CFD simulation of cannabidiol delivery through microneedle patches.

This study investigates the efficiency and influence of microneedle parameters, specifically Needle Point Angle (a) and Needle Height (h), on the diffusion of Cannabidiol (CBD) across varying skin depths. Utilizing the Latin Hypercube Sampling method, twelve distinct cases were analyzed. Observations reveal a consistent high concentration of CBD delivered the microneedle patch, with a notable decrease in concentration as the depth increases, displaying a non-linear trend.

A ternary model of proton therapy based on boron medium radiosensitization and enhancement paths: a Monte Carlo simulation.

Background: To overcome proton therapy limitations [low linear energy transfer (LET) radiation with a relative biological effectiveness (RBE) typically ranging from 1.1 to 1.2], radiosensitization techniques can be employed to increase the radiosensitivity of tumor cells and improve the effectiveness of radiation therapy.

Equation of state of Iridium: from insight of ensemble theory.

The equations of state (EOS) of Iridium are, for the first time, obtained by solving the high-dimension integral of partition function based on a recently developed approach of ultrahigh efficiency and precision without any artificial parameter, and the deviation of 0.25% and 1.52% from the experiments was achieved respectively for the isobaric EOS in a temperature range of 300 K-2500 K and the isothermal EOS at 300 K up to 300 GPa.

Enhancing the phase stability of ceramics under radiation via multilayer engineering.

In metallic systems, increasing the density of interfaces has been shown to be a promising strategy for annealing defects introduced during irradiation. The role of interfaces during irradiation of ceramics is more unclear because of the complex defect energy landscape that exists in these materials. Here, we report the effects of interfaces on radiation-induced phase transformation and chemical composition changes in SiC-TiSiC-TiC multilayer materials based on combined transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis and first-principles calculations.

Removal Mechanism of Oxide Layer on the Surface of Sn-0.4Ti Alloy for Quartz Glass Sealing.

The oxide layer on the surface of Sn-0.4Ti alloy and its removal mechanism were investigated by coalitional analyses, using XPS and TEM technologies. The results show that a compact SnO oxide layer of less than 4 nm in thickness exists on the surface of Sn-0.

Effect of fluoride on osteocyte-driven osteoclastic differentiation.

Excessive systemic uptake of inorganic fluorides causes disturbances of bone homeostasis. The mechanism of skeletal fluorosis is still uncertain. This study aimed to study the effect of fluoride on osteocyte-driven osteoclastogenesis and probe into the role of PTH in this process.

Establishment and validation of a nomogram with intratumoral heterogeneity derived from F-FDG PET/CT for predicting individual conditional risk of 5-year recurrence before initial treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Intratumoral heterogeneity has an enormous effect on patient treatment and outcome. The purpose of the current study was to establish and validate a nomogram with intratumoral heterogeneity derived from F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for prognosis of 5-Year progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: A total of 171 NPC patients who underwent pretreatment F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively enrolled.

Effects of Embedded Helium on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Erbium Films.

A series of helium (He) charged nanograin-sized erbium (Er) films were deposited by direct current (DC)-magnetron sputtering with different He/Ar mixture gases. The microstructure and mechanical properties of He-charged Er films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nanoindentation. The helium concentrations in Er films, determined by elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA), ranged from 0 to 49.

Does capitation prepayment based Integrated County Healthcare Consortium affect inpatient distribution and benefits in Anhui Province, China? An interrupted time series analysis.

Objective: This study aims to compare the level and trend changes of inpatient and funds distribution, as well as inpatient benefits before and after the official operation of the ICHC in Anhui.

Methods: A total of 1,013,815 inpatient cases were collected from the hospitalisation database in two counties in Anhui Province, China, during the course of the study from January 2014 to June 2017. The effect of the reform was assessed beginning with its formal operation in February 2016.

Charged particle radiobiology beamline using tandem accelerator-based MeV protons and carbon ions: a pilot study on the track-end radiation quality, variable biological effectiveness and Bayesian beam dosimetry.

For in vitro cell irradiation using tandem accelerator-based MeV protons and carbon ions, by TOPAS simulation, a pilot study of performance evaluation is presented on a collimation beamline for 3 MeV protons and 10 MeV carbon ions from a 2  ×  3 MV tandem accelerator. Based on the elements and source parameters, a collimated beam of 2.8 MeV protons or 2.

Evolution Law of Helium Bubbles in Hastelloy N Alloy on Post-Irradiation Annealing Conditions.

This work reports on the evolution law of helium bubbles in Hastelloy N alloy on post-irradiation annealing conditions. After helium ion irradiation at room temperature and subsequent annealing at 600 °C (1 h), the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrograph indicates the presence of helium bubbles with size of 2 nm in the depth range of 0-300 nm. As for the sample further annealed at 850 °C (5 h), on one hand, a "Denuded Zone" (0-38 nm) with rare helium bubbles forms due to the decreased helium concentration.

Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Activity of ZnO-Coated TiO2 Nanotubes and Its Dependence on ZnO Coating Thickness.

One-dimensional heterogeneous nanostructures in the form of ZnO-coated TiO2 nanotubes (ZnO/TiO2 NTs) were fabricated by atomic layer deposition of an ultrathin ZnO coating on electrochemical anodization-formed TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) with the thickness of ZnO coating being precisely controlled at atomic scale, and the photoelectrochemical activity of the fabricated ZnO/TiO2 NTs and the influence of ZnO coating and its thickness were studied. The structures of TiO2 NTs and ZnO coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman backscattering spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The photoelectrochemical activity was studied through the measurements of electrochemical impendence, flat-band potential, and transient photocurrent density.