Giant Uniaxial Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy in SmCrGe.

Magnetic anisotropy is a crucial characteristic for enhancing the spintronic device performance. The synthesis of SmCrGe single crystals through a high-temperature solution method has led to the determination of uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Phase verification was achieved by using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), powder, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques.

The clinical and pathological features of Kimura disease in pediatric patients.

Background: Kimura disease is characterized by inflammation, with its underlying causes remaining uncertain. There is a lack of comprehensive and systematic research on the pathology of this condition in pediatric patients. Our objective is to study the clinical and pathological attributes of Kimura disease in pediatric patients and investigate the potential diagnostic significance of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in this context.

Chiral and flat-band magnetic quasiparticles in ferromagnetic and metallic kagome layers.

Magnetic kagome metals are a promising platform to develop unique quantum transport and optical phenomena caused by the interplay between topological electronic bands, strong correlations, and magnetic order. This interplay may result in exotic quasiparticles that describe the coupled electronic and spin excitations on the frustrated kagome lattice. Here, we observe novel elementary magnetic excitations within the ferromagnetic Mn kagome layers in TbMnSn using inelastic neutron scattering.

Inducing Ferrimagnetic Exchange in 1D-FeSe Chains Using Heteroleptic Amine Complexes: [Fe(en)(tren)][FeSe].

[Fe(en)(tren)][FeSe] ( = ethylenediamine, CHN, = tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, CHN) has been synthesized by a mixed-ligand solvothermal method. Its crystal structure contains heteroleptic [Fe(en)(tren)] complexes with distorted octahedral coordination, incorporated between 1D-FeSe chains composed of edge-sharing FeSe tetrahedra. The twisted octahedral coordination environment of the Fe-amine complex leads to partial dimerization of Fe-Fe distances in the FeSe chains so that the FeSe polyhedra deviate strongly from the regular tetrahedral geometry.

Role of Magnetic Defects in Tuning Ground States of Magnetic Topological Insulators.

Magnetic defects play an important, but poorly understood, role in magnetic topological insulators (TIs). For example, topological surface transport and bulk magnetic properties are controlled by magnetic defects in Bi Se -based dilute ferromagnetic (FM) TIs and MnBi Te (MBT)-based antiferromagnetic (AFM) TIs. Despite its nascent ferromagnetism, the inelastic neutron scattering data show that a fraction of the Mn defects in Sb Te form strong AFM dimer singlets within a quintuple block.

Breakdown of the scaling relation of anomalous Hall effect in Kondo lattice ferromagnet USbTe.

The interaction between strong correlation and Berry curvature is an open territory of in the field of quantum materials. Here we report large anomalous Hall conductivity in a Kondo lattice ferromagnet USbTe which is dominated by intrinsic Berry curvature at low temperatures. However, the Berry curvature induced anomalous Hall effect does not follow the scaling relation derived from Fermi liquid theory.

Breaking of Inversion Symmetry and Interlayer Electronic Coupling in Bilayer Graphene Heterostructure by Structural Implementation of High Electric Displacement Fields.

Controlling the interlayer coupling in two-dimensional (2D) materials generates novel electronic and topological phases. Its effective implementation is commonly done with a transverse electric field. However, phases generated by high displacement fields are elusive in this standard approach.

The clinical application of flexible bronchoscopy in a neonatal intensive care unit.

Objective: Flexible bronchoscopy is widely used in infants and it plays a crucial role. The aim of this study was to investigate the value and clinical safety of flexible bronchoscopy in a neonatal intensive care unit.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 116 neonates who underwent flexible bronchoscopy and the outcomes of 147 procedures.

Short-Range Crystalline Order-Tuned Conductivity in CrSiTe van der Waals Magnetic Crystals.

Two-dimensional magnetic materials (2DMMs) are significant not only for studies on the nature of 2D long-range magnetic order but also for future spintronic devices. Of particular interest are 2DMMs where spins can be manipulated by electrical conduction. Whereas CrSiTe exhibits magnetic order in few-layer crystals, its large band gap inhibits electronic conduction.

As-Se Pentagonal Linkers to Induce Chirality and Polarity in Mixed-Valent Fe-Se Tetrahedral Chains Resulting in Hidden Magnetic Ordering.

A novel mixed-valent hybrid chiral and polar compound, FeAsSe(en)(HO), has been synthesized by a single-step solvothermal method. The crystal structure consists of 1D [FeSe] chains connected via [AsSe]-Se pentagonal linkers and charge-balancing interstitial [Fe(en)] complexes ( = ethylenediamine). Neutron powder diffraction verified that interstitial water molecules participate in the crystal packing.

Modeling surface spin polarization on ceria-supported Pt nanoparticles.

In this work, we employ density functional theory simulations to investigate possible spin polarization of CeO-(111) surface and its impact on the interactions between a ceria support and Pt nanoparticles. With a Gaussian type orbital basis, our simulations suggest that the CeO-(111) surface exhibits a robust surface spin polarization due to the internal charge transfer between atomic Ce and O layers. In turn, it can lower the surface oxygen vacancy formation energy and enhance the oxide reducibility.

Kinetics of Magnetic Skyrmion Crystal Formation from the Conical Phase.

The particle-like magnetic skyrmion or skyrmion lattice (SkX) formation has promoted strong application and fundamental science interests. Despite extensive research, the kinetic of the SkX development is much less understood because of the ultrafast spin rotation and high sensitivity to external perturbations. Here, using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we successfully measured the dynamics of SkX formation from the conical phase with precise control of both the temperature and the magnetic field.

Competing Magnetic Interactions in the Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi_{2}Te_{4}.

The antiferromagnetic (AFM) compound MnBi_{2}Te_{4} is suggested to be the first realization of an AFM topological insulator. We report on inelastic neutron scattering studies of the magnetic interactions in MnBi_{2}Te_{4} that possess ferromagnetic triangular layers with AFM interlayer coupling. The spin waves display a large spin gap and pairwise exchange interactions within the triangular layer are long ranged and frustrated by large next-nearest neighbor AFM exchange.

Mechanisms of Skyrmion and Skyrmion Crystal Formation from the Conical Phase.

Real-space topological magnetic structures such as skyrmions and merons are promising candidates for information storage and transport. However, the microscopic mechanisms that control their formation and evolution are still unclear. Here, using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrate that skyrmion crystals (SkXs) can nucleate, grow, and evolve from the conical phase in the same ways that real nanocrystals form from vapors or solutions.

Relaxation Dynamics of Zero-Field Skyrmions over a Wide Temperature Range.

The promise of magnetic skyrmions in future spintronic devices hinges on their topologically enhanced stability and the ability to be manipulated by external fields. The technological advantages of nonvolatile zero-field skyrmion lattice (SkL) are significant if their stability and reliability can be demonstrated over a broad temperature range. Here, we study the relaxation dynamics including the evolution and lifetime of zero-field skyrmions generated from field cooling (FC) in an FeGe single-crystal plate via in situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (L-TEM).

[Effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide on airway inflammation and Th17/Treg balance in asthmatic mice].

Objective: To investigate the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on the airway inflammation and its regulatory effect on Th17/Treg imbalance in asthmatic mice.

Methods: A total of 30 BALB/c mice were equally and randomly divided into three groups: control, asthma, and VIP. An acute asthmatic mouse model was established by sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin (OVA).

Metastable cobalt nitride structures with high magnetic anisotropy for rare-earth free magnets.

Metastable structures of cobalt nitrides and Fe-substituted cobalt nitrides are explored as possible candidates for rare-earth free permanent magnets. Through crystal structure searches using an adaptive genetic algorithm, new structures of CoN (n = 3…8) are found to have lower energies than those previously discovered by experiments. Some structures exhibit large magnetic anisotropy energy, reaching as high as 200 μeV per Co atom (or 2.

On-the-fly machine-learning for high-throughput experiments: search for rare-earth-free permanent magnets.

Advanced materials characterization techniques with ever-growing data acquisition speed and storage capabilities represent a challenge in modern materials science, and new procedures to quickly assess and analyze the data are needed. Machine learning approaches are effective in reducing the complexity of data and rapidly homing in on the underlying trend in multi-dimensional data. Here, we show that by employing an algorithm called the mean shift theory to a large amount of diffraction data in high-throughput experimentation, one can streamline the process of delineating the structural evolution across compositional variations mapped on combinatorial libraries with minimal computational cost.

[Epidemiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children].

Objective: To study the epidemiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) in children, and to provide a basis for diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: The serum level of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody IgM (MP-IgM) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 3156 hospitalized children with confirmed community acquired pneumonia from February 2011 to January 2012. The antigens of seven respiratory viruses were detected in the nasopharyngeal secretions of children with MPP.

Breakdown of a gold nanowire between electrodes.

Deformation behavior of an atomic Au wire placed between Au electrodes was investigated by using a generalization of the method of linear muffin-tin orbitals (LMTO) within the local-density approximation (LDA). We studied the dynamical motion of the atoms in the wire. Soft phonon modes were studied.