water or air.

Comparison of Imine- and Phosphinimine-Supported Indium Complexes: Tuning the Reactivity for the Sequential and Simultaneous Copolymerization of Lactide and ε-Caprolactone.

Imine- and phosphinimine-supported indium complexes were used as catalysts in the polymerization of racemic lactide and ε-caprolactone as well as their copolymerization by the sequential and simultaneous addition of monomers. Tuning the electronics and sterics of the indium centers by either (i) changing the nature of the nitrogen donors and (ii) coordinating a hemilabile side group had a significant effect on the reactivity of the complexes, their stability, and their control in the synthesis of block copolymers. Specifically, the imine-supported complex () showed the highest activity in the homo- and copolymerization of the cyclic esters, in contrast to the phosphinimine-supported complex (), which was significantly slower and less stable.

Differences in the case fatality risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 Delta and non-Delta variants in relation to vaccine coverage: An early ecological study in the United Kingdom.

The circulation of SARS-CoV-2 Delta (i.e., B.

Real-time quantification of the transmission advantage associated with a single mutation in pathogen genomes: a case study on the D614G substitution of SARS-CoV-2.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic poses serious threats to global health, and the emerging mutation in SARS-CoV-2 genomes, e.g., the D614G substitution, is one of the major challenges of disease control.

A Bayesian method for synthesizing multiple diagnostic outcomes of COVID-19 tests.

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide and threatened human life. Diagnosis is crucial to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections and save lives. Diagnostic tests for COVID-19 have varying sensitivity and specificity, and the false-negative results would have substantial consequences to patient treatment and pandemic control.

iNOS Promotes the Development of Osteosarcoma via Wnt/-Catenin Pathway.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), accompanied with protumor and antitumor activity, has been studied in multiple cancers. However, the role of iNOS expression in osteosarcoma (OS) is far from being fully understood. In present work, iNOS levels were detected in OS tissues and cell lines.

An early assessment of a case fatality risk associated with P.1 SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Brazil: an ecological study.

The circulation of P.1 SARS-CoV-2 lineage becomes a challenge of pandemic control. Among the COVID-19 cases reported in Brazil, P.

Inferring the Association between the Risk of COVID-19 Case Fatality and N501Y Substitution in SARS-CoV-2.

As COVID-19 is posing a serious threat to global health, the emerging mutation in SARS-CoV-2 genomes, for example, N501Y substitution, is one of the major challenges against control of the pandemic. Characterizing the relationship between mutation activities and the risk of severe clinical outcomes is of public health importance for informing the healthcare decision-making process. Using a likelihood-based approach, we developed a statistical framework to reconstruct a time-varying and variant-specific case fatality ratio (CFR), and to estimate changes in CFR associated with a single mutation empirically.

Differential Influence of Age on the Relationship between Genetic Mismatch and A(H1N1)pdm09 Vaccine Effectiveness.

Assessment of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) and identification of relevant influencing factors are the current priorities for optimizing vaccines to reduce the impacts of influenza. To date, how the difference between epidemic strains and vaccine strains at genetic scale affects age-specific vaccine performance remains ambiguous. This study investigated the association between genetic mismatch on hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes and A(H1N1)pdm09 VE in different age groups with a novel computational approach.

Modelling the association between COVID-19 transmissibility and D614G substitution in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: using the surveillance data in California as an example.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic poses a serious threat to global health, and pathogenic mutations are a major challenge to disease control. We developed a statistical framework to explore the association between molecular-level mutation activity of SARS-CoV-2 and population-level disease transmissibility of COVID-19.

Methods: We estimated the instantaneous transmissibility of COVID-19 by using the time-varying reproduction number (R).

Quantifying the transmission advantage associated with N501Y substitution of SARS-CoV-2 in the UK: an early data-driven analysis.

The emerging N501Y mutation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which becomes prevalent in the UK rapidly, is one of the major challenges of COVID-19 control. To explore the transmission advantage, we estimate that the N501Y substitution increases the infectivity by 52% (95% confidence interval: 46, 58) in terms of the reproduction number.

In silico prediction of influenza vaccine effectiveness by sequence analysis.

The effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccines varies with the matching of vaccine strains to circulating strains. Based on the genetic distance of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase gene of the influenza viruses to vaccine strains, we statistically quantified the relationship between the genetic mismatch and vaccine effectiveness (VE) for influenza A/H1N1pdm09, A/H3N2 and B. We also proposed a systematic approach to integrate multiple genes and influenza types for overall VE estimation.

Protective effects of Bacillus subtilis ASAG 216 on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, gut microbiota and tissues residues of weaned piglets fed deoxynivalenol contaminated diets.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) poses a serious health threat to animals and humans consuming DON-contaminated food and feed. Biological means of detoxification of DON are considered as one of the effective strategies. The aim of the work was to study ameliorative effects of Bacillus subtilis ASAG 216 on DON-induced toxicosis in piglets.

Predicting the dominant influenza A serotype by quantifying mutation activities.

Objectives: Characterizing and predicting the evolutionary process of influenza, which remains challenging, are of importance in capturing the patterns of influenza activities and the development of prevention and control strategies. In this study, we quantified genetic mutation activity and developed a statistical model to predict dominant influenza A serotype with limited sequencing data.

Data And Methods: A total number of 8097 and 7090 HA sequences for A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 were collected from 2008/09 to 2018/19 flu season in seven countries or regions.

A case of congenital Rett variant in a Chinese patient caused by a mutation.

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe progressive neurodevelopmental disease characterized by psychomotor regression. The gene is one of the pathogenic genes associated with the congenital Rett variant, which is less studied. Only a few Chinese patients with mutation have been reported.