Growth and body composition of adolescents and young adults with perinatal HIV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Approximately 1.3 million pregnancies are exposed to HIV perinatally each year, with transmission rates ranging from 4 to 21%, despite 85% antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage among pregnant women. While ART has significantly reduced mother-to-child transmission, recent studies indicate an increased risk of chronic conditions among perinatally HIV-infected youth.

Factors influencing the quality of life and mental health of Brazilian Federal Education Network Employees: An epidemiological cross-sectional study.

Understanding the aspects of quality of life (QoL) and mental health can offer valuable insights into the well-being of educational employees. Therefore, this study assessed the factors influencing the QoL and mental health of Brazilian Federal Network Employees. This cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in 2022, with 1563 participants.

Knee strength balance ratios are not affected by aging among male runners.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess thigh muscular strength, conventional and functional strength balance ratios, and muscle quality in well-trained male runners aged 20-70 yr.

Methods: Eighty-nine male runners were divided into five age categories: 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and 60-70 yr. Participants underwent an isokinetic strength test for knee flexor and extensor muscles and a body composition analysis via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

A Single Session of Beach Tennis with Recreational Athletes Improves Anxiety Symptoms in Women but Not in Men: A Randomized Trial.

Introduction: Beach tennis has become a popular sport, but research on its mental health benefits is scarce. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have examined the effects of beach tennis on anxiety symptoms.

Objectives: To assess the effect of a single session of beach tennis, in both singles and doubles modes, on anxiety symptoms.

Examining the under-representation of black researchers in sports science and sports medicine publications: 'You Can't be what You Can't See'.

Objectives: This study evaluated the representation of black researchers as authors of articles published in four peer-reviewed journals with the highest impact factors (IFs) in the field of sports science and sports medicine.

Methods: An analysis was conducted on articles published between 2018 and 2022 in four leading sports science journals with high IFs (2022): The British Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal of Sport and Health Science, Sports Medicine and Exercise Immunology Review. Data extraction from the articles included the researcher's names, sex/gender, total number of authors, number of black authors, their position in the author list, publication year, article title and type and digital object identifier.

Severe malocclusion and oral health-related quality of life in adolescents aged 12-15 years.

Introduction: Malocclusion is a public health problem. The evidence of its impact on quality of life is contradictory and requires further studies.

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of severe malocclusion and its impact on oral health-related quality of life in schoolchildren aged 12-15 years.

Knowledge of gross human anatomy among Brazilian physical education students: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Gross human anatomy is essential in undergraduate programs across biological and health sciences. While extensive literature explores medical students' knowledge in this area, studies on non-medical students, particularly those in physical education, are scarce.

Objective: This study assessed the anatomy knowledge among Brazilian physical education students and explored differences based on employment status, type of class instruction (face-to-face vs.

The segmental-based approach during anatomy coursework presents better results than the systems-based approach.

Traditionally, there are two pedagogical approaches to teaching human anatomy. The first is the systems-based approach (study of body systems - bones, muscles, organs - separately) gross anatomy courses and the second is the segmental-based approach (study of body segments - upper and lower limbs and trunk - separately); both are highly recommended. However, to the best of our knowledge, less is known about academic performance comparing the two approaches.

Assessment of isokinetic trunk muscle parameters, postural control and quality of life in sedentary and active older adults.

Objective: The study intended to evaluate the differences between active and sedentary postural control and isokinetic trunk strength. The secondary aim was to evaluate the participants' total physical activity (PA) score regarding the specific quality of life domains assessed.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study involving 64 participants of both sexes aged ≥60 years (60-86 years) was conducted.

Effect of physical activity on depression, anxiety, and stress in women surviving breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Breast cancer treatment can lead to psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and stress. We systematically investigated the effect of physical exercise on these factors in women surviving breast cancer (WSBC). Eight databases were searched to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Can people with epilepsy trust AI chatbots for information on physical exercise?

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the similarity, readability, and alignment with current scientific knowledge of responses from AI-based chatbots to common questions about epilepsy and physical exercise.

Methods: Four AI chatbots (ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT 4, Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot) were evaluated.

Rosa dos Ventos Multicenter Cohort Study of Patients with Reduced or Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction Heart Failure in Brazil: Rationale and Design.

Background: Brazil is a country with different biomes and social disparities. There are limited data available on regional differences and prognosis of heart failure (HF) in the country.

Objective: The Rosa dos Ventos study aims to investigate regional differences and the current prognosis of HF outpatients with reduced or mildly reduced ejection fraction in Brazil.

The roles of periostin derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor progression and treatment response.

Periostin (POSTN), a matricellular protein predominantly secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), has emerged as a key regulator of cancer progression and therapy response. This review provides an overview of recent findings regarding the diverse roles of periostin in cancer therapy and its potential as a therapeutic target. Studies have elucidated periostin's involvement in tumorigenesis, including tumor growth, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Isolated and Combined Effects of Sedentary Behaviour and Physical Activity on Muscle Strength in Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Aim: We aim the isolated and combined effects of sedentary behaviour exposure time and physical activity levels on muscle strength in older adults.

Design: This prospective observational cohort study, analytical in nature, using exploratory survey methods and physical performance testing. With 5-year longitudinal follow-up (2015-2020).

Differences in 5-km running pace between female and male triathletes.

During an IRONMAN, the pacing strategy in the running segment differs significantly between sexes. However, it is unknown if sex affects the running pace in shorter triathlon events. This study compared the pacing strategy between sexes during a 5-km running test performed following a 20-km cycle (sprint triathlon distances).

Value-based health care in heart failure: Quality of life and cost analysis.

Objectives: To measure Quality of Life (QoL) and costs of Heart Failure (HF) outpatients in Brazil as an introduction to the Value-Based Health Care (VBHC) concept.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional study, patients with HF, with ejection fraction <50%, were recruited from three hospitals in Brazil. Two QoL (36-Item Short Form Survey [SF-36] and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire [MLHFQ]) and two anxiety/depression questionnaires were applied.

Occupational stress and body composition of hospital workers: a follow-up study.

This study sought to analyze the influence of occupational stress on the body composition of hospital workers after one year of follow-up. This prospective cohort study included 218 workers from one of the leading private hospitals in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Recôncavo da Bahia region, Northeast Brazil. Body composition was analyzed by proxy (Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference) and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis.

Running Plus Strength Training Positively Affects Muscle Strength and Quality in Both Younger (Below 50 Years Old) and Older (Above 50 Years Old) Women.

Background/objectives: Sarcopenia is a muscular disease characterized by loss of muscular strength and function, affecting mainly women, and associated with increased mortality risk. The aim of this study was to compare active women with inactive women of different age groups regarding muscle mass, strength, and muscle quality.

Methods: This study included 147 women (85 runners and 62 inactive), divided into <50 and ≥50 years old.

The potential of large language model chatbots for application to epilepsy: Let's talk about physical exercise.

In this paper, we discuss how artificial intelligence chatbots based on large-scale language models (LLMs) can be used to disseminate information about the benefits of physical exercise for individuals with epilepsy. LLMs have demonstrated the ability to generate increasingly detailed text and allow structured dialogs. These can be useful tools, providing guidance and advice to people with epilepsy on different forms of treatment as well as physical exercise.

Validation of a histology e-book for the teaching-learning process at the university level.

Histology is a science fundamental for life and health undergraduate courses. During its teaching and learning process, digital books (e-books) stand out by offering students more contact time with theoretical-practical content; however, the reliability of these must be examined. Therefore, this study aimed to validate an e-book, Histologia interativa: roteiros de estudos (interactive histology: study guide) for teaching and learning histology at the university level.

Cycling Intensity Effect on Running Plus Cycling Performance among Triathletes.

Running performance is crucial for triathlon performance. However, the prior bout of cycling may affect the running split time. This study compared the triathletes' cycling plus running (C+R) time, when cycling was performed at three different intensities and running was maximal.

Critical analysis of information provided by ChatGPT on lactate, exercise, fatigue, and muscle pain: current insights and future prospects for enhancement.

This study aimed to critically evaluate the information provided by ChatGPT on the role of lactate in fatigue and muscle pain during physical exercise. We inserted the prompt "What is the cause of fatigue and pain during exercise?" using ChatGPT versions 3.5 and 4o.