Burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to metabolic risks in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.

Aims: To evaluate the global cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden attributable to metabolic risks in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.

Methods And Results: Following the methodologies used in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, this study analyzed CVD deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to metabolic risks by location, age, sex, and socio-demographic index (SDI). In 2021, metabolic risks accounted for 13.

Managing Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases: Insights from a Nutritional Perspective.

Purpose Of Review: Autoimmune diseases manifest as an immune system response directed against endogenous antigens, exerting a significant influence on a substantial portion of the population. Notably, a leading contributor to morbidity and mortality in this context is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Intriguingly, individuals with autoimmune disorders exhibit a heightened prevalence of CVD compared to the general population.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertensive Heart Disease: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutics.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent episodes of complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway that lead to intermittent hypoxemia, negative intrathoracic pressure, hypercapnia, and sleep disturbances. While OSA is recognized as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, it's relationship with hypertensive heart disease (HHD) remains underappreciated. HHD is a condition characterized by the pathological hypertrophy of the left ventricle, a consequence of elevated arterial hypertension.

Comparative Analysis of Hypertension Guidelines: Unveiling Consensus and Discrepancies in Lifestyle Modifications for Blood Pressure Control.

Background: Hypertension is a major global health concern, and lifestyle modifications have been recommended as first-line treatment for hypertension in many guidelines. However, different guidelines may recommend different types of lifestyle adjustment, and it is unclear which ones are most effective. In this review, we compared hypertension guidelines to identify any differences and/or consensus in content, efficacy, and timing of initiation of lifestyle modifications.

Rediscovering the value of exercise in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

It was previously thought that hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in athletes. This was also extrapolated to the general population. Thereby, exercise was restrained in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Cardiac Shock Wave Therapy Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia in Patients With Chronic Refractory Angina Pectoris: A Randomized Trial.

Cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) is a non-invasive new option for the treatment of chronic refractory angina pectoris (CRAP). This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficiency of CSWT in the treatment of CRAP. Eighty-seven patients with CRAP were randomly allocated into CWST group ( = 46) and Control group ( = 41).