Synthesis of the β-linked GalNAc-Kdo disaccharide antigen of the capsular polysaccharide of Kingella kingae KK01.

The first construction of the challenging β-(1 → 5)-linked GalNAc-Kdo skeleton is described for the synthesis of the disaccharide antigen of the capsular polysaccharide of Kingella kingae KK01. TfOH-catalyzed glycosylation of N-Troc-protected d-galactosaminyl N-phenyl trifluoroacetimidate with a sterically hindered 5-hydroxyl group of the β-Kdo building block in toluene proceeded smoothly to provide the desired disaccharide in excellent yield with satisfactory β-selectivity. An optimal sequence for the deprotection of the disaccharide skeleton was found to access the disaccharide antigen of Kingella kingae KK01 for further immunological studies.

Synthesis of 3- C-Branched Kdo Analogues via Sonogashira Coupling of 3-Iodo Kdo Glycal with Terminal Alkynes.

A highly efficient approach for the synthesis of 3- C-branched mono- and di-3-deoxy-d- manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (Kdo) enyne analogues is developed for the first time based on Sonogashira coupling of terminal alkynes with 3-iodo Kdo glycal obtained by the NIS/TMSOTf-promoted one-step reaction from peracetylated Kdo ethyl ester. Further transformation of 3- C-branched mono- and di-Kdo enyne analogues by asymmetric hydrogenation and saponification provided 2-deoxy-β-carboxyl Kdo analogues in a stereocontrolled mode.

Gold(I)-catalyzed synthesis of β-Kdo glycosides using Kdo ortho-hexynylbenzoate as donor.

A gold(I)-catalyzed glycosylation of Kdo with glycosyl ortho-hexynylbenzoate as donor is reported. The couplings of Kdo ortho-hexynylbenzoate with a set of alcohols promoted by PPhAuOTf afford Kdo glycosides with good β-selectivities. This glycosylation method allows for the synthesis of β-Kdo monosaccharide with a C5 linker at the reducing end for subsequent conjugation to carrier proteins and arrays.